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Life in the UK test > History > Flashcards

History Flashcards

1
Q

Stonehenge location?

A

County of Wiltshire

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2
Q

Skara Brae location?

A

Orkney, Scotand

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3
Q

Tombs in Bronze Age

A

Round barrows

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4
Q

What is Maiden Castle

A

Hill fort in Dorset, Iron Age

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5
Q

55BC, who invaded?

A

Romans - Julius Caesar but unsuccessful

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6
Q

43AD, who invaded?

A

Romans, Claudius - successful

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7
Q

Who fought the Romans in AD43?

A

Boudicca, the queen of Iceni

Statue in Westminster Bridge

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8
Q

Was Scotland invaded by the Romans?

A

No
Emperor Hadrian build a wall
Wall can be seen in Housesteads and Vindolanda

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9
Q

How long did Romans rule Britain?

A

400years

Left in AD410 to defend the Empire and never returned

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10
Q

What happened in AD600?

A

Anglo-Saxon kingdoms was established

One of the kings was buried in Sutton Hoo (Suffolk)

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11
Q

Famous missionaries in Britain?

A

St Patrick
St Columba - island of Iona
St Augustine - First Archibishop pf Canterbury

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12
Q

Vikings invasion - when?

A

AD789

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13
Q

Who gathered the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms?

A

King Alfred the Great
Defeated the Vikings
Danelaw - current Grimsby and Scunthorpe

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14
Q

First Danish king that ruled England?

A

Cnut/Canute

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15
Q

First king of Scotland

A

Kenneth MacAlpin

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16
Q

Norman Conquest - Who and when?

Which Battle?

A

William, Duke of Normandy defeated Harold, the Saxon King
Battle of Hastings, 1066

William become William the Conqueror
Tapestry - BAYEUX TAPESTRY

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17
Q

What is Domesday Book?

A

Book with people who lived and owned the land

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18
Q

What happened in 1284?

A

King Edward I of England annexed Wales

Statute of Rhuddlan

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19
Q

Battle of Bannockburn

A

1314
Between England and Scotland
Robert the Bruce

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20
Q

Invasion to Ireland

A

1200 in Pale, near Dublin

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21
Q

Hundred Years War

A

Between France and England
lasted 116yrs actually
Battle of Agincourt in 1415
King Henry V

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22
Q

When was Black Death?

A

1348

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23
Q

Was is Gentry

A

owners of large land

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24
Q

Magna Carta - what is it?

A

Charter of Rights
King was subject to law
Protected the nobles and restricted the king’s power to collect tax and change laws
Parliament was build - House of Lords and Common

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25
Q

Scottish Parliament - the difference?

A

Three Houses / Estates

Lords, Commons and Clergy

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26
Q

Name of first book during Pilgrimage?

A

The Canterbury Tale
William Caxton
Collection of poems

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27
Q

Who is Geoffrey Chaucer

A

English poet

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28
Q

Who is John Barbour

A

Scottish poet who wrote the Bruce and the Battle of Bannockburn

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29
Q

War of Roses - When and who?

A

1455 - 1485
House of Lancaster - Henry Tudor
House of York - King Richard III
Battle of Bosworth Field

Henry Tudor becomes Henry VII

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30
Q

What did Henry VII do

A

Centralised the power and reduced power of the nobles

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31
Q

Henry VIII - what did he do

A

Married six times

Established Church of England - Protestant and Reformation

32
Q

Henry VIII’s wives?

A

Catherine of Aragon, Spanish - Daughter was Mary
Anne Boleyn - Daughter was Elizabeth, got executed
Jane Seymour - Son was Edward
Annes of Cleves - German princess for polical reasons
Catherine Howard - Executed
Catherine Parr

33
Q

Who succeeded Henry VIII?

A

Edward VI - wrote the book of Common Prayer
Mary - killed many Protestant - Blood Mary
Elizabeth I, Protestant

34
Q

What did Elizabeth achieve?

A

No serious religious conflicts
Did not force practice
Defeated the Spanish Armada - large fleet ship in 1588
She was not married and James VI of Scotland became King James I of England

35
Q

Protestant in Scotland

A

In 1560, Scottish parliament made catholic practice illegal
Mary Stuart, Queen of Scotland was Catholic
Fled to France and gave throne to James VI of Scotland
Mary was executed by Elizabeth for plotting against Elizabeth I

36
Q

Sir Francis Drake - who was he?

A

Defeated the Spanish Armada
His ship was Golden Hind
Went around the world

37
Q

William Shakespeare

A

1564 - 1616
Born in Stratford Upon Avon

Famous plays:
MIdsummer Night's Dream
Hamlet
Macbeth
Romeo and Juliet
38
Q

Was James I and his son Charles I successful?

