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Y9 Geography History And English > History > Flashcards

History Flashcards

1
Q

Who were the earliest migrants to Britain?

A

The Celts

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2
Q

When did Celtic tribes arrive in Britain?

A

Around 500 BCE.

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3
Q

What were the Celts known for regarding personal care?

A

They kept themselves clean using special soaps and perfumes.

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4
Q

What role did druids play in Celtic society?

A

They led religious rituals.

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5
Q

What modern traditions have Celtic origins?

A
  • Halloween
  • May Day
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6
Q

What significant event occurred in 43 CE in Britain?

A

The Romans invaded and conquered many tribes.

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7
Q

How long did the Romans stay in Britain?

A

Around 400 years.

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8
Q

What is one legacy of Roman infrastructure in Britain?

A

Many roads are based on old Roman roads.

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9
Q

Name two Roman towns that are still important today.

A
  • Chester
  • York
  • Bath
  • Lincoln
  • Colchester
  • St Albans
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10
Q

What was the Roman name for Britain?

A

‘Britannia’.

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11
Q

What groups were the Romans who stayed in Britain?

A
  • Gauls
  • Germans
  • Hungarians
  • North Africans
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12
Q

What new things did the Romans introduce to Britain?

A
  • Peas
  • Wine
  • Grapes
  • Carrots
  • Cats
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13
Q

What were the names of the tribes living in Scotland during the Roman period?

A
  • Picts
  • Scotts
  • Britons
  • Angles
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14
Q

What tribes invaded Britain after the Romans?

A
  • Angles
  • Saxons
  • Jutes
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15
Q

What did the Anglo-Saxons worship before converting to Christianity?

A

Many gods.

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16
Q

Which days of the week are named after Anglo-Saxon gods?

A
  • Tiw = Tuesday
  • Woden = Wednesday
  • Thor = Thursday
  • Freya = Friday
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17
Q

What is the origin of the name ‘England’?

A

‘Angle-land’, meaning ‘land of the Angles’.

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18
Q

What suffixes often indicate Anglo-Saxon towns?

A
  • -ton
  • -wich
  • -worth
  • -burn
  • -hurst
  • -ham
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19
Q

What time period did the Vikings begin to invade Anglo-Saxon England?

A

Late eighth century.

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20
Q

What did the Vikings initially do when they arrived in Britain?

A

Raided the coast for treasures.

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21
Q

What year did Vikings begin to settle in Britain?

A

865 CE.

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22
Q

What was the outcome of the conflicts between Anglo-Saxons and Vikings?

A

They became neighbors and eventually lived in peace.

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23
Q

Who was the king of a united England in the mid-1000s?

A

Edward the Confessor.

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24
Q

What year did the Normans invade England?

A

1066.

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25
Q

What was one major contribution of the Normans to the English language?

A

Over 10,000 words, such as ‘royal’, ‘city’, and ‘soldier’.

26
Q

What did the Normans introduce to Britain besides language?

A
  • New laws
  • Traditions
  • Customs
27
Q

Fill in the blank: The British Isles lie off the north-west corner of _______.

A

mainland Europe.

28
Q

True or False: The name ‘Pretannia’ was used by the Romans to refer to Britain.

A

False.

29
Q

What event marked the arrival of the Windrush generation in Britain?

A

The Empire Windrush landed at Tilbury Docks on 22 June 1948.

30
Q

Define the term ‘Windrush generation’.

A

‘Windrush generation’ refers to the Caribbean migrants who arrived in Britain aboard the Empire Windrush in 1948.

31
Q

Why did many Caribbean people migrate to Britain after World War II?

A

They sought new opportunities due to poverty and hardship in the Caribbean.

32
Q

What was a significant reason for the labor shortage in post-war Britain?

A

Many British people had migrated to countries like Canada and Australia for better opportunities.

33
Q

What did the British Nationality Act of July 1948 clarify?

A

It clarified the right of people in the Commonwealth to live permanently and work in Britain.

34
Q

List some of the sectors in Britain that needed workers after World War II.

A
  • National Health Service (NHS)
  • Transport system
  • Rebuilding cities
35
Q

True or False: The arrival of the Empire Windrush was met with universal acceptance in Britain.

A

False

36
Q

What were some professions of the passengers aboard the Empire Windrush?

A
  • Apprentice accountant
  • Farm worker
  • Tailor
  • Boxer
  • Mechanic
  • Singer
  • Law student
37
Q

Fill in the blank: The term ‘_______’ was used at the time to describe Black people but is considered offensive today.

A

[coloured]

38
Q

What was one of the main reasons the passengers left their homes in the Caribbean?

A

Lack of work opportunities.

39
Q

According to an immigrant, why should there be no objection to their arrival in Britain?

A

They are British subjects.

40
Q

What did the arrival of the Empire Windrush signify for British society?

A

It marked the beginning of significant Caribbean migration to Britain.

41
Q

What was a common sentiment among Caribbean migrants about Britain?

A

They were taught that Britain was the ‘mother country’ where they would feel supported.

42
Q

What type of workers did the NHS and other sectors encourage to migrate from the Caribbean?

A

Skilled and unskilled workers.

43
Q

List reasons why people from the Caribbean may have chosen to come to Britain after the Second World War.

A
  • Economic opportunities
  • Educational prospects
  • Support from the British Empire
  • Employment in rebuilding efforts
44
Q

What was the primary goal of European leaders after World War II?

A

To avoid another large-scale war by fostering cooperation among countries.

45
Q

What was established in 1957 to promote economic collaboration in Europe?

A

The European Economic Community (EEC).

46
Q

What treaty transformed the EEC into the European Union (EU)?

A

The Maastricht Treaty in 1992.

47
Q

What right was established for citizens of EU member states by the Maastricht Treaty?

A

The right to work and settle in another member state.

48
Q

When did Britain join the European Economic Community (EEC)?

A

In 1973.

49
Q

How many countries were in the EEC by the late 1980s?

A

12 countries.

50
Q

Which countries joined the EU on the same day in 2004?

A

Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia.

51
Q

How many Eastern European migrants came to Britain between 2004 and 2008?

A

Around 750,000.

52
Q

What types of jobs did many Eastern European migrants find in Britain?

A

Jobs on farms, building sites, in shops, hotels, and highly skilled positions.

53
Q

What economic benefits did Eastern European migrants bring to Britain?

A

They spent wages, started businesses, and paid taxes.

54
Q

True or False: Migration from EU countries has only had positive impacts on Britain.

A

False.

55
Q

Fill in the blank: The largest group of new EU migrants into Britain were from _______.

A

Poland.

56
Q

What concerns arose in towns and villages with higher numbers of migrants?

A

Concerns about the impact on local services, such as schools.

57
Q

What impact did migration have on the Polish economy?

A

Money sent back to Poland helped the Polish economy.

58
Q

What was a negative effect of migration on Poland?

A

There are fewer skilled workers in Poland.

59
Q

What demographic change occurred in Poland due to emigration?

A

Poland’s population is ageing.

60
Q

What was a common issue with government planning for local services in relation to migration?

A

Use of out-of-date population data.

61
Q

Fill in the blank: Many Eastern European EU migrants earned _______ than they did in their home countries.

A

far more.

62
Q

What was a key statement made by foreign ministers from EU accession countries regarding Eastern European immigrants?

A

They add far more to the UK economy than they take out.

Y9 Geography History And English (5 decks)

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