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UPSC2022 > History > Flashcards

History Flashcards

1
Q

Name some important Jain pilgrimage sites in India?

A
  1. Gomateshwara temple
  2. Dilwara temple
  3. Hanumantal temple
  4. Palitana temple

Sonagiri temple, Madhya Pradesh

Kulpakji Temple, Telangana, also known as Konalupaka Jain temple,

Dharmanath Temple, Kerala: the temple derives its name from the 15th Tirthankara – Dharmanath

Ranakpur Jain temple is a holy pilgrimage for Jains in India. It lies amid the Aravalli hills, in the Pali district of Rajasthan.

The oldest Jain temple in Delhi, Shri Digambar Jain Lal Mandir is one of the holiest temples in India.

Shikharji Temple, Jharkhand:

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2
Q

———— inscription of Kharavela of Kalinga refers to conquest of Kalinga by Nanda’s

A

Hathigumpha

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3
Q

________ was the founder of the imperial chola line

A

Vijayalaya

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4
Q

__________ founded the city of gangaikondacholapuram and constructed the famous rajesvaram temple there

A

Rajendra I

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5
Q

In medieval india, uluq and dawa were

A

Postal system

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6
Q

_________ composed pancha siddhantika, the five astronomical systems

A

Varahamihira

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7
Q

Allahabad pillar Inscription is also known as

A

Prayag prashasti

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8
Q

Prayag Prashasti was Composed by – the court poet of –

A

Harisena

Samudragupta

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9
Q

The first coins to bear the names and images of rulers were issued by the

A

Indo Greeks

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10
Q

The first gold coins were issued by – in – century CE

A

Kushans

1st

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11
Q

During Akbar’s reign

– Is a land which was annually cultivated for each crop in succession and is never allowed to lie fallow

A

Polaj

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12
Q

During Akbar’s reign– Is land left out of cultivation for a time so that it may recover its strength

A

Parauti

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13
Q

During Akbar’s reign

– Is land that has Lain fellow for three or four years

A

Chachar

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14
Q

During Akbar’s reign

Aesha is land uncultivated for five or more years

A

Banjar

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15
Q

The aihole inscription was written in – language in – script

A

Sanskrit

Kannada

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16
Q

Sangam literature comprises about 30,000 lines of poetry arranged in eight anthologies called

A

Ettutokai

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17
Q

Which Animals are depicted on the Pashupati seal

A

Elephant and tiger or depicted to the right side of the seated figure on the left a rhinoceros and a buffalo or seen. In addition to antelopes also shown below the seat

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18
Q

– As the capital city of Gauri Dynesty founded by Hoshang Shah acquired a lot of fame

A

The city of Mandu

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19
Q

In Haripala’s ———— written in 14th century the terms Carnatic and Hindustani Are found for the first time

A

Sangeeta sudhakara

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20
Q

Hindola mahal, jahaaz mahal and rani Rupmati’s double pavilion are associated with with which architectural style

A

Mandu style

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21
Q

_____________ derives it’s textual sanction fro Balhara a bharatam and hastkakshana Deepika

A

Kathakali

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22
Q

_____ are famous for hathigumpha inscription, carved out in Brahmi script

A

Udaygiri caves

Military campaigns of king kharavela

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23
Q

__________ preached dvaita or dualism

A

Madhavarchaya

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24
Q

________ consolidated the doctrine of advaita Vedanta

A

Shankarcharya

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25
Q

________ was the propagated of vishishtadvaita Vedanta or qualified monism

A

Ramunajarcharya

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26
Q

_________ school founded by makkhali goshala revolves around niyati doctrine of absolute determinism

A

Ajivika

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27
Q

________ is a small site located near the confluence of the Oxus and its tributary, the Kokcha, in north-east Afghanistan. The discovery of multiple Harappan artifacts and manufacturing techniques proves that this site belongs to the Harappan civilization. The most important evidence of trade with Afghanistan comes from this isolated trading outpost.

A

Shortughai

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28
Q

The English opened their first factory in ———— in 1611.

A

the South at Masulipatnam

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29
Q

The judicial system was systematically established by ——- in 1793. He established a Diwani Adalat, or a civil court in each district, presided over by the district judge. The posts of civil Judge and the collector were separated. Appeals from the district court lay first to four provincial courts of civil appeal and then finally to the Sardar diwani adalat.

A

Cornwallis

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30
Q

In 1831,——- abolished the provincial court of appeal and circuit courts.

A

William Bentinck

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31
Q

Majnum Shah, Chirag Ali, Moosa Shah, Bavani Pathak and Debi Chaudhurani were important leaders. Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay wrote a semi-historical novel ‘Anandmath’ on the ——- revolt. He also wrote a novel, ‘Debi chaudhuarni’, as he saw the importance of women taking up the struggle against the british.