A

Not politically
Believed in Divine rights of the King
Tried to rule without parliament

39
Q

English Civil war

A

Charles I tried to introduce a revised Prayer Book to the Presbyterian Church in Scotland - not successful
1640 - could not get Army by Parliament despite Scottish invasion
Parliament had Puritans
Took the opportunity to take over
Civil war in 1642 - Cavaliers vs Roundheads

40
Q

Battles of Marston Moor and Naseby

A

1646 - the king lost
Charles I was executed in 1649
Republic was formed, Commonhealth
Oliver Cromwell as leader

41
Q

Battle of Dunbar and Worcester

A

Scots did not agree to the Parliament
Charles II became King of Scotland
Lost to Cromwell and fled to Europe

42
Q

Richard Cromwell

A

Son of Oliver Cromwell
Succeeded as Lord Protector
not able to control the army or the grovernment

43
Q

Restoration

A

May 1660
Charles II became King of England

Great fire destroyed London - St Paul was rebuild by Sir Christopher Wren

44
Q

Habeas Corpus Act

A

Law in 1679

You must present the person in Court

45
Q

Royal Society

A

Promote natural knowledge

Notable members - Sir Edmund Halley and Sir Isaac Newton

46
Q

Glorious Revolution

A

James II was Catholic, conflict with the parliament

Mary, his daughter, with her husband William of Orange took over England
James II fled to France so no fight happened
Guaranteed power to the Parliament

James II invaded Ireland and lost to William at the Battles of Boyne in 1690
Asked Scots but defeated in Killiecrankie
Scottish clans signed an Oath but MacDonalds of Glencoe was late and got killed

47
Q

Declaration of Rights

A

1689
The Bill of Rights - Constitutional monarchy
rights of the Parliament and the limits of the king’s power
Whigs and Tories
1695 - free press, no need of government licence

48
Q

Start of Constitutional monarchy

A

More power to the ministry
People had the right to vote - property owner
Pocket borough and rotten borough

49
Q

Immigration

A

Jews - 1656

1680 and 1720 - refugees called Huguenots

50
Q

Act of Union

A

Treaty of Union with Scotland in 1707

Scotland kept its own legal and education systems and Presbyterian Church

51
Q

Prime Minister

A

Queen Anne died and George I was brought from Germany as he was the closest Protestant relative
He did not speak very good English and the most important minister became Prime Minister
Robert Walpole - 1721-1742

52
Q

Battle of Culloden

A

1746
Charles Edward Stuart vs George II
Charles was supported by Scottish highlands clansmen
Charles lost and fled to France

53
Q

Robert Burns

A

Scottish Poet
The Bard
1759 - 1796
Auld Lang Syne

54
Q

Enlightenment

A

Many of the thinkers were Scottish
Adam Smith - Economics
David Hume - human nature
James Watt - Steam power

55
Q

Industrial revolution

A

Agriculture and manufacturing goods became mechanised
Bessemer Process - mass production of Steel led to shipbuilding industry and railways
Poor working conditions

56
Q

Richard Arkwright

A

1732-1792
Worked as a barber
Started to work in textile and improved carding machine

57
Q

Colonisation

A

Captain James Cook - Australia
Canada
East india company

58
Q

Sake Dean Mahomet

A

1759-1851
Bengal region in India
Served in Bengal army and came to Britain in 1782
Eloped with an Irish Girl, Jane Daly
In 1810, HIndoostane Coffee House in George Street London

59
Q

Slave trade

A

Anti-slavery group - Quakers in 1700s
William Wilberforce, Abolishonist
1807 - illegal to trade slaves in the UK
1833, Emancipation Act abolished slavery throughout the Empire

60
Q

Independence of colonies

A

War of Independence on 1776 by USA

Allowed independence to colonies 1783

61
Q

War with France

A

1789 - French Revolution, Napoleon continued war
1805 - Battle of Trafalgar
HMS Victory - Admiral Nelson’s ship
1815 - French Wars ended
Battle of Waterloo - Duke of Wellington defeated Napoleon
Wellington became Prime Minister

62
Q

Victorian Age

A

1837, Queen Victoria

Reigned until 1901

63
Q

Corn Laws

A

1846

Promoted free trade

64
Q

Working situation in 1847

A

Changed to 10hrs working hours for women and children

65
Q

George and Robert Stephenson

A

Pioneered railway engine

66
Q

Isambard Kingdom Brunel

A

1806-1859
Engineer who build tunnels, bridges and railway lines
Great Wester Railway
Clifton Suspension Bridge

67
Q

Great Exhibition

A

1851

Hyde Park in the Crystal Palace

68
Q

Crimean War

A

1853-1856
Fought with Turkey and France against Russia
Conditions were bad and many soldiers passed away from the injuries
Victorian Cross Medal was introduced

69
Q

Florence Nightingale

A

1820-1910
Trained as nurse in Germany
Improved conditions and founded modern nursing
Established the Nightingale training school for nurses

70
Q

Reform Act of 1832

A

Abolished pocket and rotten borough

Voting still based on ownership of property

71
Q

Reform Act of 1867

A

Campain from Chartists

Needed less of property but still many people coudl not vote

72
Q

Act of Parliament 1870 and 1882

A

Gave rights to wives to keep ownership of earnings and property

73
Q

Emmeline Pankhurst

A 
1858 - 1928
Set up Women Franchise League in 1889
1903 - Women's Social and Political Union
Suffragettes 
1918 - Rights to vote at age of 30
1928 - Right to vote at age of 21
74
Q

Boer War

A

1899 - 1902

Went to War in South Africa with Settlers from Netherland - Boers

75
Q

Rudyard Kipling

A 
1865 - 1936
Born in India
Wrote books and poems, reflected ideas that British Empire was a force for good
1907 Nobel Prize in Literature
Just So Stories and The Jungle Book

Life in the UK test (6 decks)

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