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Christian 7th Grade > History 1491-1754 > Flashcards

History 1491-1754 Flashcards

1
Q

Silk Road

A

Trade route from China to The Middle East which increased trade b/w them.
They mostly traded spices, metals and silk.

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2
Q

Renaissance

A

The Rebirth.
In Europe when there was a revolution in art and knowledge, music, science.
Followed the Crusades.

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3
Q

Animism

A

The belief that everything in nature has a spirit

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4
Q

Political structure of Native Americans

A

Chiefs rule, if tribes are similar they will form a confederacy

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5
Q

Family tribal structure of native americans

A

Matriarchal family structure, patriarchal tribal structure

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6
Q

Agriculture of native americans

A

The three sisters which consist maize, beans, and squash. Men went hunting while women stayed home and picked fruit. Why they used three sisters to conserve land

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7
Q

Aztecs

A

Capital city tenochitalan.
central Mexico
Tenochitalan consisted of over 2000 people.
Conquered a Spanish conquistador named Hernandez Cortes

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8
Q

Incas

A

Capital Cuzco, Peru
Lived in western South America.
Main city machu pichu

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9
Q

Great Plains Native Americans

A

Very mobile, low food supply, they followed the buffalo for food, built tepees

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10
Q

North west Native Americans

A

Not mobile, high food supply, built houses

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11
Q

South west Native Americans

A

Adobe houses, Adobe kept the insides of the houses very cool, not mobile

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12
Q

South east Native Americans

A

They live in Georgia, not mobile, canoes to navigate through the swamps

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13
Q

North east Native Americans

A

Long houses, high food supply stationary, also used canoes to navigate through swamps

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14
Q

Christopher Columbus

A 
Head west not east.
funded by Spain. 
Took advantage of the Taino Indians 
took him six weeks, 
lands on hispoanionla
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15
Q

who is Hernando Cortes?

A

A Conquistador
1519 conquered the Aztecs
had guns, horses and brought diseases that killed the Aztecs
600 men vs all the Aztec warriors, winners Aztecs

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16
Q

Conquistadors

A

Portuguese and Spanish conquerors or soldiers. During the age of discovery, Conquistadors sailed to America, Oceana, Africa and Asia conquering territory and establishing trade routes.
They Conquered much of the world for Spain and Portugal in the 16th and 17th centuries.

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17
Q

Crusades

A

When Christian Europe wanted Jerusalem back from the Muslims

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18
Q

Eco mierdernos

A

Responsible for training Indians to christrianity,mayors,also early from slavery

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19
Q

corporate colonies

A

corporate colonies got a charter to create a colony in America they were sponsored by a company they would later sell them or go under and the Royales would take them over

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20
Q

propietary colonies

A

they were run by individuals, in when the individuals die the king or the queen would take them over.

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21
Q

Royal colonies

A

run by king and queen, where in the ruler of the proprietary colonies or the corporate colonies die the king and queen would take them over

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22
Q

Spanish colonies

A

they would convert all Indians to Christianity the exploited the Native Americans and they would allow intermarriage and their colonies are based on conversion and settlement

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23
Q

French colonies

A

based on trade if you Europeans were allowed allowed in a marriage and also only sent men

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24
Q

English colonies

A

based on settlement
sent families
allowed no intermarriage
there was a rigid racial hierarchy
Native Americans were not incorporated in society
they had little prayed with the native Americans

