History Flashcards
What 2 regions of Australia what phylloxera confined to in the late 19th Century?
-Victoria -a portion of New South Wales
Which state of Australia produces 50% of the nation’s wine?
South Australia
From the post-phylloxera period until the 1960’s, 80% of Australia’s wine production was what style?
Sweet, fortified
Australia is the ____ largest wine exporter in the world.
4th
What is CSIRO?
The Commonwealth of Scientic and Industrial Research Organization.
Who are “Flying Winemakers”?
Australian winemakers who rose to the forefront of: -viticultural innovation -utilized modern techniques of canopy management and soil mapping.
True or False: Chapitilization is not allowed in Australia.
True -grapes have no problem ripening
Name 3 vinification processes that are common at the mass-market level in Australia.
-cultured yeasts -acidification -micro-oxygenation
Is harvesting in Australia typically done by hand or mechanically?
Mechanically
Who developed the counter intuitive technique of minimal (zero) pruning and what effect did it have?
CSIRO it restricted vigor for Australia’s low cost vineyards.
What 2 GI’s account for nearly 40% of Australia’s wine production?
Riverland- South Australia Riverina-New South Wales
What viticultural too is used by winemakers due to the extremely harsh, dry climate?
Irrigation
Whatis a cause of precaution when utilizing irrigation?
Austrlia’s soils are high in saline
What assists in assuring Australian wine quality and brand consistency?
blending over vast tracts of land, often spread over several states
Who produced “Hill of Grace” Shiraz?
Henschke
Who produces “Octavius” Shiraz?
Yalumba old vines in Barossa Valley
Who is Max Schubert?
The winemaker who created “Grange” in 1951 at Penfolds
Who produced “Astralis” Shiraz?
Clarendon Hills in McLaren Vale, South Australia
Who produces “Run Rig” Shiraz?
Torbreck in Barossa Valley, South Australia
Name the 5 vintages affected by drought in Australia. Which one was the worst?
2003 2006 2007 2008 2009*(the worst)
What is significant about the 2009 vintage in Victoria?
In 2009, terrible brush fires wreaked havoc on vineyards in the Yarra Valley and other wine-producing regions in Victoria—a direct effect of the dry weather and one of the worst natural disasters in Australia’s history.
What is Wine Australia responsible for?
-regulating label language -defining geographical boundaries of wine regions -moderating exports and trade -product promotion domestically and abroad
In what year did wine Australia introduce the Label Integrity Program and what did it stipulate?
-199 vintage -required any wines labeled by variety, vintage or region to contain a minimum 85% of the stated year, grape, or region. -grapes must be listed in proportion of the blend
What are GI’s?
Regions in Australia defined by Wine Australia as Geographic Indications (GIs) as a means of formal appellation protection.