A

sanyasi

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32
Q

In order to prevent the drain on the Indian economy a royal commission was set up on Indian expenditure named the

A

Welby Commission.

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33
Q

….. was a 13th-century ruler who founded the Ahom kingdom that ruled Assam for six centuries (1228–1826). The Ahoms migrated to the Brahmaputra valley from present-day Myanmar. They created a new state by suppressing the older political system of the bhuiyans (landlords).

A

Chaolung Sukapha

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34
Q

…. were a compendium of secular decrees issued by Muslim rulers in India.

A

Zawabit

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35
Q

……. is a beautiful stone platform located within the Royal enclosure at Hampi. It was built during the Vijayanagara period by king Krishna Deva Raya to commemorate his victory over Udaygiri (Odisha).

A

Mahanavami dibba or dasara dibba

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36
Q

Ashokan Pillars are made of sandstone quarried at……. . They are considered to be monoliths, that is, carved out of a single piece of stone. The pillars have a lustrous, polished surface. They do not have a base, and the plain, smooth circular shaft tapers slightly upwards to a height of 12–14 m. A cylindrical bolt joins the top of the shaft to the ‘capital’—a stone carved in the shape of an inverted lotus (often referred to as the ‘bell capital’)

A

Chunar

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37
Q

The Maurya period saw the beginning of …… The Barabar and Nagarjuni hills contain several caves that were inhabited by ascetics in ancient times. Three caves in the Barabar hills have dedicatory inscriptions of Ashoka, and three in the Nagarjuni hills have inscriptions of his son Dasharatha.

A

rock-cut architecture.

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38
Q

……. was an accomplished warrior who led many successful military expeditions. He had his army march northwards, all the way to the Ganga, to bring home pots of holy water from the river. Defeating enemy armies along the way, his men returned victorious, earning Rajendra the title ‘Gangaikondachola’, meaning ‘the Chola who conquered the Ganges’ He built a great city called Gangaikondacholapauram and a Shiva temple Gangaikondacholisvarar and a lake CholaGangam in commemoration of his victory over the Gangetic plains in CE 1023.

A

Rajendra I

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39
Q

The great living Chola Temples were built by kings of the Chola Empire. The World heritage site includes three great 11th- and 12th-century Temples:

A

The Brihadeswara Temple at Thanjavur,
the Shiva temple at Gangaikondacholapuram and
the Airavatesvara Temple at Darasuram

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40
Q

The Kushan kings used the title …… (son of god).

A

Devaputra

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41
Q

drum house from where ceremonial music was played in Mughal palaces

A

Naubat khana

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42
Q

First factory Act was passed in 1881 when …… was Governor-General of India.

A

Lord Ripon

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43
Q

The Charter Act of …. provided the statutory basis to Municipal institutions.

A

1793

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44
Q

…… on financial decentralisation was the first step towards devolution of power.

A

Mayo’s Resolution of 1870

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45
Q

………. laid down that “India shall be governed by and in the name of the sovereign through one of the principal secretaries of state (Secretary of State of India), assisted by a council of 15 members. The Secretary of State received the powers so long enjoyed by the Court of Directors and the Board of Controls. Thus, the system of “Double government” introduced by the Pitts India Act of 1784 was abolished.

A

The Government of India Act of 1858

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46
Q

The office of Secretary of State for India was abolished by the……. and it was replaced by Secretary for Commonwealth Affairs.

A

Indian Independence Act of 1947

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47
Q

…..was the first time Mahatma Gandhi appeared on the Congress platform.

A

The 1901 Calcutta Session

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48
Q

The Chola Empire was founded by….. He took over the Tanjore kingdom in the 8th century and led to the rise of the mighty Cholas by defeating the Pallavas. Tanjore was hence made the first capital of the eminent Chola Empire.

A

Vijayalaya

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49
Q

Ashoka’s inscriptions refer to the…… who were responsible for keeping the king informed of public opinion.

A

pativedakas and pulisani,

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50
Q

According to Tamil legends, there existed three Sangams. These Sangams flourished under the royal patronage of the ………

A

Pandyas.

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51
Q

The corpus of Sangam literature includes Tolkappiyam, Ettutogai, Pattuppattu, Pathinenkilkanakku, and the two epics-

A

silappathikaram and Manimegalai.

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52
Q

The slogan of “Quit India” was given by

A

Yusuf Meherally.

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53
Q

Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was founded by….. in 1870.

