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Christian 7th Grade > History 1491-1754 > Flashcards

History 1491-1754 Flashcards

1
Q

Silk Road

A

Trade route from China to The Middle East which increased trade b/w them.
They mostly traded spices, metals and silk.

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2
Q

Renaissance

A

The Rebirth.
In Europe when there was a revolution in art and knowledge, music, science.
Followed the Crusades.

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3
Q

Animism

A

The belief that everything in nature has a spirit

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4
Q

Political structure of Native Americans

A

Chiefs rule, if tribes are similar they will form a confederacy

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5
Q

Family tribal structure of native americans

A

Matriarchal family structure, patriarchal tribal structure

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6
Q

Agriculture of native americans

A

The three sisters which consist maize, beans, and squash. Men went hunting while women stayed home and picked fruit. Why they used three sisters to conserve land

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7
Q

Aztecs

A

Capital city tenochitalan.
central Mexico
Tenochitalan consisted of over 2000 people.
Conquered a Spanish conquistador named Hernandez Cortes

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8
Q

Incas

A

Capital Cuzco, Peru
Lived in western South America.
Main city machu pichu

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9
Q

Great Plains Native Americans

A

Very mobile, low food supply, they followed the buffalo for food, built tepees

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10
Q

North west Native Americans

A

Not mobile, high food supply, built houses

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11
Q

South west Native Americans

A

Adobe houses, Adobe kept the insides of the houses very cool, not mobile

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12
Q

South east Native Americans

A

They live in Georgia, not mobile, canoes to navigate through the swamps

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13
Q

North east Native Americans

A

Long houses, high food supply stationary, also used canoes to navigate through swamps

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14
Q

Christopher Columbus

A 
Head west not east.
funded by Spain. 
Took advantage of the Taino Indians 
took him six weeks, 
lands on hispoanionla
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15
Q

who is Hernando Cortes?

A

A Conquistador
1519 conquered the Aztecs
had guns, horses and brought diseases that killed the Aztecs
600 men vs all the Aztec warriors, winners Aztecs

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16
Q

Conquistadors

A

Portuguese and Spanish conquerors or soldiers. During the age of discovery, Conquistadors sailed to America, Oceana, Africa and Asia conquering territory and establishing trade routes.
They Conquered much of the world for Spain and Portugal in the 16th and 17th centuries.

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17
Q

Crusades

A

When Christian Europe wanted Jerusalem back from the Muslims

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18
Q

Eco mierdernos

A

Responsible for training Indians to christrianity,mayors,also early from slavery

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19
Q

corporate colonies

A

corporate colonies got a charter to create a colony in America they were sponsored by a company they would later sell them or go under and the Royales would take them over

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20
Q

propietary colonies

A

they were run by individuals, in when the individuals die the king or the queen would take them over.

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21
Q

Royal colonies

A

run by king and queen, where in the ruler of the proprietary colonies or the corporate colonies die the king and queen would take them over

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22
Q

Spanish colonies

A

they would convert all Indians to Christianity the exploited the Native Americans and they would allow intermarriage and their colonies are based on conversion and settlement

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23
Q

French colonies

A

based on trade if you Europeans were allowed allowed in a marriage and also only sent men

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24
Q

English colonies

A

based on settlement
sent families
allowed no intermarriage
there was a rigid racial hierarchy
Native Americans were not incorporated in society
they had little prayed with the native Americans

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25
Q

Roanoke colony

A

Sir Walter Raleigh was the proprietor John white he lived in the colony leader of the colony John White left for supplies three years later everyone was gone Croatoan was written on a nearby tree

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26
Q

Jamestown Virginia

A

horrible location
no collective goal for the society
very greedy
half died for the first winter

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27
Q

anglo-powhaton war

A

John Smith good leader good connections Jonrose married Pocahontas peace treaty 1646 the Native American surrender in 1646

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28
Q

Massachusetts colony

A

founded by Puritan
mayflower compact all man sorry to agree to build a colony
in 1629 a royal charter was recived
John Winthrop Puritan lawyer create a city upon a hill which is a famous poem

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29
Q

name four characteristics of the Puritans.

A 
strong emphasis on heaven.
god's grace will get them to heaven
holiness leads to the ultimate happiness 
work ethic very important
rigid laws 
focus on community
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30
Q

Maryland

A

founded by Lord Baltimore in 1634
main religion Catholicism
The toleration act of 1649 insured that all religions were accepted.

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31
Q

Carolinas

A

North Carolina was founded in 1653.
South Carolina was founded in 1670.
Rice was the main crap

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32
Q

Pennsylvania

A

founded by William Penn in 1681

a holy experiment

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33
Q

Georgia

A

established in 1733
founded as a prisoner colony by the English
acted as a buffer zone between the Spanish colony of Florida

34
Q

colonial America government

A 
governed by counsel
pseudo-democracy
Real power resides in England
no control resided in the colonies
white man could vote
35
Q

colonial America daily life

A

Women had an average of eight children.
They were also responsible for producing other things in the colonies.
- gathering berries, making clothes, create wool cloth
Social mobility was a lot easier.

36
Q

colonial America mercantilism

A

English government regulated the economy in order to increase national power which came at the expense of the colonies

37
Q

colonial America navigation act of 1650

A

all products produced in the colonies were shipped to England first and then traded to other countries

38
Q

slave trade

A

English explored Africa and found that Africans were mean to malaria and other diseases

39
Q

when was the Spanish conquest.

A

1492 to 1588

armada was destroyed

40
Q

triangular trade

A

‘Triangular trade is a historical term indicating trade among three ports or regions.
Triangular trade usually evolves when a region has goods to export that are not required in the region from which its major [[import]]s come.

