History 7 Unit 4 Flashcards
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)
A document made by the United Nations after the second World War. It consists of 30 rights that every human should have. The only problem is that these are optional, not required. A big person to take a part in writing these was Eleanor Roosevelt.
United Nations (UN)
The United Nations is a union of peacekeeping countries around the world. They do not have a military force, but can lock bank accounts and send peaceful protesters to make a country follow their rules. These countries also wrote the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. This union originally consisted of 51 countries, but has grown to 193 countries.
Pyramid of Hate
The Pyramid of Hate is a visual representation of the different levels of hate for groups. Race, gender, ethnicity, religion, ect. The worst level is genocide.
Indian Removal Act
The Indian Removal act was the operation passed by the Supreme Court to move all the “civilized” tribes and make them move to the what is modern day Oklahoma. The civilized tribes were the ones that tried to adjust to American way of life so they could fit in with society.
Andrew Jackson
Andrew Jackson was the president during the time of the Indian Removal Act, and he passed the operation, trying to force the Indians out.
Trail of Tears
The Trail of Tears was the multiple paths that the different Indian tribes took to get to modern day Oklahoma. It is called this because of all the hardships they faced,
a few of those being deaths of loved ones, sickness, natural disasters, etc..
Discrimination
Unfair treatment of a person or group based on their identity, such as in job or school opportunities, housing, criminal justice, segregation
Prejudice
Negative attitudes towards a particular group based on their identity
Japanese Internment Camp
Camps that the Japanese Americans were kept in during World War II because of fear of betrayal or being a spy for Japan
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
He was the president that passed the camp act during World War II
Bias
Negative thoughts or ideas about, or against a certain group based on differences, real or imagined
Scapegoating
The act of blaming a group based on the actions of a few
Apartheid
Apartheid is a word from Afrikaans meaning apartness. This word was used in the Apartheid laws that were laws in South Africa regarding black and white segregation and rules
Segregation
Segregation means to be separated from other people
Nelson Mandela
Nelson Mandela was a black South African man who was a civil rights activist and the first black president of South Africa. He was one of the leaders in the protests against the ANC
F.W. de Klerk
White president before Nelson Mandela. He helped Nelson and got rid of Apartheid laws. He and Nelson ran against each other after the laws were abolished.
African National Congress
The group of black Africans that stood against the Apartheid laws. Nelson Mandela was one of the big members of this group.
Political Cartoon
Political cartoons can be very funny, especially if you understand the issue that they’re commenting on. Their main purpose, though, is not to amuse you but to persuade you. A good political cartoon makes you think about current events, but it also tries to sway your opinion towards the artist’s point of view
Antisemitism
Bad acts against Jewish people
Patriotism
The quality of being patriotic; devotion to and vigorous support for one’s country. Ex.: Flying your country’s flag in your yard
Nationalism
Identification with one’s own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations
World War I
A war that took place from 1914-1918 between 135 countries. The two powers were the Allies and the Central Powers. It was caused by the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and also foreign policies. America joined in 1917 because of the death of 128 Americans on a commercial ship that Germany sank.
Treaty of Versailles
A peace treaty between the Allies and the Central Powers, mainly Germany, to end World War I. The treaty’s conditions were, Germany would have to give land back to France and Poland, coal fields would be given to France for 15 years, Britain would get their colonies, Germany had to pay all war costs, Germany and Austria could not ally, Germany was forbidden from joining the League of Nations, Germany had to shrink their army to 100,000, their navy consisted of 6 battleships, but they couldn’t have any submarines or air force, and they had to take blame for the war.
National Socialist German Workers Party
The National Socialist German Workers’ Party, commonly referred to in English as the Nazi Party, was a far-right political party in Germany that was active between 1920 and 1945, that created and supported the ideology of Nazism.
Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler was the dictator of Germany and leader of the Nazi party during World War II. After World War I, he blamed the Jews for Germany losing and started the Jewish death camps. Before he came to power, while in prison, he wrote “Mein Kamf”, meaning, “My Struggle”, which talked about how he was going to take over the German government. After losing the war, him and his wife committed suicide.
Mein Kamf
A book meaning “My Struggle” that Adolf Hitler wrote in prison which was about his idea of how to challenge the government without using violence, otherwise called the Legality Strategy
Platform
A formal set of principal goals which are supported by a political party or individual candidate, in order to appeal to the general public, for the ultimate purpose of garnering the general public’s support and votes about complicated topics or issues.
Holocaust
Systematic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews by the Nazi regime and its collaborators. Greek word meaning: “sacrifice by fire”
Genocide
The deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation
Concentration Camp
A camp created to confine large numbers of prisoners (including political opponents and those deemed racially inferior) in harsh and unhealthy conditions
Hate Crime
A hate crime is a crime motivated by bias against race, color, religion, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity or disability
Attack on Pearl Harbor
Attack on a major American naval base by the Japanese. This ended up dragging America into World War II and caused the Japanese American hate in America
Milgram Experiment
The experiment which was conducted to try to find out why the people who volunteered at the camps during the Holocaust were willing to kill the Jews. It was conducted with an actor and a stranger who thought they were doing a random experiment, not knowing that they were the ones being tested. The test was basically to see if the stranger would be willing to kill someone else when put under the pressure to do so. The results were that mostly yes, they would do it when put under pressure by authority.
Bashar al-Assad
The dictator is Syria that has been ruling since 2000. He has been fighting the rebels and their allies during Syria’s civil war. He has been bombing his own citizens and destroying his own country so he can have power over it. He is backed by Russia in the war.
Refugee
A refugee is someone who is forced to leave their home/country to seek asylum because of danger in their country. It could be a war, a natural disaster, anything that could put them in danger.
Refugee Camp
A refugee camp is a camp that most of the time is bunch of tents put together by a country so refugees can seek asylum in them when fleeing their country.
Barrel Bomb
A barrel bomb is a cheap bomb that Bashar al-Assad’s army made during the Syrian Civil War. It is an old oil tank filled with shrapnel, which then is dropped from a helicopter at high altitude, when it hits the ground, it goes nose first and detonates, causing an explosion, and shrapnel to fly everywhere in the surrounding area. The hope is that it injures/kills as many people as possible.
Holy City
A holy city is a city which has religious ties. One example is Jerusalem, which is a holy city for Christians, Jews, and Muslims.
Gaza Strip
One of the Palestinian regions that broke off from Israel and built a wall around itself to isolate because they wanted all of Israel to be Palestine. This region is poverty stricken, and led my the party named the Habas. This region relies on getting resources from the UN.
West Bank
The West Bank is the largest Palestinian region and holds Jerusalem inside of it. This region is more peaceful and wants to create peace with Israel. It is led by the Abas and is wealthier than it’s the Gaza Strip.
Mahsa Amini
Mahsa Amini was arrested by the morality police in Iran for not wearing her hijab correctly. She was then beaten and taken into custody, three days later dying. She is considered a martyr and her death has sparked protest around the world, but mainly in her home country, Iran. She is considered one of the most powerful women of 2022. She is now a global symbol for freedom.
Hijab
A hijab is a religious piece of clothing for Muslims. Girls wear this to cover their hair/head. In Iran, this is a requirement for this to be worn by women.
Theocracy
A theocracy is a type of government which is ruled by religion. Iran is an example of this type of government.
Morality Police
The morality police are a police force in Iran that makes sure that religious laws are being followed. They are the ones that killed Mahsa Amini.
Tehran
Tehran is the capital of Iran. After Mahsa Amini died here, many protests have erupted.
Ayatollah Ali Khamenei
This is the supreme ruler of Iran since 1989. He commands the Islamic Revolution Guard Corps (IRGC), who have opened fire on peaceful protests.