A

Mahadev Govind Ranade, Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi, S. H. Chiplunkar etc

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54
Q

Phule was bestowed with the title of Mahatma on May 11, 1888, by

A

A Maharashtrian social activist Vithalrao Krishnaji Vandekar.

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55
Q

As per Sufism traditions the term ‘ziyarat’ refers to

A

(b) pilgrimage to sufi saint tombs

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56
Q

The Ring-wells were used for the first time under the rule of…. in the Gangetic plains which spread out in the provinces beyond the heart of the empire.

A

Mauryas

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57
Q

Visions of the communal award 1932 Except in the……., 3 per cent seats were to be reserved for women in all provinces.

A

North West Frontier Province

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58
Q

: Painted by Rathva Bhils of the Panchmahal region in Gujarat and Jhabua in the neighbouring State of Madhya Pradesh, these paintings are done on the walls of houses to mark special or thanksgiving occasions. These are large wall paintings, representing rows of numerous and magnificently coloured deities depicted as horse riders.

A

Pithoro painting

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59
Q

It is situated in Palampet Village, around 67 km from the city of Warangal. It is dedicated to Lord Shiva. : It is the only temple in India known by the name of the sculptor who built it, rather than after the presiding deity

A

Ramappa Temple

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60
Q

The Naneghat inscriptions in the Naneghat caves indicate that they are the work of…. rulers who came into prominence after the fall of the Mauryan empire

A

Satavahana

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61
Q

Bhaskaracharya or Bhaskara II was one of the leading mathematicians in the 12th century AD. He has written a book called …….which deals with mathematics. The book is divided into four volumes:
LILAVATI (deals with arithmetic)
BEEJGANITA ( dealing with algebra)
GOLADHYAY (about spheres)
GRAHAGANITA (mathematics of planet)
The Chakrawat method or the cyclic method to solve algebraic equations was introduced by him in his work Lilavati.

A

Siddhanta Shiromani

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62
Q

He was a great builder of cave temples at places like Mandagapattu, etc. He authored the Sanskrit work Mattavilasa Prahasanam. For his talent in paintings, he is given the title Chitrakarapuli. He was also an expert in music.

A

(a) Mahendravarman I

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63
Q

During the Sultanate period the administrative apparatus was headed by the Sultan who was helped by various nobles. There were various other offices along with the office of the Sultan. Theoretically, there was a council of Ministers,…….. to assist the Sultan

A

Majlis-i-Khalwat

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64
Q

A big step forward was taken at the Congress session held at Calcutta (1906) under the presidentship of……., where it was declared that the goal of the Indian National Congress was “self-government or swaraj like the United Kingdom or the colonies” of Australia or Canada.

A

Dadabhai Naoroji

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65
Q

…..wrote the essay titled ‘Swadesi Samaj’.

A

Rabindranath Tagore

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66
Q

The technique of Pietra dura was first used in which of the following Mughal monuments in India?

A

Tomb of Imad-ud-Daulah

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67
Q

Who among the following Mughal rulers issued the famous Mahzar decree or the Decree of
Infallibility?

A

Akbar

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68
Q

With The Censorship of the Press Act 1799,….. imposed censorship on all newspapers for the first time.

A

Lord Wellesley

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69
Q

….., who came to India in 1835 as Governor General of India, repealed the ordinance of 1823 and earned the title of “The Liberator of the Indian Press”.

A

Charles Metcalfe

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70
Q

…..Was the founder of Hindustan Republic Association

A

Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee

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71
Q

is found at Meguti Jain Temple. It is composed by Ravikriti, the court poet of Pulakeshin II in 634 CE.

A

Aihole inscription

72
Q

An inscription of the…. period is inscribed on a pillar at Besnagar, the site of ancient Vidisha. This pillar was constructed by Heliodorus, the Greek ambassador.

A

Shunga

73
Q

The development of Sanskrit grammar began with … in 400 B.C. with his book Asthadhyayi being the oldest book in Sanskrit grammar.

A

Panini

74
Q

The first evidence of the use of Sanskrit can be found in the inscriptions of

A

Rudradamana at Junagarh in the present Southern Gujarat region.

75
Q

Under whose leadership Krishak Praja Party in 1936 campaigned for the abolition of the zamindari system in Bengal?

A

(a) Abul Kasem Fazlul Huq

76
Q

The following fundamental rights are available to Indian citizens only and not to foreigners. They are-

A

Article 15 – Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
Article 16 – Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment
Article 19 – Six types of freedom
Article 29 – Protection of language, script and culture of minorities
Article 30 – Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions.

77
Q

He as an indentured laborer took part in the emancipation struggle of indentured laborers in Fiji. Later he was instrumental in organizing a radical peasant movement in Awadh district of United provinces in 1918-19 which helped in the formation of UP Kisan Sabha.

