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Science, Technology and Society > Historical Antecedents in the Course of Science and Technology > Flashcards

Historical Antecedents in the Course of Science and Technology Flashcards

1
Q

is the earliest known civilization in the historical region of
southern Mesopotamia, modernday southern Iraq.

A

Sumer

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2
Q

Known for high degree of cooperation with one another.

A

SUMERIAN CIVILIZATION

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3
Q

first writing system develop by Sumerians

A

CUNEIFORM

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4
Q

CUNEIFORM- first writing system develop by

A

Sumerians

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5
Q

SUMERIAN CIVILIZATION developed:

A

cuneifom, Uruk City, The Great Ziggurat of Ur, Irrigation and
Dikes, Sailboats, Wheel, The Plow, Roads

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6
Q

Utilize word, pictures, and triangular symbols

A

cuneifom

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7
Q

Carved on clay using wedge instruments

A

cuneifom

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8
Q

first true City in the World

A

URUK CITY

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9
Q

Utilize mud and clay from the river mixed with reeds, prouing sun-baked bricks

A

URUK CITY

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10
Q

Built houses protected them from harsh weather and walls
prevented wild animals and raiders from entering

A

URUK CITY

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11
Q

URUK CITY- the political and religious centre of the city was the architectural complex named

A

Eanna

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12
Q

Ziggurat

A

mountain of God

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13
Q

Serve as a sacred place for the chief god, where only priest are allowed to enter

A

THE GREAT ZIGGURAT OF UR

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14
Q

Showcases Sumerian architecture

A

THE GREAT ZIGGURAT OF UR

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15
Q

became a single monument, characterized by the rectangular plan, three main steps to the top, three
staircases, one frontal and two lateral and orthogonal to the
first; and oblique sides to sustain the heavy weight of tons
of mud bricks

A

THE GREAT ZIGGURAT OF UR

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16
Q

With the demand for food, water supply or flooding caused
by the river

A

IRRIGATION AND DIKES

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17
Q

improved farming and harvesting

A

Dikes and canals

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18
Q

were used to carry large quantities of products over long
distances

A

Sailboats/boats

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19
Q

Essential for transportation, trading, fostering culture,
information and technology

A

SAILBOATS

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20
Q
  • were made for farm work and food processes
  • improved mass production
A

WHEEL

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21
Q
  • Farm technology
  • Used to dig earth in a faster pace
  • Minimized seed loss
A

PLOW

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22
Q

a black sticky substance similar to asphalt

A

bitumen

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23
Q
  • Bricks were laid on the ground to facilitate faster and easier travel
  • Later, poured bitumen, a black sticky substance similar to
    asphalt
A

Roads

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24
Q

Improved transportation during rainy season

A

Roads

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25
Q

Emerged near the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers

A

BABYLONIAN CIVILIZATION

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26
Q

Great builders and engineers, and architects

A

BABYLONIAN CIVILIZATION

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27
Q

BABYLONIAN CIVILIZATION is known for

A

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

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28
Q

Made of layers of gardens that contained several species of
plants, trees, and vines

A

HANGING GARDEN OF BABYLON

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29
Q

_______________________ built the garden for his wife, _________________

A

King Nebuchadnezzar II, Queen Amytis

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30
Q

The largest and most important Mesopotamian civilizations were:

A
  1. Babylonia
  2. Assyria
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31
Q

area of many territories and peoples that is controlled by one government.

A

Empire

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32
Q

capital city of Babylonia

A

Babylon

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33
Q

groups of travelers. They stopped in
Babylon on their way between Assyria and Sumer

A

Caravans

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34
Q

markets where trade occurred

A

Bazaars

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35
Q

Two things that Babylonia and Assyria had in
common were:

A
  1. They were both vicious warrior empires.
  2. Once they conquered an area, they used the
    riches they gained to build grand cities
    where learning was valued.
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36
Q

Under the rule of the ______________, the _______________________________ became a center for learning and science.

A

Chaldeans; New Babylonian Empire (NBE)

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37
Q

charted the paths of stars and measured the length of a year.

A

Chaldean astronomers

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38
Q

powerful weapon having a wooden beam mounted on wheels

A

Battering Ram

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39
Q

______________________________ were used by the Assyrians to conquer their enemies

A

Battering ram, sling shots, and archers

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40
Q

Capital of Assyria, _____________, was a city of great learning.

A

Nineveh

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41
Q

_________________ contained thousands of clay tablets from Babylon and Sumer.

A

Nineveh library

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42
Q

Located at North Africa

A

EGYPTIAN CIVILIZATION

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43
Q

Known for engineering feats of the pharoahs

A

EGYPTIAN CIVILIZATION

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44
Q

EGYPTIAN CIVILIZATION include

A

papyrus, ink, heiroglyphics, cosmetics, wig, water clock, etc

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45
Q

are used prior to papyrus

A

Clay tablets

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46
Q

is a plant grew abundantly along Nile River

A

papyrus

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47
Q

Lighter and thinner than clay

48
Q

Combination of soot with different chemicals

49
Q
  • Egyptians believed that their writing system was provided by their gods
  • Can still be seen at the walls of pyramids
A

heiroglyphics

50
Q

was for health and aesthetic reasons

51
Q

around the eyes to prevent and cure eye diseases

52
Q

is a mixture of soot/malachite with mineral
galena (lead(II) sulfide)

53
Q

Kohl is a mixture of

A

soot/malachite with mineral galena (lead(II) sulfide)