41
Q

In the triangular trade between america, England and Africa, what was Africa’s major export?

A

slaves

42
Q

in the trade triangle england exported mostly

A

cloth, rum, goods to Africa

43
Q

in the trade triangle the americas exported mostly

A

sugar, cotton, tobacco to Europe

44
Q

there were actually two trade triangles. name the three countries in each

A
  1. new England, Africa, Caribbean

2. england, Africa, americas

45
Q

how many slaves were taken out of africa?

A

10-12 million

46
Q

how many slaves made it to the Americas?

A

8-11 million

47
Q

what happened to the slaves that didnt make it?

A

14% (more than a million) died en route during the middle passage

48
Q

where were the africans taken

A

americas
brazil
west indies

49
Q

what is the middle passage.

A 
the crossing between Africa and the Americas
atlantic Ocean
took 3-6 weeks
slaves were packed tightly on the ships
not enough supplies
stagnant conditions
14% death rate
the dead were thrown overboard
50
Q

where was the harvesting work the easiest?

A

in the Virginia because they were harvesting tobacco

51
Q

what two places were the harvesting conditions the worst?

A

in the West Indies harvesting sugar cane and in carolinas harvesting rice

52
Q

Pequot War took place in what year?

A

1637

53
Q

who were the Pequot?

A

Native Americans in southern new england who also had an alliance with the Dutch

54
Q

what was the Pequot War?

A

an armed conflict between the that Pequot tried and an alliance of the English colonists of messages they Plymouth saber colonies and their Native American allies.

55
Q

Who won the Pequot war

A

The colonists won the Pequot war
several hundred Pequots have been killed or taken into captivity. Hundreds of prisoners were sold in slavery to the west Indies.

56
Q

give four examples of colonial instability

A

The Pequot war 1637
Bacons rebellion 1675
king Phillips war 1675
the stono (Catos Conspiracy)rebellion of 1739

57
Q

what was the Stono rebellion

A

Took place in 1739.
It’s also called Cato’s conspiracy.
It was a slave rebellion in the South Carolina colony.
It was the largest say black slave uprising in the British mainly colonies 21 White and 44 black skilled

58
Q

what was the Negro act of 1740

A

it was in response to the Stono rebellion
it restricted slave assembly education and movement.
It also enacted a ten year ban on importing African slaves.
It also establish penalties against slaveholders for harsh treatment of slaves.

59
Q

what was Bacons rebellion

A

it took place in 1675.
It was an armed rebellion in Virginia.
The settlers attacked the rule of Governor William Berkeley.
It concerned the unfair distribution of wealth.
It was the first rebellion in the American colonies

60
Q

what was king Phillips war

A

it happened in 1675.
It happened in new England.
It was a rebellion between the Native Americans and the new England colonists.
The leader of the wampanoag tribe took the name of king Phillip in honor of there paceful allegiance with the first pilgrims.
In less than a year 12 the regions towns were destroyed the colonies economy was ruined and it’s population was murdered

61
Q

what was the great awakening?

A

An evangelical religious movement in Europe and the American colonies.
a church revival
personal salvation by Jesus Christ
Emphasis on sin, eternal judgemeny, saved by god’s goodness, personal faith

1730s-1740s
Began with the great Puritan migration between 1630 and 1640.
- 20,000 Puritans move to the counties.
-There was a state church culture.

62
Q

what were the religious aspect of the great awakening?

A

Religious Effects: emotionalism, decentralization of authority, personal Bible study, a personal relationship with God.

63
Q

what were the political effects of the great awakening?

A

It crossed racial and economic boundaries
encourage unity as Americans
a democratization of authority
a challenge of authority

64
Q

what were the teachings of the great awakening?

A

an emphasis on sin and Eternal judgment.
Savior by God’s goodness
spiritual revival
personal Faith

65
Q

when were the Salem witch trials

A

1692

66
Q

where were the Salem witch trials

A

Salem, Massachusetts

67
Q

how many people were put to death in the Salem witch trials?

A

14 women. Five men. They were all hanged.

68
Q

Who was cotton Mather?

A

he was a minister and lawyer who believed that the devils work existed in Salem.

69
Q

Who was to Tituba in the Salem witch trials?

A

she was a slave woman who is one of the first to be accused of practicing witchcraft during the Salem witch trials.

70
Q

New Spain

A

established by Spain following the conquest of the Aztec empire in 1521. It comprised Mexico, Central America, and much of the south western and central United States Spanish Florida and eventually the Philippines. The county was governed by the Viceroy of new Spain.
the capital was Mexico City

71
Q

smallpox

A

A disease wrong with the conquistadors to the New World they killed the native Americans like the Aztecs

72
Q

name three events that were a factor for European expansion

A

crusades. Trading on silk Road. Renessance technology.

73
Q

how did the three sisters and native American agriculture?

A

they use a small amount of resources

74
Q

what were the three sisters in regards to Native American and agriculture

A

beans. Squash. Corn.

75
Q

Tenochitlan was the Capital of which empire?

A

aztec

76
Q

small pox that the following death rate on the Native Americans

A

90 to 95%

77
Q

Spanish conquistador conquered the Aztec empire

A

Hernando Cortes

78
Q

what is the Columbian exchange

A

The trade triangle between the Americas England Africa and the Caribbean

79
Q

List three goods that were transported or traded from the Americas to England

A

horses, pigs, cows, sugar, rice, potatoes,

80
Q

name the main export from Africa to the Americas

A

slaves

Christian 7th Grade (8 decks)

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