Which of the following personalities is being described in the passage given above?

A

(a) Baba Ramachandra

78
Q

Considered as the first queen to have fought against the British colonial power, the woman from Tamil Nadu is an embodiment of “Nari Shakti”. The queen formed a women’s only army called ‘Udaiyaal’ and formed an alliance with Hyder Ali to fight against British Colonizers.

Identify the personality from the passage given above.

A

(a) Velu Nachiyar

79
Q

In the context of colonial India, the Punnapra-Vayalar uprising of 1946 was a

.

A

(a) working class revolt

80
Q

Fowler Committee was appointed by the British Government of India on 29 April 1898 to examine the

A

(a) position of Indian currency

81
Q

….was the Viceroy of British India when Indian National Congress was formed.

A

Lord Dufferin

82
Q

The last session of Congress before independence in 1946 was held at ….. with J.B. Kripalani as the President.

A

Meerut

83
Q
  1. In his Young India published in 1916, this Extremist leader used the safety-valve theory to attack the Moderates in Congress.
  2. He argued that ‘the Congress was started more with the object of saving the British Empire from danger than with that of winning political liberty for India.

Who among the following freedom fighter is being described in the above statements?

A

Lala Lajpat Rai

84
Q

…..was created after amalgamating the “Landholders Society” and “British India Society” on 31 October 1851. This was the first political organization that brought the Indians together. The President of the first committee of this organization was Raja Radhakanta Deb, while Debendranath Tagore was its secretary. The newspaper of this society was “Hindu patriot” which adopted a strongly critical political tone.

A

British Indian Association

85
Q

The traditional folk theatre from Kerala is a part of UNESCO’s list of the intangible cultural heritage of India. The theatre depicts the triumph of Goddess Bhadrakali over the demon Darika.”

Identify the form of theatre from the passage given above.

A

Mudiyettu

86
Q

The Satvahana king had a distinct love for navigation and overseas trade. He was hailed for the recovery of Konkan and Malwa from the Shaka rulers. His coins were marked by symbols of ships were found in Maharashtra, Gujarat along with the Andhra region. Identify the ruler from the passage given above.

A

Yajna Sri Satkarni

87
Q

This Peasants’ Movement Went on For Nearly 50 Years in various phases, first from 1897 to 1915, then from 1916 to 1923 and finally 1923 to 1941. The epicentre of the uprising was located in the former princely state of Mewar. It was led by iconic personalities like Vijay Singh Pathik, Sadhu Sitaram Das, among others.

Which of the following peasant movements is being described in the above passage?

A

c) Bijolia Peasant Movement

88
Q

It made a beginning of representative institutions by associating Indians with the law-making process. It thus provided that the viceroy should nominate some Indians as non-official members of his expanded council.
It initiated the process of decentralization by restoring the legislative powers to the Bombay and Madras Presidencies. It thus reversed the centralizing tendency that started from the Regulating Act of 1773 and reached its climax under the Charter Act of 1833.
It also gave recognition to the ‘portfolio’ system, introduced by Lord Canning in 1859. Under this, a member of the Viceroy’s council was made in-charge of one or more departments of the government and was authorized to issue final orders on behalf of the council on matters of his department(s).

A

Indian councils act of 1861

89
Q

Under the….., the system of double government was ended by abolishing the Board of Control and Court of Directors

A

Government of India Act of 1858

90
Q

Mamallapuram has its origins in the word ‘Mamallan’, the title bestowed on…., the great king of the Pallava dynasty that existed between the 3rd and the 9th century. ‘Mamallan’ means ‘great wrestler’.

A

Narasimhavarman I

91
Q

He approved the Ryotwari system of land revenue introduced in the Madras Presidency. During his period, the Police system of Bengal was extended to other regions. He also encouraged the foundation of vernacular schools by missionaries and others. He abolished censorship and encouraged the freedom of the Press.

Which of the following Governor-General is being described in the above passage?

A

(d) Lord Hastings

92
Q

The Battle of Talikota or Rakshasa-Tangadi in 1565 is said to have marked the end of great age of Vijayanagara. In this battle the Vijayanagara forces were led by

A

Aliya Rama Raya

93
Q

…..has temples of Shaiva, Vaishnava, and Jain sects. There are temples dedicated to Shiva, Ramachandra, and Parshvanatha amongst others.

A

Khajuraho

94
Q

In 1926, she represented Indian women at the World women’s Conference which was held in Paris. In 1931, she presided over the first Asian women’s Conference at Lahore. She resigned from the Madras Legislative Council when Mahatma Gandhi announced the Salt Satyagraha campaign in 1930. She was also instrumental in passing a law against the Devadasi system in Madras province.