54
Q

Protection from evil

55
Q

was a sign of holiness

56
Q

are worn for health and wellness

57
Q
  • Protects the head of the wealthy from sun rays
  • Prevents head lice
58
Q

Utilizes gravity affecting the flow of water from one vessel to
the other

A

WATER CLOCK/CLEPSYRA

59
Q

Use as timekeeping device

A

WATER CLOCK/CLEPSYRA

60
Q

Archipelago in the southeastern part of Europe

A

GREEK CIVILIZATION

61
Q

Works on philosophy and mathematics

A

GREEK CIVILIZATION

62
Q

Known for coliseums and the Olympics

A

GREEK CIVILIZATION

63
Q

To tell an individual when to stop/start

A

ALARM CLOCK

64
Q

Made of water, stone, or sand

A

ALARM CLOCK

65
Q
  • Used in agricultural processses like milling of grains such as rice, cereals, and flours
  • Farmers did not have to raise animals
A

WATER MILL

66
Q

Strongest political and social entity in the west

A

ROMAN CIVILIZATION

67
Q

Known for their legislations and codified laws

A

ROMAN CIVILIZATION

68
Q

Contains announcement of the Roman empire to the people

69
Q

Engraved in metal or stone tablets and then publicly displayed

70
Q

Made known after invention of paper

A

BOUND BOOKS OR CODEX

71
Q

Easier for record-keeping

A

BOUND BOOKS OR CODEX

72
Q

started the tradition of stacking up papyrus

A

Julius Caesar

73
Q

Covers were made of animal skin

A

BOUND BOOKS OR CODEX

74
Q

Known for large churches, aqueducts, coliseums, amphitheatres, and houses

A

ROMAN ARCHITECTURE

75
Q

Essential for increasing rate of communication and trade

A

ROMAN NUMERALS

76
Q

Oldest civilization in Asia

A

CHINESE CIVILIZATION

77
Q

Produced by silk worm

78
Q

are used for paper and clothing

79
Q

Bridged the gap of western world and middle kingdom

80
Q

Started with invention of a machine that shreds tea leaves into stripes

A

TEA PRODUCTION

81
Q
  • Largest and extensive infrastructure
  • Controls border of China
  • Made of stone, brick, and wood
A

GREAT WALL OF CHINA

82
Q

Developed by Chinese alchemist who aimed to achieved
immortality

83
Q

gunpowder is a mixture of

A

Mixture of charcoal, sulfur, and potassium nitrate (black
powder)

84
Q

The Paradox

85
Q

Invasions and migrations

A

Medieval/Middle Ages

86
Q

Wars were prevalent

A

Medieval/Middle Ages

87
Q

Technology is needed in the fields of weaponry, navigation, mass food and farm production, and health

A

Medieval/Middle Ages

88
Q

After wars, trade and commerce increased

A

Medieval/Middle Ages

89
Q

Transportation technology becomes in demand

A

Medieval/Middle Ages

90
Q

invent the printing press

A

Johann Gutenberg

91
Q

A wooden machine extracts fruit juice, attached to a metal
impression of the letters, and press firmly cast metal into
paper

A

PRINTING PRESS

92
Q

Improved information dissemination at a faster rate

A

PRINTING PRESS

93
Q

develop the first compound microscope

A

Zacharias Janssen

94
Q

People were able to observe organisms unseen by the naked
eye

A

MICROSCOPE

95
Q

Lead to associate microorganisms to diseases

A

MICROSCOPE

96
Q

Help navigators to see far and wide at sea

97
Q

Together with compass, oars and rudders made sea travelling easier and safer

98
Q
  • Cross bows and long bows
  • Iron body armors
A

WAR WEAPONS

99
Q
  • Population increased
  • People needs efficient means for transportation for trade and longer distance
A

Modern Times

100
Q
  • Faster communication means
  • Challenges in food processing and medicine
A

Modern Times

101
Q

heats dairy products to kill harmful bacteria that makes milk spoils faster

A

PASTEURIZATION

102
Q
  • French biologist
  • Pasteurization heats dairy products to kill harmful bacteria that makes milk spoils faster
  • He also works on fermentation, and vaccination
A

Louis Pasteur

103
Q

invent kerosene by refining petroleum

A

Samuel Kier

104
Q

First serve as home lighting, then was used for heating

A

PETROLEUM REFINERY

105
Q

Telephone was invented by

A

Alexander Graham Bell

106
Q

Paved the way for more complex processing machines
like computer

A

CALCULATOR

107
Q

who invented SALAMANDER AMPHIBOUS
TRICYCLE

A
  • Chief Designer, Victor Llave
  • Together with Dominic N. Chung and Lamberto Armada
108
Q

how to make salt lamp

A

Two table spoon of salt and a glass of tap water

109
Q

who invented SALT LAMP

A

Aisa Mijeno

110
Q

SALT LAMP meaning

A

Sustainable Alternative Lighting (SALt) lamp

111
Q

High mortality rate in Ph newborn babies

A

MEDICAL INCUBATOR

112
Q

MEDICAL INCUBATOR was invented by

A

Dr. Fe del Mundo

113
Q

Uses heated bottles with water

A

MEDICAL INCUBATOR

114
Q
  • For endemic Dengue
  • Solution for insecticidal resistance
A

MOSQUITO OVICIDAL/LARVICIDAL TRAP SYSTEM

115
Q
  • Solution for pollution
  • Utilizes electricity

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