History 101 Flashcards
What is the definition of toleration
This allows religious freedom
What is the definition of history?
The study of the recordith past
what happened in 1898?
The USA bought the philliphines
What is the definition of culture
a way of life for a group of people
Civilization is a type of culture based on 3 simple ingredients
1- has to be citys/urbanization
2- has to have literacy
3- has to have specilization of labor
How many languages were present at the time of columbus
2000
What does the current evidence of day say about how long people have lived in the americas?
40,000 years and constantly changing
The people came to the americas through the
The Straight of Beringia
what was the population of the native people by the time of columbus
54 million
What was the name of the group of people who came to the americas by sea?
euro-paleo people
what was the culture of the paleo people
hunting and gathering
What is essentially meso-america?
central america
Which group discovered farming?
Aztecs
People was specific to what skills they had but would share there food and clothes
specilized labor
This is a sphere throwing tool that allows more people to hunt regardelss of strength
the atlatl
This was a easy way to make pottery and allowed efficent farming
Coiled Pottery
This is a cave that is located in Jackson Country that was created 8 to 9 thousands years ago
Russell Cave
where did Neanderthals start from
Neanderthal valley of germany
is a common name that has been used to describe the first early modern humans of the European Upper Paleolithic.
Cro-Magnum
the oldest cro-magnum person of the ice frozen alp of italy
Otzi
Was otzi discovered with all his clothes on and killed
Yes
What is one of the oldest tribes east of the mississppi
Cahokia
What time was the Cahokia vanished
1100 AD
the oldest native american settlement in alabama
Moundville, Alabama
the population of moundville was
around 1000
what were the five civilized tribes
Cherokee, Choctaw,Muskogee(creek), Chickasaw, Seminole
landed in mobile bay in 1100 AD
Prince Madoc
Famous person who came from iceland and greenland
Leif Ericsson
leif erricson established what settlement and its abbreviation and its location
Lunse aux meadows also called vinland and located in Canada
What is the tradition when a viking leader dies?
They burn the leader in a viking longboat
What is the largest and coldest lake
Lake Superior
What was the only thing that stoped the vikings from getting to lake erie
The niagra falls
What was the crusades
holy war between the christian knights of europe and the christian knights of europe and the muslim knights of the holy land
what is the regeneration/rebirth of greek and roman culture after the dark ages
renaissance
Who is the holy father in rome
Bishop Constantinople
When did the roman empire collapse?
5000 AD
What age was considered to be a adult in roman era
21
as King of England from 1189 to 1199. He was considered a hero in his day and has often been portrayed as one in works of literature.
Richard The Lionheart
What is SilkRoad
The Arabic Trade Route
Which Merchants transported the english crusaders to meet the muslim merchants
The Italian Merchants
Why are Venice and Genoa common
Both are Seaports and there located in the ocean
was an Italian merchant traveller from Venice whose travels are recorded in Livres des merveilles du monde, a book that introduced Europeans to Central Asia and China
Marco Polo
What does Marco Polo Expose?
How the chinese are very rich
What book does Marco Polo make while in genoa prision
II Milione
Why does Genoa and Venice dominate the asian trade
because they transport crusade warriors
Why does Genoa and Venice dominate the asian trade
because they transport crusade warriors
What do the people of Florence and the knight Templar make?
checking and banking
What does banking do?
Expandes Trade
What is the Astrolobe?
this is a tool that tells you where you are north and east
Why are the portugese the leaders in exploration and navigation
because of there position in the atlantic
Who is Prince Henry the navigator
he develops a navigation school called cape sarger
What is the typical ship the portugese use?
Portugese Bao
What are the portugese ultimate goal?
To get to India
What does Timbuktu deal?