Who among the following is being described in the above passage?

A

Muthulakshmi Reddy

95
Q

….. philosophy came to be known as pushtimarga

A

Vallabhacharya

96
Q

In the context of modern Indian history, the famous Chirala-Perala agitation of 1919 in the Guntur district was a

A

(c) no-tax campaign

97
Q

Arrange the given colonial cities in chronological order in which they were occupied or colonized by the British or the company:

  1. Bombay
  2. Madras
  3. Calcutta
A

2-1-3

98
Q

…., identified with the present day Karur in Tamil Nadu, was the capital of the Cheras and also an important centre of trade and craft. Muzris, i.e., Cranganore on the south-west coast, was the foremost port of the Cheras.

A

Vanji

99
Q

…., the capital of the Pandyas, is described in the Sangam poems as a large city enclosed by a wall. It was an important centre of fine textile and ivory working.

Korkai, in Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu, was an important Pandya port. It was famous for its pearls.

A

Madurai

100
Q

…..(Tiruchirapalli in Tamil Nadu), the capital of the Cholas, was a grand city with magnificent buildings. Kaveripattinam or Puhar was the main Chola port. It was the great centre of trade and commerce (mainly centre of cotton cloth)and excavations show that it had a large dock.

A

Uraiyur

101
Q

The texts talks about creation and recreation of world, the genealogies of gods and rishis and accounts of royal dynasties. The concept of four ages or yugas – krita, treta, dvapara and kala is also mentioned. The texts mentioned here are:

(c)

A

Puranas

102
Q

In the context of cultural traditions of Indian philosophy, the main text of Purva Mimamsa was written by:

A

Jaimini

103
Q

newspapers started by …. are mooknayak(1920)Bahishkrut Bharat (India Ostracized – 1927), Janata (Masses – 1930) and Prabudhha Bharat (An Awakened India – 1956).

A

Ambedkar

104
Q

Buddha believed in the Doctrine of Conditioned Co-production….. which states that ‘one state of life leads to the next state of life’.

A

(Pratityasamutpada)

105
Q

The stone sculpture of a dancing girl made of…. is found at Harappa. And the dancing girl made of bronze is found at Mohenjo Daro which is the oldest bronze sculpture in the whole world.

A

steatite

106
Q

He propounded the doctrine of Shuddhadvaita (pure non-dualism). 2. His philosophy is known as Pushti Marg, the path of grace.
3. was a contemporary of Vijayanagara ruler Sri Krishnadevaraya. His son Vitthal Nath popularized the Krishna Bhakti further who was a contemporary of Akbar.

A

Vallabhacharya

107
Q

…is one of the eight classical dances of India. The art form derives its name from the Vaishnava monasteries known as…. where it is primarily practiced. The dance is generally performed in groups by male monks known as Bhokots as part of their daily rituals.

Paurashik Bhangi is the masculine style and Stri-Bhangi is the feminine style of the dance.

A

Sattriya dance

Sattras

108
Q

Yantranaja, an astronomical instrument, was developed by Mahindra Suri who is a court poet of……

A

Firoz Shah Tughlaq

109
Q

In India, the earliest paintings have been reported from the…. times.

A

Upper Palaeolithic

110
Q

In India, the earliest paintings have been reported from the…. times.

A

Upper Palaeolithic

111
Q

one of the major anthologies of compositions by the…., the Nalayira Divyaprabandham, was frequently described as the Tamil Veda, thus claiming that the text was as significant as the four Vedas in Sanskrit that was cherished by the Brahmanas.

A

Alvars

112
Q

The Congress session of … was held at…. under the presidentship of Dadabhai Naoroji. He was chosen as president in order to avoid the split of Congress into two groups i-e Moderates and Extremists.
The following resolutions were passed during the session - Resolution on Partition of Bengal - Resolution of Self Government (Swaraj)- Resolution on Swadeshi - Resolution on Boycott - Resolution on National Education.

A

1906, Calcutta

113
Q

Viceroy to issue ordinances, without the concurrence of the legislative council, during an emergency. The life of such an ordinance was six months.

A

Indian councils act of 1861

114
Q

…..highlights the dramatic element and most dance forms do not give emphasis to this aspect today with the exception of dance-drama forms like Kathakali.
…..is essentially expressional, performed specifically to convey the meaning of a theme or idea..
…on the other hand, is pure dance where body movements do not express any mood (bhava), nor do they convey any meaning

A

Nattya

Nritya

Nritta

115
Q

Rock-cut Chaitya and Viharas originated under….

