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Medical Terminology > History and Symptom Terminology > Flashcards

History and Symptom Terminology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

acute

A

new-onset illness that is of short duration, rapidly progressive, and of urgent care

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2
Q

acute on chronic

A

exacerbation of a chronic condition

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3
Q

anasarca

A

whole-body swelling

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4
Q

angioedema

A

rapid swelling of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue

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5
Q

arthralgia

A

pain in a joint

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6
Q

arthritis

A

inflammation of a joint

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7
Q

asthma

A

airway constriction due to muscular contraction/spasm of the muscles of the bronchioles

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8
Q

baseline

A

normal state for a specific patient

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9
Q

BP

A

blood pressure

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10
Q

BPH

A

benign prostatic hypertrophy

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11
Q

bronchitis

A

inflammation of the bronchus

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12
Q

CA

A

cancer

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13
Q

CABG

A

coronary artery bypass grafting, heart bypass surgery

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14
Q

CAD

A

coronary artery disease

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15
Q

celiac disease

A

autoimmune disease due to a reaction to gluten

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16
Q

cephalgia

A

headache

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17
Q

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

A

stroke

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18
Q

cervicalgia

A

neck pain

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19
Q

CF

A

cystic fibrosis

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20
Q

CHF

A

congestive heart failure

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21
Q

chronic

A

longstanding, persisting for a long time or constantly recurring

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22
Q

cirrhosis

A

damage of liver tissue

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23
Q

CKD

A

chronic kidney disease

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24
Q

colic

A

sever, often fluctuating pain in the abdomen caused by intestinal gas or obstruction in the intestines (suffered especially by babies)

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25
Q

COPD

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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26
Q

CVA

A

cerebrovascular accident (stroke), costovertebral angle

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27
Q

deep venous thrombosis

A

clot in a deep vein of an extremity

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28
Q

diaphoresis

A

excessing sweating

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29
Q

diffuse

A

generalized, non-localized

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30
Q

diplopia

A

double vision

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31
Q

distention

A

protrusion or enlargement due to internal mass or pressure

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32
Q

dizziness

A

sensation that one is faint or lightheaded, no sensation that surroundings are moving

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33
Q

DM

A

diabetes mellitus

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34
Q

DOE

A

dyspnea on exertion

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35
Q

DVT

A

deep vein thrombosis

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36
Q

dyspepsia

A

indigestion

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37
Q

dyspnea

A

shortness of breath or difficulty breathing due to underlying cause/disease (e.g. COPD, asthma)

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38
Q

dysuria

A

painful urination

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39
Q

ecchymosis

A

bruising

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40
Q

eczema/eczematous

A

inflammatory dry skin

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41
Q

edema/edematous

A

swelling due to accumulation of fluid in the body tissue

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42
Q

emesis

A

vomitus or vomiting

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43
Q

epigastric

A

central upper region of the abdomen

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44
Q

epistaxis

A

nosebleed

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45
Q

erythema/erythematous

A

redness

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46
Q

ESRD

A

end-stage renal disease

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47
Q

EtOH

A

alcohol

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48
Q

fainting

A

loss of consciousness, typically due to neurologic condition

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49
Q

FHx

A

family history

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50
Q

fluctuating

A

symptoms that are constantly present but change in severity

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51
Q

gastroenteritis

A

inflammation of the GI tract, sometimes called a “stomach bug”

52
Q

GERD

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

53
Q

gout

A

joint inflammation due to uric acid accumulation

54
Q

HA

A

headache

55
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting blood

56
Q

hematochezia

A

passage of bright red blood in the stool, concerning for lower gastrointestinal bleed

