History and Importance of Hadith Flashcards
name 2 verses which talk about the importance of Sunnah.
“And whatsoever the Messenger gives you take it, and whatsoever he forbids you, abstain from it”
“Say, ‘Obey Allah, and the Messenger.’ But if they turn their backs, Allah loves not the unbelievers”
name all 5 ways Sunnah and Quran are used together.
-Further explains the teachings of the Holy Quran.
-The Quran may mention a general rule which could apply to anyone, while the Sunnah further specifies the rule and form another one.
-A rule may be mentioned in the Quran, but the Sunnah places restriction on the rule.
-A rule is given in the Quran with explanation, and the Sunnah adds new items to the rule.
-A rule may originate from the Sunnah
Give 2 examples of when the Sunnah explains the teachings of the Quran.
The Quran says: “And establish prayer and pay Zakat” but the method of prayer is not given; the Prophet explained the method through his actions and said: “Pray as you see me pray”, rates of Zakat are also not mentioned, but the Prophet PBUH said: “There is no charity tax due on property mounting to les than 5 auqia, and no charity tax is due on fewer than 5 camels and there is no charity tax due on fewer than five wasq”
Give an example of when the Sunnah places restrictions on a rule mentioned in the Quran without any restrictions.
The Quran talks about the punishment of a stealer: “The stealing men and the stealing women cut off their hands”, but the Prophet PBUH said: “Hands will not be cut for less than 10 Dirhams” and that only the right wrist will be cut.
Name examples of when a rule originated from the Sunnah rather than the Quran.
The Prophet PBUH announced in the Khayber Expedition that the flesh of a donkey was Haram.
The Prophet PBUH also made gold and silk unlawful for men but lawful for women.
Name an example of when the Quran mentioned a general rule and the Sunnah further specified the rule to form another one.
The Quran says: “The man and woman who commit Zina, flog each of them with a hundred lashes”. This rule could be applied to any male or female found guilty of Zina. However the Messenger informed that it is punishment of the unmarried and ordered to stone married men and women who commit Zina.
what are the three different ways to make laws through the Prophet’s Sunnah?
1- His Hadith (sayings)
2- His Sunnah (actions)
3- His Taqreer (silent approvals)
How are laws made by the Hadith of the Prophet?
Whatever he says is a part of Islamic law as per the Quran: “Nor does he speak from (his own) inclination. It is not but a revelation revealed”
How are laws made by the Sunnah of the Prophet? give an example.
Whatever the Prophet does is the best way and we are obligated to follow him. The Prophet said: “Pray as you see me pray”
How are laws made by the Taqreer of the Prophet? Give an example.
If something was done in front of the Prophet and he remained silent on it, then it is considered as lawful. An example of this when Khalid bin Waleed R.A ate iguana in front of the Prophet and he said nothing.
Name two examples of Ijma during the companions’ time.
Making Hz.Abu Bakr R.A the Caliph on the basis of the Sunnah of the Prophet; he made Abu Bakr the Imaam of the Mosque when he was sick, hence the companions decided that Hz.Abu Bakr R.A would be the Caliph of the Muslims. The compilation of Quran during the Caliphate of Hz.Abu Bakr R.A was another example, where Hz.Uthman R.A asked the Caliph to compile the Quran, who relented at first but eventually agreed after Ijma.
What are the two types of Ijma?
The general agreement of all Muslims in matters of belief, like the Quran being sent down by Allah and the Prophet Muhammad being His Messenger. The second particularly concerns legal matters and can be defined as agreement of a group of Muslims about an issue on which the Quran and Sunnah has not spoken the final word.
What are modern-day examples of Ijma?
Israel can not be treated as a friendly state as they have occupied Muslim territory and they kill innocent Muslims. The Pakistan National Assembly also declared Qadiyanis as non-believers because they didn’t believe in the finality of the the Prophet Muhammad.
What is Usool-e-Hadith?
Usool-e-Hadith is the science which explains how Hadith were compiled, authenticated and interpreted, and it categorises Hadith according to their authenticity, number of narrators etc, the main classifications of Hadith is Sahih, Hassan, Dai’f and Mau’do.
What is Sahih Hadith?
Hadith in which 5 characteristics are present: It’s chain of narrators is continuous and unbroken, which means that the meeting of every narrator was historically possible with the next narrator in the chain. Each and every narrator in the chain was a Muslim and known for his truthfulness. Every narrator had a sharp and retentive memory. The Hadith was free from all types of I’lal and Shudhood. All Ahadith of Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim meet this criteria.
Give an example of Sahih Hadith. (Sanad and Matn)
Al-Bukhari –> Musaddad
–> Yahya –> Shu’bah –> Qatadaah –> Anas Bin Maalik –> Prophet PBUH: “None of you truly believes until he loves for his brother what he loves for himself”
What is Illah/I’lal?
illah is the science of identifying hidden defects in a Hadith’s chain or text that may affect its authenticity, even if the Hadith appears sound externally.
What is Shudhood?
Shudhood is a condition in Hadith where a reliable narrator contradicts a more reliable narrator or a group of narrators, making the Hadith weak despite an apparently sound chain.
What is Hassan Hadith?
in which all characteristics of Sahih Ahadith are found but some of it’s narrators are less accurate than the narrators of Sahih Hadith but still have good memory. Imam Tirmidhi defined it as a Hadith which does not contain a reporter accused of lying, it is not shadh and the Hadith has been reported through more than one Sanad.
How does Imam Tirmidhi define Hassan Hadith?
Imam Tirmidhi defined it as a Hadith which does not contain a reporter accused of lying, it is not shadh and the Hadith has been reported through more than one Sanad.
Give an example of Hassan Hadith (Sanad and Matn), why is it considered as Hassan?
Tirmidhi reported from Qutaiba who heard from Jaffar bin Suleman who heard from Abu Imran who heard from Abu Bakr who heard from Abu Musa Bin Ashari who heard the Prophet say: “Paradise lies under the shadow of swords” .In this chain, Jaffar’s memory was good but not as accurate so it is considered Hassan.
What is a Dai’f Hadith?
In which one or more of the following are found: there is discontinuity in the chain of narrators, one of the narrators has a disparaged character and does not possess the ability of retaining text, or there is ambiguity in the isnad or matn of the Hadith, or the Hadith is Shadh or Mua’llal. The Dai’f Hadith is further classified into different categories depending upon the defects in the qualification of isnad.
What is Mau’do Hadith?
Hadith in which the Matn is against the Quran or the established norms of the Prophet’s sayings. If one or more reporters are liars then it will be declared as a Mau’do Hadith, it is sometimes recognised by external evidences related to discrepancies found in the date or times of a particular incident.
Give an example of Mau’do Hadith.
“Seek knowledge, even if you have to go to China”