A

Mauryas

116
Q

India’s largest statue of the Reclining Buddha is being installed at

A

the Buddha International Welfare Mission temple in Bodh Gaya.
About Reclining Buddha : A reclining Buddha statue represents the Buddha during his last illness, about to enter Parinirvana - the stage of great salvation after death that can only be attained by enlightened souls

117
Q

The largest Reclining Buddha in the world is the…

A

600-foot Winsein Tawya Buddha built in 1992 in Mawlamyine, Myanmar.

118
Q

The modern postal system was established in India by …..in …. and it was further developed by Warren Hastings in1774. For the first time, the post offices were regulated through an Act of 1837 on a uniform basis to unite all the post office establishments throughout the then existing three Presidencies into one all-India service.

A

Lord Clive in 1766

119
Q

an art in which small pieces of wood are fitted into each other to form the ceiling.

A

Khathambandh

120
Q
  1. They are laid out in the form of an intricately designed star known as the Stellate plan. 2. It includes themes from Shaivism, Vaishnavism and Shaktism.
  2. They are built on an upraised platform called ‘jagati’.
A

Hoysala temples

121
Q

Under the……, a Supreme Court was established at Calcutta which was competent to try all British subjects within Calcutta and the subordinate factories, including Indians and Europeans.

A

Regulating Act of 1773

122
Q

The Kabuliyat system was a unique contribution of…. to land revenue administration. Under the system, the payer has to sign a written document to the government or zamindar stating when and how he would make the payments.

A

Sher Shah

123
Q

session (1906) was held under the leadership of Dadabhai Naoroji. The word ‘swaraj’ is mentioned at this session for the first time. So, pair 1 is correctly matched.

A

The Calcutta

124
Q

The …..session (1922) was presided over by C.R Das. He announced the formation of Swarajya party in this session. So, pair 2 is correctly matched.

A

Gaya

125
Q

….session (1931) was presided over by Vallabhbhai Patel. The Congress adopted a resolution on Fundamental rights and the National Economic programme in this session.

A

Karachi

126
Q

….session (1938) was presided over by Subhash Chandra Bose. The National Planning Committee was set up under the chairmanship of Jawaharlal Nehru

A

Haripura

127
Q

school of philosophy is the oldest school among the six schools of philosophy founded by Kapila Muni. It believed in the theory of causation known as satkaryavada (there is a cause for every action). It explains that the effect exists in its material cause prior to its production.
The philosophy does not believe in the existence of God (atheistic in nature). It emphasizes that Nature or Prakriti is responsible for the creation of the universe. It is regarded as the first cause and all effects of the Universe are based upon it.
It believed that salvation can be attained through the acquisition of real knowledge, which can be acquired through perception (pratyaksha), hearing (shabda) and inference (anumana).
Shashti-tantra was written by Kapila Muni. It is the principal text which contains the core philosophy of this school

A

Samkhya

128
Q

The temples generally followed the Panchayatan style of temple making, which consisted of subsidiary shrines laid out in a crucified ground plan with respect to the principal shrine.
Presence of assembly halls or mandaps in front of the principal shrine.
Outside the garbhagriha, images of the river goddesses, Ganga and Yamuna, were placed.
There were no water tanks or reservoirs present on the temple premises.
The temples were generally built on upraised platforms.
The porticos had a pillared approach.

A

Nagara

129
Q

Indian history is replete with examples of architectural marvels and ingenious planning. In this context, which of the following places is known for its elaborate aqueduct and canal system which supplied water to temples, palaces, and agricultural lands?

A

Hampi

130
Q

In the context of modern Indian history, ‘Geneva-Amsterdam group’ and the ‘Moscovite group’ are related to:

A

(a) All India Trade Union Congress

131
Q

The fort was built by the Portuguese to defend against possible Dutch invasions and is a magnificent example of Portuguese military architecture. Three sides of the fort are surrounded by bastions, while the fourth side has a gateway that faces the Mandovi River.

Which of the following forts is being described in the passage given above?

(

A

a) Aguada fort

132
Q

Which of the following revolts/uprisings is also known as the ‘Jungle Mahal’ Revolt?

(a)

A

The Chuar Uprising

133
Q

In 1910,…. convened the first meeting of the Bharat Stree Mahamandal in Allahabad.

A

Sarla Devi Chaudhurani

134
Q

….founded the Ladies Social Conference (Bharat Mahila Parishad), under the parent organization National Social Conference, in 1904 in Bombay..
The All India Women’s Conference (AIWC), was founded by in 1927

A

Ramabai Ranade

Margaret Cousins

135
Q

The drought of 1865 followed by famine the following year affected Orissa, Madras, Northern Bengal and Bihar.

Which of the following Commission was appointed for investigation of the famine in the above mentioned regions?

