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PSY 319 > History > Flashcards

History Flashcards

1
Q

The father of phrenology

A

Franz Joseph Gall

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2
Q

Globalism

A

The entire brain functions as a whole; no discrete functional units, cognitive functions are not localized

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3
Q

Localizationism

A

Brain has modular organization, functions are localized to discrete brain regions

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4
Q

Jean Pierre Flourens

A

charged with proving Gall wrong which he did by lesioning pigeon brains in different areas - not a lot of differences.Thus, he also popularized globalism

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5
Q

Noted seizures progressing through the body. Proposed topographic body map in brain (like a homunculus)

A

John Huglings Jackson

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6
Q

Broca’s area

A

frontal operculum (underneath temporal ctx)

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7
Q

Published a study on “tan”

A

Paul Broca

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8
Q

Fritsch and Hitzig

A

Identified the motor strip by stimulating dogs brains

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9
Q

Korbinian Brodmann

A

The guy who divided the brain into 52 regions based on cytoarchitechtonics

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10
Q

Cell types, density, layers, etc

A

Cytoarchitechtonics

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11
Q

Golgi and Cajal

A

Identified single neurons as functional units

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12
Q

Fechner, Helmholtz, and Wundt

A

Psychophysics - connecting perception to physical properties of stimuli

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13
Q

Behaviorism was pioneered by…

A

Pavlov, Skinner, Watson

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14
Q

Hebb proposed…

A

ALL behavior comes from physiology of brain

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15
Q

Claude Shannon

A

Math guy who proposed information theory (aka brain transmission)

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16
Q

Why is the “brain as a computer” model NOT good?

A

The brain is self-organizing, it does not store, manipulate, or retrieve info in the same way, and most importantly, brains are EMBODIED, neurons are non-linear and plastic

17
Q

the brain is organized according to these two principles

A

functionally separate brain areas process specialized information AND complex cognition arises from the interaction of these areas

18
Q

Why are small world networks good?

A

Less wiring costs (efficient) and this minimizes path length for info to travel

19
Q

Hubs provide…

A

most of the long-range connections

20
Q

Cognitive neuroscience

A

the question of how the functions of the brain lead to perceptions, thoughts, and ideas (ie BRAIN to MIND)

PSY 319 (13 decks)

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