Salt Ivory gold and slaves
Who is Prestor John
legendary christian leader in Africa that supposely controls a kingdom
What is Ethiopia
one of the oldest christian civilizations
Who is Angola Diaz
He wanted to discover the western passage
1st Count of Vidigueira, was a Portuguese explorer. He was the first European to reach India by sea
Da Gama
How Does Da Gama get to western India
goes around south africa to western india called goa
What were Columbuses first ships
NIna, Pinta, Santa Maria
What was Columbuses first voyage
he landes in san salvador, bahama in 1492, october 12
How many voyages does columbus make?
He makes 4 voyages
he was a italian from florence he wil make a famous map
Vespucci
Who create the Waldseemüller map
Vespucci
stated that everything to the east would go to portugal and everything to the west would go to spain
Treaty of Tordessiles
what were somethings that went from the new world to europe
tobacco, potatoes, etc
What destoryed the crops of the indigenous people
Hogs
What were the three g’s for the conquistadors
Gold
Glory
Gospel
was a Spanish explorer, governor, and conquistador
Vasco Núñez de Balboa
first person to chart panama and to notice it was a separate continent
Balboa
was a Portuguese explorer who organised the Spanish expedition to the East Indies that resulted in the first circumnavigation of the Earth,
Ferdinand Magellan
had a fleet of five ships and his flagship ship was the victoria
Magellon
The Great Southern Ocean is now the ocean we call
The Atlantic Ocean
Who discovers the philliphines
Megellon
he was involved as a warrior against the Moroccan and a conquestidor and was given the govenor psition of porto rico and goes on a expedition to st.augustine
Deleon
What was Juan Ponce de León also looking for
The Fountain of Youth
he went on the Colorado route to look for gold
Francisco Fernando
great conquestidor promoted by the govoner by panama, coming with nothing and leaving with half a million dollars
Hernando Desoto
What was the beginning date and ending date of desotos expedition
1539 to 1541
Explain Desotos expedition
started in tampa, moves up to the carolines then he goes to the northwest
was a paramount chief of a Mississippian chiefdom in what is now the U.S. state of Alabama. His people were possibly ancestors to the several southern Native American confederacies who later emerged in the region.
Chief Tuskaloosa
What does Chief Tuskaloosa do when he sees desoto
sends out diplomats to greet the desoto groups
What is Maubia, Alabama and when was it established
1540 and the capital of the natives
What is the battle of maubila
oct 18 1540, they narrowly chief tuskaloosa nearly defeats the spainards, desoto is inured and escapes
What will the desoto expedition chart
chart and discover the lower mississippi valley
noble, educated, a sergant in a peru expedition, uses the gold to go on another expedition of the west coast
Pizzaro
When did the inca empire start and end
1463-1532
why do we call the inca empire the inca empire
because of a river named inca
he is another noble man but poor, will start a unauthoerised expedition against mexico, comes with 11 ships comes to the coast of yucaton goes inaldna nd meets the yucaton who are the descendents of the mayans he then burns his 11 ships
Cortez
Magneficant aztec capital and say it is far superior to other cities
Teotihuacan
Who is the emperor of the aztecs
Montezuma II
What did the aztecs think of the spainarda
that they were gods
cortez asks for what that leads to a war between the spainards and the aztecs
they demand gold
When cortez beats montezuma what does he find that makes him rich
Gold and Silver
when were and who created the university of mexio and university of lima
established in 1551 by john cabbot
he oldest city founded by Deleon in 1565
St.Augustine, Florida
What is Santa Fe, New Mexico?
trading outpost between indegenous and spainards
Who are the peninsulares
native born spainards are the absolute rule and controlling law in the america
who are the creoles
first born american of spanish theyw ill control the local government and inherit property
what is mestizo
mixed of indegious and spainards theyw ill own shops, small farm
indegious
may or may not be free were not involved in the governement
Who was Alonzo de Pienda
was a Spanish explorer and cartographer, whose map marks the first document in Texas history. He was born in the ghetto part of Spain. boile bay, 1519, 40 villages upriver
what does King Henry establish himself as?
head of church
How many times in Henry Married?