(d)

A

George Campbell Commission

136
Q

Recently, the “Statue of Equality” has been erected to honor. In this context, consider the following statements:

  1. He was the chief exponent of the Visishtadvaita school of Vedanta.
  2. He was a contemporary of Hoysala King “Vishnuvardhana”.
A

Ramanujacharya

137
Q

Written in a Home Dylan these are records of Assamese king please enable an events of their times

A

Buranji

138
Q

In the context of the history of India, the kudavolai system is related to:

.

A

(b) elections in village administration of the Chola empire.

139
Q

The Constituent Assembly was constituted in November 1946 under the scheme formulated by the

A

Cabinet Mission Plan

140
Q

The Buddhist literature…. gives a list of sixteen great kingdoms called ‘Sixteen Mahajanapadas’.

A

Anguttara Nikaya

141
Q

With reference to Vedic period, consider the following statements:

  1. The term krishna ayas and shyama ayas were used for iron.
  2. The Rig Vedic people had interaction with people speaking Dravidian and Munda languages.

True or false

A

True

142
Q

• The art and architecture of the Rashtrakutas were found at Ellora and Elephanta. At Ellora, the most remarkable temple is the ….. temple. It is carved out of a massive block of rock during the reign of Krishna I. The superstructure of the temple corresponds to the Dravida style. It temple marks the highest point of rock-cut temple architecture in the subcontinent.

A

Kailasanatha

143
Q

It is an elegant two-storey palace between Munj Talao and Kapur Talao, with open pavilions, balconies overhanging the water and a terrace. Built by Sultan Ghiyasuddin Khilji, it had a complex arrangement of watercourses and a terrace swimming pool. This is the most likely description of

A

Jahaz Mahal Mandu 

144
Q

……was also known as Mamalla, which means
‘great wrestler’. He was an emperor of the Pallava dynasty. He wanted to avenge the defeat of his father at the hands of Chalukyan ruler Pulakesin II. His victory over Pulakesin II in the Battle of Manimangalam near Kanchi is mentioned in Kuram copper plates. The Pallava army under General Paranjothi pursued the retreating Chalukya army, entered Chalukya territory, captured and destroyed the capital city of Vatapi. He regained the lost territory and assumed the title ‘Vatapikonda’

A

Narasimhavarman I (630-668 A.D.)

145
Q

Which one of the following ancient harappan towns is well-known for its elaborate system of water harvesting and management by building a series of dams and channelizing water into connected reservoirs?

(a)

A

Dholavira

146
Q

, Portuguese traveller, visited the empire during the reign of Achyuta Deva Raya. According to him, a large number of women were employed in royal palaces as dancers, domestic servants and palanquin bearers. There were also wrestlers, astrologers and soothsayers among them. Some women were also appointed as accountants, judges, bailiffs, and watch women.

A

Fernao Nuniz

147
Q

The song Jana-Gana-mana, composed originally in Bangla by Rabindranath Tagore, was adopted in its Hindi version by the Constituent Assembly as the National Anthem of India on January 24, 1950.
It was first sung on December 27, 1911, at the Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress.
The complete song consists of five stanzas.
It was at….), in February 1919, that Tagore translated his Bengali poem ‘Jana Gana Mana’ into English as ‘Morning Song of India’.

A

Madanapalle (Chittoor)

148
Q

Timur had started his career of conquest in 1370. He crossed Indus during the reign of…..

A

Firuz Shah Tughluq (1351 -1388).

149
Q

Both the Two systems of family/civil law, Dayabhaga and Mitakshara are the basic to the upper castes alone - Dayabhaga system prevailed in…. India and Mitakshara in…..

A

eastern

in remaining parts of the country.

150
Q

Songs from Prison’ is a book of translation from Sanskrit hymns and lyrics, from the Upanishads and other scriptures…… made these translations during his incarceration in Yeravada Prison in 1930

A

Mahatma Gandhi

151
Q

The Governor-General abolished the Dual System introduced by Robert Clive. He also abolished the system of dastaks, or free passes, and regulated the internal trade. He set up the Calcutta Madrasah for the study and teaching of Muslim law and related subjects. He also introduced a uniform system of pre-paid postage system.

A

Warren Hastings

152
Q

The well known painting ‘Maru Ragini’ of Ragamala series was painted by Sahibdin. This painting belongs to the

(

A

c) Mewar School of Painting

153
Q

In the context of cultural history of India, Madhurkathi a GI tagged product is a/an:

A

(b) floor mats made of natural fibres unique to West Bengal.

154
Q

In the context of Ancient India, ‘Kumaramatyas’ and ‘Ayuktas’ were
.

(c)

A

provincial administrators appointed in the Gupta empire.

