Historical Facts Flashcards
first to describe bacteria in 1677 with a simple microscope
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
microorganisms identified by Leeuwenhoek
- bacteria
- fungi
- protozoa
- spermatozoa
Father of Bacteriology
Anton van Leewuenhoek
developed the compound microscope in 1678
Robert Hooke
theory that life could develop spontaneously from decomposing, nonliving material
Spontaneous Generation Theory (abiogenesis)
refuted the abiogenesis theory when he demonstrated that the appearance of maggots in decomposing meat depended on deposition of eggs by flies
Francesco Redi
disproved abiogenesis and stated that life must arise from pre-existing life
Pasteur and Tyndall
first to propose the theory of biogenesis in 1858
Rudolf Virchow
filtered microorganisms from the air and concluded this to be the source of contamination
Louis Pasteur
demonstrated the fermentation of fruits and grains by ‘ferments’
Louis Pasteur
developed the chicken cholera, anthrax, and rabies vaccines
Louis Pasteur
- proved that dust carried germs and found that bacterial spores can be killed by successive heating
- what is this process of heating called?
- John Tyndall
- Tyndallization
postulated that the diseases were caused by invisible living creatures called germs
Roger Bacon
theory that each specific infectious disease is caused by a specific microorganism developed by Pasteur
Germ Theory of Disease
introduced aseptic surgery by demonstrating the value of spraying operating rooms with aq. phenol
Joseph Lister
developed the first pure culture technique using liquid medium - key to bacteria ID
Joseph Lister
perfected the techniques of organism ID used today including the use of solid media
Robert Koch
established the etiologic rule of bacteria for anthrax by isolating it in pure culture and transmitted the disease to mice in 1876
Robert Koch
discovered the tubercle bacilli and formulated the criteria that provides proof that a specific bacterium cause a disease in 1882
Robert Koch
Koch’s Postulates
- causative agent must be present in every case of disease and not in healthy animals
- pathogens must be isolated from the diseased animal host and grown in pure culture away from host
- same disease must be produced when microbes from the culture are inoculated in healthy animals
- same pathogen must be recovered from artificially infected host and be able to grow in pure culture
exceptions to Koch’s Postulates
- viruses (obligate intracellular parasites)
- leprosy bacilli
- spiral organisms