Historical Sketch of Sociological and Anthropological Thoughts

Question 1

Why is studying history important?

Answer 1

• to contextualize the present
• to make better decisions in the future
• to not have a fragmented view

Question 2

Timeline of History

Answer 2

1. Ancient Time
2. Medieval/Dark Ages/Middle Ages
3. Renaissance/Rebirth
4. Modern
5. Postmodern

Question 3

Social Science during the Ancient Time

Answer 3

• rise of social science
• philosophers

Question 4

Greek Philosophers during the Ancient Time

Answer 4

• Socrates
• Plato
• Aristotle

Question 5

Socrates’ contributions

Answer 5

astronomy
politics
state
human being
justice
socratic method in the agora (marketplace)

Question 6

Plato’s contributions

Answer 6

• academy –> epistemology of knowledge
• Republic –> politics, government, structure

Question 7

Aristotle’s contributions

Answer 7

• ethics, nation, society, biology, physics, astronomy

Question 8

Social Science during the Dark Ages

Answer 8

• Death of Science, Arts, and Music
• conservative philosophers

Question 9

What happened during the Dark Ages?

Answer 9

• Black Plague
• Abuse of Church
• Fall of the Roman Empire
• wars and deaths
• five crusades
• aristocracy –> churchmen

Question 10

Catholic Church During the Dark Ages

Answer 10

1. centrality of government –> bishops
2. centrality of religion

Question 11

Revolutions during the Renaissance

Answer 11

1. Industrial Revolution
2. French Revolution
3. Population Revolution

Question 12

What happened during the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 12

feudalism –> industrualization

rise in production, food, shelter, transportation, populations, settlements, division of labor –> megapolis –> the need for science to manage the growing economy, population, and diversity

Question 13

What happened during the French Revolution?

Answer 13

aristocracy/monarchy –> liberal democracy (SOCAS)

Question 14

Social Science during the Renaissance

Answer 14

• rise of the need of social science, arts, music, and natural science
• e-mind –> scientific method

Question 15

Social Science during the Modern Time

Answer 15

• expansion
• modern institutions (independent, functional, and can develop without interference)
• can develop without interference

Question 16

Socrates’ book about politics and governance

Answer 16

The Republic

Question 17

During the Ancient Times, which philosopher constructed the earliest from of structural-functionalism?

Answer 17

Plato

Question 18

Where did social science borrowed its ways from during the Ancient Times?

Answer 18

from natural sciences

Question 19

What was the dominant form of government during the Dark Ages? Who were leading?

Answer 19

Aristocracy; the churchmen

Question 20

Philosophers during the Dark Ages are described as?

Answer 20

conservative

Question 21

Cultural Consumerism

Answer 21

without consumption, the economy will die

Question 22

What caused the population revolution?

Answer 22

due to technology and science, maternal health, life expectancy, and mortality rate rose

Question 23

e-mind

Answer 23

rationality + science –> development of scientific method

Question 24

The effect of Population Revolution

Answer 24

segregation of cities
rural to urban
division of labor
megapolis