History and defenition

Question 1

What is dualism?

Answer 1

Man: part of world of forms, the mind. Have an invisible soul. “higher”
Animals: part of world of matter, the body. “lower”

Question 2

What does Anthropocene mean?

Answer 2

Ansthropocene is a new epoc that geologist believe we have entered into because of our globally spread impact on klimate and eco systems

Question 3

3 dimenstions of sustainable development

Answer 3

Ecological, economical, social

Question 4

Describe the ecological dimension:

Answer 4

• sustaining natural systems that can keep providing humans with important utility
• 2 dimensions: env. production capacity and env assimilative capacity
• production capacity: providing humans with natural goods (cropland, healthy fisheries, clean water, forest) = renewable resources, eco system services
• assimilative capacity: the ability to handle pollution and env. impact (ozone layer, CO2 in atmosphere and oceans, acidification), biodiversity
• planatary boundries

Question 5

Describe the economical dimension:

Answer 5

• manage resources required for human need
• finite natural resources (not renewable, from earth crust)
• man-made capital (assets created by people to produce other goods and services) managing and developing it
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Question 6

Describe the social dimension:

Answer 6

• health, social context, human rights, fair allocation of resources
• preconditions for means that allow human needs to be met
• vertical and horizontal relations
• vertical: between institutaions and individuals (legal systems, hierarchy)
• horizontal: between individuals (network by people or organizations)

Question 7

4 principles for sustainable development

Answer 7

1. Substances extracted from the lithosphere (earth crust) must not systematically accumulate in the ecosphere
2. Societal-produced substances must not systematically accumulate in the ecosphere
3. The physical conditions for production and diveristy within the ecosphere must not systematically be deteriorated
4. The use of resources must be efficient and just with respect to meeting human needs

Question 8

Def of sustainable development

Answer 8

Fulfilling needs now without compromising the needs of future generations