20 times
who is elizabeth 1 descendent of?
henry 8th and henry 7th
what is queen elizabeths last name?
Tudor
basically pirates secretly funded by the crown and secretly pay queen elizabeth.Would attack spanish ships
Sea Dogs
Why were they called sea dogs
small but fast ships and sailed in groups
was a Spanish fleet of 130 ships that sailed from A Coruña in August 1588, under the command of the Duke of Medina Sidonia with the purpose of escorting an army from Flanders to invade England. The strategic aim was to overthrow Queen Elizabeth I of England and the Tudor establishment of Protestantism in England, with the expectation that this would put a stop to English interference in the Spanish Netherlands and to the harm caused to Spanish interests by English and Dutch privateering.
Spanish Armada
When was the spanish armada defeated?
1588
what did the defeat allow?
english settlement in North America
What does Sir Francis Do (involved spanish armada)
takes a small fleet and attacks the spanish fleet
Who are the black irish
are the spainards who could not get backk to spain interrupted with irish
What is the enclosure movement?
it causes rural unemployed sending farmers who can not get employed to the citys to be homeless
a company whose stock is owned jointly by the shareholders.
Dutch made this idea copied by the british Joint Stock Company
established a settlement in find a northwest passage established jamestwon in 1607
london company
town in virginia in 1607gets to trade with indians becomes hostile and gets attacked
JamesTown
What is a bondsman
indentured servant
Professional soldier to train the settlers, gets captured by the locals rescued by pcahontas provides a truth between the settlers and native americans takes over military rule his famous phrase is “he who shall not work, shall not eat”
Captian John Smith
What does John Rolfe Create?
a tasty tobacco in Virginia he will also marry pocahontas
What happens in 1619
The first african americans are sent to Jamestown regarded as english indentured servants, english slave companies are created
was the first legislative assembly of elected representatives in North America.[1] The House was established by the Virginia Company, who created the body as part of an effort to encourage English craftsmen to settle in North America and to make conditions in the colony more agreeable for its current inhabitants.[2] Its first meeting was held in Jamestown, Virginia, on July 30, 1619.[3]
House of burgesses
What is the act of toleration?
allows religious freedom
In 1640 what major event happended and over what? Explains what happens and which party wins
A civil war broke oout over the power of the parliment and the king, the parliment wins and cromwell gets rid of a monarchy and sets up a republic.
Who is Oliver Cromwell?
A military ruler who takes control of england and abolshies the monarchy for a short while
When the monarchy is restored who do they call to be the king?
Charles II son of Charles I
He was a priest comes with the idea that salvation can be achied through crist and not by the catholic church priests and bishops, defies the church tax requirements
Martin Luther
Was a cathlic priest, he comes up with the idea of predetermination, that it was to predetermine who would go to hell or heaven, becomes popular with buisness people
John Calvin/Calviniost
What are the the calvanist in england called?
The puritans
Calvanist in France were called
Huguenots
Where did many puritans escape too? And what was the problem they faced
Many escaped to Holland, faced a crises of unemployment
In 1620 what colony is established
Plymouth
was the ship that transported mostly English Puritans and Separatists, collectively known today as the Pilgrims, from Plymouth England to the New World
Mayflower
In 1712 what will the royal crown do the the colonies?
make north and south carolinas
What was South Carolina established to do?
Protect North Carolina
What was Georgia named after?
George III
was a British general, Member of Parliament, philanthropist, and founder of the colony of Georgia. As a social reformer, he hoped to resettle Britain’s poor, especially those in debtors’ prisons, in the New World.[1]
General Olglethrope
Why was Savannah Georgia so significant
first organized city
What was the original idea of Georgia?
No slavery allowed
an Anglican divine[2] and theologian who, with his brother —–and fellow cleric George Whitefield, is credited with the foundation of the evangelical movement known asMethodism.
John Wesley and Charles Wesley