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25
Roanoke colony
Sir Walter Raleigh was the proprietor John white he lived in the colony leader of the colony John White left for supplies three years later everyone was gone Croatoan was written on a nearby tree
26
Jamestown Virginia
horrible location no collective goal for the society very greedy half died for the first winter
27
anglo-powhaton war
John Smith good leader good connections Jonrose married Pocahontas peace treaty 1646 the Native American surrender in 1646
28
Massachusetts colony
founded by Puritan mayflower compact all man sorry to agree to build a colony in 1629 a royal charter was recived John Winthrop Puritan lawyer create a city upon a hill which is a famous poem
29
name four characteristics of the Puritans.
``` strong emphasis on heaven. god's grace will get them to heaven holiness leads to the ultimate happiness work ethic very important rigid laws focus on community ```
30
Maryland
founded by Lord Baltimore in 1634 main religion Catholicism The toleration act of 1649 insured that all religions were accepted.
31
Carolinas
North Carolina was founded in 1653. South Carolina was founded in 1670. Rice was the main crap
32
Pennsylvania
founded by William Penn in 1681 | a holy experiment
33
Georgia
established in 1733 founded as a prisoner colony by the English acted as a buffer zone between the Spanish colony of Florida
34
colonial America government
``` governed by counsel pseudo-democracy Real power resides in England no control resided in the colonies white man could vote ```
35
colonial America daily life
Women had an average of eight children. They were also responsible for producing other things in the colonies. - gathering berries, making clothes, create wool cloth Social mobility was a lot easier.
36
colonial America mercantilism
English government regulated the economy in order to increase national power which came at the expense of the colonies
37
colonial America navigation act of 1650
all products produced in the colonies were shipped to England first and then traded to other countries
38
slave trade
English explored Africa and found that Africans were mean to malaria and other diseases
39
when was the Spanish conquest.
1492 to 1588 | armada was destroyed
40
triangular trade
'Triangular trade is a historical term indicating trade among three ports or regions. Triangular trade usually evolves when a region has goods to export that are not required in the region from which its major [[import]]s come.
41
In the triangular trade between america, England and Africa, what was Africa's major export?
slaves
42
in the trade triangle england exported mostly
cloth, rum, goods to Africa
43
in the trade triangle the americas exported mostly
sugar, cotton, tobacco to Europe
44
there were actually two trade triangles. name the three countries in each
1. new England, Africa, Caribbean | 2. england, Africa, americas
45
how many slaves were taken out of africa?
10-12 million
46
how many slaves made it to the Americas?
8-11 million
47
what happened to the slaves that didnt make it?
14% (more than a million) died en route during the middle passage
48
where were the africans taken
americas brazil west indies
49
what is the middle passage.
``` the crossing between Africa and the Americas atlantic Ocean took 3-6 weeks slaves were packed tightly on the ships not enough supplies stagnant conditions 14% death rate the dead were thrown overboard ```
50
where was the harvesting work the easiest?
in the Virginia because they were harvesting tobacco
51
what two places were the harvesting conditions the worst?
in the West Indies harvesting sugar cane and in carolinas harvesting rice
52
Pequot War took place in what year?
1637
53
who were the Pequot?
Native Americans in southern new england who also had an alliance with the Dutch
54
what was the Pequot War?
an armed conflict between the that Pequot tried and an alliance of the English colonists of messages they Plymouth saber colonies and their Native American allies.
55
Who won the Pequot war
The colonists won the Pequot war several hundred Pequots have been killed or taken into captivity. Hundreds of prisoners were sold in slavery to the west Indies.
56
give four examples of colonial instability
The Pequot war 1637 Bacons rebellion 1675 king Phillips war 1675 the stono (Catos Conspiracy)rebellion of 1739
57
what was the Stono rebellion
Took place in 1739. It's also called Cato's conspiracy. It was a slave rebellion in the South Carolina colony. It was the largest say black slave uprising in the British mainly colonies 21 White and 44 black skilled
58
what was the Negro act of 1740
it was in response to the Stono rebellion it restricted slave assembly education and movement. It also enacted a ten year ban on importing African slaves. It also establish penalties against slaveholders for harsh treatment of slaves.
59
what was Bacons rebellion
it took place in 1675. It was an armed rebellion in Virginia. The settlers attacked the rule of Governor William Berkeley. It concerned the unfair distribution of wealth. It was the first rebellion in the American colonies
60
what was king Phillips war
it happened in 1675. It happened in new England. It was a rebellion between the Native Americans and the new England colonists. The leader of the wampanoag tribe took the name of king Phillip in honor of there paceful allegiance with the first pilgrims. In less than a year 12 the regions towns were destroyed the colonies economy was ruined and it's population was murdered
61
what was the great awakening?
An evangelical religious movement in Europe and the American colonies. a church revival personal salvation by Jesus Christ Emphasis on sin, eternal judgemeny, saved by god's goodness, personal faith 1730s-1740s Began with the great Puritan migration between 1630 and 1640. - 20,000 Puritans move to the counties. -There was a state church culture.
62
what were the religious aspect of the great awakening?
Religious Effects: emotionalism, decentralization of authority, personal Bible study, a personal relationship with God.
63
what were the political effects of the great awakening?
It crossed racial and economic boundaries encourage unity as Americans a democratization of authority a challenge of authority
64
what were the teachings of the great awakening?
an emphasis on sin and Eternal judgment. Savior by God's goodness spiritual revival personal Faith
65
when were the Salem witch trials
1692
66
where were the Salem witch trials
Salem, Massachusetts
67
how many people were put to death in the Salem witch trials?
14 women. Five men. They were all hanged.
68
Who was cotton Mather?
he was a minister and lawyer who believed that the devils work existed in Salem.
69
Who was to Tituba in the Salem witch trials?
she was a slave woman who is one of the first to be accused of practicing witchcraft during the Salem witch trials.
70
New Spain
established by Spain following the conquest of the Aztec empire in 1521. It comprised Mexico, Central America, and much of the south western and central United States Spanish Florida and eventually the Philippines. The county was governed by the Viceroy of new Spain. the capital was Mexico City
71
smallpox
A disease wrong with the conquistadors to the New World they killed the native Americans like the Aztecs
72
name three events that were a factor for European expansion
crusades. Trading on silk Road. Renessance technology.
73
how did the three sisters and native American agriculture?
they use a small amount of resources
74
what were the three sisters in regards to Native American and agriculture
beans. Squash. Corn.
75
Tenochitlan was the Capital of which empire?
aztec
76
small pox that the following death rate on the Native Americans
90 to 95%
77
Spanish conquistador conquered the Aztec empire
Hernando Cortes
78
what is the Columbian exchange
The trade triangle between the Americas England Africa and the Caribbean
79
List three goods that were transported or traded from the Americas to England
horses, pigs, cows, sugar, rice, potatoes,
80
name the main export from Africa to the Americas
slaves

Christian 7th Grade (8 decks)

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