155
Q

Noble Eightfold Path, gives what the Buddhist pilgrim (or practitioner) has to practice, and the path which he has to follow, to achieve Enlightenment and realize Nibbana. There is a parallel path which consists of perfecting certain qualities, which leads the pilgrim to becoming a Samma Sambuddha, a self Enlightened Universal Buddha. The qualities are called the Paramis (perfections) in the Southern traditions and the….. in the Eastern and Northern traditions.

A

Paramitas

156
Q

Noble Eightfold Path, gives what the Buddhist pilgrim (or practitioner) has to practice, and the path which he has to follow, to achieve Enlightenment and realize Nibbana. There is a parallel path which consists of perfecting certain qualities, which leads the pilgrim to becoming a Samma Sambuddha, a self Enlightened Universal Buddha. The qualities are called the Paramis (perfections) in the Southern traditions and the….. in the Eastern and Northern traditions.

A

Paramitas

157
Q

With reference to the history of India, “Ulgulan” or the Great Tumult is the description of which of the following events?

A

(d) Birsa Munda’s Revolt of 1899-1900

158
Q

In 1888,… began publishing the monthly journal titled Vital-Vidhvansak (Destroyer of Brahmanical or Ceremonial Pollution), which was the first to have the untouchable people as its target audience

A

Gopal baba Walangkar

159
Q

With reference to the period of Gupta dynasty in ancient India, the towns Ghantasala, Kadura and Chaul were well known as

A

(a) ports handling foreign trade

160
Q

Green Sohra Afforestation Campaign has been launched recently as part of afforestation efforts to keep Northeast Evergreen. In this context, Sohra which is one of the wettest places in India is located in the state of

A

Meghalaya

161
Q

The Third Battle of Panipat took place on 14 January 1761 at Panipat between

A

the Maratha Empire and the invading Afghan army of Ahmad Shah Abdali.

162
Q

Recently an underground nuclear facility at Natanz was in the news recently. It is located in

A

Iran

163
Q

The Permanent Settlement was introduced in Bengal and Bihar in 1793 by…. through the Permanent Settlement Act.

A

Lord Cornwallis

164
Q

The direction to the company to spend one lakh rupees per annum on education was given by the

A

Charter Act of 1813.

165
Q

…..was the chief port of the Kakatiyas and this port was visited by the Venitian traveler, Marco Polo. He had visited the port in 1287 AD, had given a vivid account of the flourishing trade activities at the port during the reign of Kakatiya queen Rudrama Devi.

A

Motupalli

166
Q

In the besNagar pillar inscription hell you Doris describes himself as

A

Bhagavat I.e. Worshipper of Vishnu

167
Q

While Earlier but the schools had used only symbols to depict the Bata which school became the 1st to make faces and because of the para

A

Mathura

168
Q

A collective name for eight types heroines as classified by Bharat muni in his Sanskrit treaties on performing arts Natya shastra

A

Ashna nayika

169
Q

Founder of a ajivika sect according to uddhism

A

Nanda vacchha

170
Q

What is nimat nama

A

Cookery book from the time of ghiyasuddin Khilji

171
Q

In ….. written in 14th century the terms Hindustani and Carnatic appear for the first time

A

Haripala’s sangeet sudharaka

172
Q

He was the founder of the Hindustan Republican Association. He founded a branch of the Anushilan Samiti in Patna in 1913. He was sentenced to life for his involvement in the Kakori conspiracy and was imprisoned at Cellular Jail where he wrote his book titled Bandi Jeevan. Recently his 80th death anniversary was observed.

A

SachIndra nath sanyal

173
Q

…moved the main resolution on non-cooperation in the annual session of the Congress in Nagpur in 1920

A

C.R. Das

174
Q

Consider the following statements:

  1. He was a Turkish slave who had risen to higher ranks in the army of Shahabuddin Muhammad.
  2. He reconquered both Badayun and Farukhabad.
  3. For his generosity, he was known as “Lakh Baksh”.

Which of the following rulers has been described in the statements given above?

A

(d) Qutubuddin Aibak

175
Q

With reference to the medieval period of India, the terms amara, bhandaravada, and manya refer to

.

A

(b) land tenure systems during Vijayanagar empire.

176
Q

Set in an awesome boulder-strewn landscape along the banks of the Tungabhadra River,… was the capital city of the magnificent capital of the mighty Vijayanagara Empire. Classified as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, this historic town is also the “World’s Largest Open-air Museum” and covers an area of nearly 29 sq km.

A

Hampi

177
Q

….during ancient Indian history represented a hall for the meeting of the aristocratic council.

A

Santhagara

UPSC2022 (8 decks)

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