57
Q

hematoma

A

localized collection of blood

58
Q

hematuria

A

blood in the urine

59
Q

hemoptysis

A

coughing/spitting up blood, differs from hematemesis

60
Q

hemorrhage

A

excessive bleeding

61
Q

hepatitis

A

inflammation of the liver

62
Q

HLD

A

hyperlipidemia

63
Q

HPI

A

history of present illness

64
Q

HTN

A

hypertension

65
Q

Hx

A

history

66
Q

hyperlipidemia

A

elevated cholesterol and lipids

67
Q

hyperthyroidism

A

overactive thyroid

68
Q

hypothyroidism

A

underactive thyroid

69
Q

intermittent

A

repeatedly returning symptoms that occasionally resolve but come back

70
Q

intractable

A

no improvement in symptoms despite intervention, hard to control

71
Q

LMP

A

last menstrual period

72
Q

LOC

A

loss of consciousness

73
Q

malaise

A

general feeling of unwellness

74
Q

mass

A

abnormal growth of tissue

75
Q

melena

A

black tarry stool

76
Q

MI

A

myocardial infarction

77
Q

migraine

A

type of headache that is often accompanied by nausea and photophobia (discomfort/pain by presence of light)

78
Q

MOI

A

mechanism of injury

79
Q

MVA, MVC

A

motor vehicle accident, motor vehicle collision

80
Q

myalgia

A

muscular pain

81
Q

myocardial infarction (MI)

A

heart attack; death of cardiac muscle tissue due to prolonged ischemia

82
Q

N/V/D

A

nausea/vomiting/diarrhea

83
Q

neuralgia

A

pain along the course of a nerve

84
Q

nocturia

A

urge to urinate during the night, waking the person from sleep

85
Q

odontalgia

A

toothache

86
Q

odynophagia

A

pain with swallowing

87
Q

ophthalmalgia

A

eye pain

88
Q

otalgia

A

earache

89
Q

paresthesia

A

abnormal skin sensation (such as tingling, burning, or numbness) with no apparent physical cause

90
Q

paroxysmal

A

sporadic or occasional occurrence of symptoms or the acute exacerbation (abrupt worsening) of pre-existing symptoms

91
Q

PCP

A

primary care provider, primary care physician

92
Q

photophobia

A

light sensitivity

93
Q

PMHx

A

past medical history

94
Q

PNA

A

pneumonia

95
Q

pneumonia

A

infection inside lung tissue

96
Q

polydipsia

A

persistent hunger and/or excessive eating

97
Q

polyuria

A

urinating in excessive amounts

98
Q

postictal

A

post-seizure state descriptive of poor responsiveness

99
Q

pruritic

A

itchy

100
Q

psoriasis

A

autoimmune skin disease consisting of patches of dry, scaly red skin

101
Q

PUD

A

peptic ulcer disease

102
Q

PVD

A

peripheral vascular disease

103
Q

radiculopathy

A

radiation of pain due to compression/inflammation of a spinal nerve

104
Q

resolved

A

no longer present

105
Q

rhinorrhea

A

runny nose

106
Q

ROS

A

review of systems

107
Q

s/p

A

status post

108
Q

sciatica

A

compression/inflammation of the sciatic nerve causing pain and radiculopathy to the leg

109
Q

sinusitis

A

infection of the sinuses

110
Q

sputum

A

mixture of saliva and mucus that is produced when coughing

111
Q

status epilepticus

A

repetitive, intractable seizures

112
Q

status migrainosus

A

intractable migraine headache

113
Q

Sx

A

symptoms

114
Q

syncope

A

loss of consciousness, typically due to cardiovascular condition

115
Q

Sz

A

seizure

116
Q

TIA

A

transient ischemic attack

117
Q

tinnitus

A

ringing in the ears

118
Q

transient

A

resolving spontaneously shortly after onset

119
Q

transient ischemic attack (TIA)

A

mini-stroke; temporary blockage of blood flow to the brain; symptoms resolve spontaneously

120
Q

URI

A

upper respiratory infection

121
Q

urticaria

A

hives, signs of allergic reaction

122
Q

UTD

A

up to date

123
Q

UTI

A

urinary tract infection

124
Q

vertigo

A

sensation that surroundings are spinning or moving when they are not; often described as room-spinning dizziness due to inner ear issues

125
Q

vital signs (5)

A

heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), respiratory rare (RR), oxygen saturation (SpO2), temperature (temp)

126
Q

y/o

A

years old

Medical Terminology (28 decks)

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