History Flashcards
Who were the Iroquois?
They were farmers and hunters
Who were the Cree and Dene of the Northwest?
They were hunter gatherers
Who were the Sioux?
Nomadic following bison (buffalo) herd
How did the west coast natives preserve fish?
Through drying and smoking
Did Aboriginals and Europeans form a strong economic, religious and military bond in the first 200 years of co-existence which laid the foundations of Canada?
True
Who were the first Europeans in Canada?
The Vikings from Iceland
What is the remains of the Viking settlement called?
L’Anse aux meadows
Who was the first to draw the map of Canada’s east cost?
John Cabot
Who was the first European to explore the St. Lawrence river and to set eyes on present day Quebec city and Montreal?
Jacques Cartier
Who were the first European settlers?
Pierre de Monts and Samuel de Champlain
What are the first 4 first nations of confederations?
Algonquin, Montagnais, Huron and Iroquois
What did the French and Aboriginal people collaborate on?
Fur trade
When did the British defeat the French?
In 1759 in the battle of the plains of Abraham at Quebec City, marking the end of France’s empire in America
What is the Quebec Act?
The Quebec Act of 1744 restored the French civil law while maintaining the British criminal law
Who are loyalists?
People loyal to the crown
Who is Joseph Brant?
He led thousands of loyalist Mohawk Indians to Canada
What constitutional Act divided the province of Quebec into upper (Ontario) and lower (Quebec) Canada?
The Constitutional Act of 1791
Who was Upper Canada’s first lieutenant governor and founder of the city of York (Toronto)?
Lt. Colonel John Graves Simcoe
What is the underground railroad?
A Christian anti-slavery network where slaves escaped into Canada from the United States following the North Star
Who was the first woman publisher in Canada?
Mary Ann Shadd Cary and she was against slavery
What is the name of the first company in Canada?
The Hudson bay for fur trade
When did the Montreal stock exchange open?
1832
What did Charles de Salaberry do?
He turned back 4,000 American Invaders at Chateauguay
What did Sir Isaac Brook and Chief Tecumseh do?
They led Canada’s defence against the Americans
What did Robert Ross do?
Ross led the expedition that burned down the white house and other public buildings
Who played a direct role in the founding of the National Capital Ottawa?
Duke Wellington
Who is Laura Secord?
A woman who ran by feet miles to alert James FitzGibbon of the planned America attack.
She contributed to the Victory at the Battle of Beaver Dams
Who recommended upper and lower Canada be merged and given a responsible government?
Lord Durham
What is a responsible government?
The ministers of the Crown must have the support of a majority of the elected representatives in order to govern
When was the Dominion of Canada established?
July 1 1867
Who became the first head of a responsible government?
Sir Louis-Hippolyte La Fointaine in 1849
Who was the first British North American Colony to attain full responsible government?
Nova Scotia
Who introduced the responsible government?
Lord Elgin
Who suggested the phrase sea to sea for the Dominion of Canada?
Leonard Tilley
What provinces made up the dominion of Canada?
Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec
When was the last year of dominion date?
1982
When was the British North American Act?
1867
Who assigned the colours red and white to the Dominion of Canada?
King George V in 1921
Who was Canada’s first prime minister?
Sir John Alexander Macdonald
Who is on the $10 bill?
Sir John Alexander Macdonald
Who was the key architect of confederation from Quebec?
George Etienne Cartier
Who was Louis Riel?
Metis and founding father of Manitoba
When was the NWMP established and by who?
1873 to pacify the west by Macdonald
Who was the Metis greatest soldier?
Gabriel Dumont
Who was a great frontier hero, mounted policeman and soldier of the queen?
Sir Sam Steele
When was the powerful symbol of unity completed?
Nov. 7 1885 by Donald Smith (Lord Strathcona) when he drove the last spike
What is head tax?
A race based entry fee
When did the govt. apologize for the discrimination?
2006
Who is on the $5 bill and the first French Canadian prime minister
Sir Wilfrid Laurier
What is the South African war?
The Boer war
What happened in April 9 1917? Vimy day
Canadian Corps Captured Vimy Ridge. First British Victory of the first world war
Who was Canada’s greatest solder?
Sir Arthur Currie
Who was the first woman MP in 1921?
Agnes Macphail
What is the suffrage movement?
This is the effort by women to achieve the right to vote led by DR. Emily Stowe who was also the first Canadian woman to practise medicine
Who was the first province to grant voting rights to women in 1916?
Manitoba
When were women allowed to vote federally?
1917 by Sir Robert Borden
Who was an expert for tropical diseases?
Phil Edwards
When was the bank of Canada Created?
In 1934, to manage money supply and bring stability to the financial system
When is the D-Day Invasion?
June 6, 1944
When was the birth of a Nation witnessed?
April 9 as Vimy day
What happened at the end of the second war to Canada?
Canada had the 3rd largest navy in the world
