Historical Overview

Question 1

What are the 3 phases of evolution of health/medical services?

Answer 1

Preindustrial
Post industrial
Corporate Era

Question 2

What were the medical services like in preindustrial america?

Answer 2

Primitive medical procedures.

limited surgery/Dx

Question 3

In preindustrial america, who paid for services? what was a problem in this time?

Answer 3

the consumer

too much demand and lack of affordability

Question 4

Postindustrial america brought growth of

Answer 4

medical/professional sovereignty..

licensing/more organization

Question 5

What was the initial role of private health insurance?

Answer 5

income protection during sickness and temporary disability

Question 6

What happened to pts and hospitals after Great depression?

Answer 6

patients: loss of income

Hospitals: forced to charge fee instead of donations

Question 7

Federal aid to the states for public health and welfare assistance, maternal and child health, children with disability services

Answer 7

Social security act 1935

Question 8

alliance of insurers and providers:

examples

who had control?

Answer 8

provider-insurer pact

Blue cross
Blue shield

providers

Question 9

in 1954, who determined that employer contributions to health insurance was non-taxable?

Answer 9

IRS

Question 10

in 1948, who ruled that employee benefits, including health insurance, was a legitimate part of union bargaining

Answer 10

Supreme court

Question 11

What came to rise in 1945? and who was it primarily available to?

Answer 11

Private health insurance

middle-class workers.

Question 12

cost of private insurance in 1950 vs 1965

Answer 12

1 billion

8.7 billion

Question 13

What did others rely on when they couldn’t get private health insurance?

Answer 13

“charity” care

a cost shift to private payers.

Question 14

Partial national health insurance for elderly and poor?

Answer 14

medicare

medicaid

Question 15

When did Gov become involved in health insurance?

Answer 15

1965

Question 16

in the 1970s the government had increasing regulation to monitor care.. for what?

Answer 16

to attempt to reduce cost because business concern was cost of health care

Question 17

in 1972 blue cross had legal separation from

Answer 17

AHA

Question 18

the 80s brought the beginning of which cost-control measures?

why?

Answer 18

Medicare prospective payment systems
selective contracting
managed care

cost of employer sponsored health plans increased.

Question 19

Because of fragmentation of hospitals in 90s, what was the government action in 1997?

Answer 19

Balanced budget act

Question 20

What aided healthcare reform in 2010

?

Answer 20

patient protection and affordable care act

Question 21

Why was ACA installed?

Answer 21

increase in cost as well as increased amount of uninsured ppl. offered payment reforms, and alternatives to fee-for-service.