Historical Antecedents in the Course of Science and Technology Flashcards
1
Q
is the earliest known civilization in the historical region of
southern Mesopotamia, modernday southern Iraq.
A
Sumer
2
Q
Known for high degree of cooperation with one another.
A
SUMERIAN CIVILIZATION
3
Q
first writing system develop by Sumerians
A
CUNEIFORM
4
Q
CUNEIFORM- first writing system develop by
A
Sumerians
5
Q
SUMERIAN CIVILIZATION developed:
A
cuneifom, Uruk City, The Great Ziggurat of Ur, Irrigation and
Dikes, Sailboats, Wheel, The Plow, Roads
6
Q
Utilize word, pictures, and triangular symbols
A
cuneifom
7
Q
Carved on clay using wedge instruments
A
cuneifom
8
Q
first true City in the World
A
URUK CITY
9
Q
Utilize mud and clay from the river mixed with reeds, prouing sun-baked bricks
A
URUK CITY
10
Q
Built houses protected them from harsh weather and walls
prevented wild animals and raiders from entering
A
URUK CITY
11
Q
URUK CITY- the political and religious centre of the city was the architectural complex named
A
Eanna
12
Q
Ziggurat
A
mountain of God
13
Q
Serve as a sacred place for the chief god, where only priest are allowed to enter
A
THE GREAT ZIGGURAT OF UR
14
Q
Showcases Sumerian architecture
A
THE GREAT ZIGGURAT OF UR
15
Q
became a single monument, characterized by the rectangular plan, three main steps to the top, three
staircases, one frontal and two lateral and orthogonal to the
first; and oblique sides to sustain the heavy weight of tons
of mud bricks
A
THE GREAT ZIGGURAT OF UR
16
Q
With the demand for food, water supply or flooding caused
by the river
A
IRRIGATION AND DIKES
17
Q
improved farming and harvesting
A
Dikes and canals
18
Q
were used to carry large quantities of products over long
distances
A
Sailboats/boats
19
Q
Essential for transportation, trading, fostering culture,
information and technology
A
SAILBOATS
20
Q
- were made for farm work and food processes
- improved mass production
A
WHEEL
21
Q
- Farm technology
- Used to dig earth in a faster pace
- Minimized seed loss
A
PLOW
22
Q
a black sticky substance similar to asphalt
A
bitumen
23
Q
- Bricks were laid on the ground to facilitate faster and easier travel
- Later, poured bitumen, a black sticky substance similar to
asphalt
A
Roads
24
Q
Improved transportation during rainy season
A
Roads
25
Emerged near the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
BABYLONIAN CIVILIZATION
26
Great builders and engineers, and architects
BABYLONIAN CIVILIZATION
27
BABYLONIAN CIVILIZATION is known for
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
28
Made of layers of gardens that contained several species of
plants, trees, and vines
HANGING GARDEN OF BABYLON
29
_______________________ built the garden for his wife, _________________
King Nebuchadnezzar II, Queen Amytis
30
The largest and most important Mesopotamian civilizations were:
1. Babylonia
2. Assyria
31
area of many territories and peoples that is controlled by one government.
Empire
32
capital city of Babylonia
Babylon
33
groups of travelers. They stopped in
Babylon on their way between Assyria and Sumer
Caravans
34
markets where trade occurred
Bazaars
35
Two things that Babylonia and Assyria had in
common were:
1. They were both vicious warrior empires.
2. Once they conquered an area, they used the
riches they gained to build grand cities
where learning was valued.
36
Under the rule of the ______________, the _______________________________ became a center for learning and science.
Chaldeans; New Babylonian Empire (NBE)
37
charted the paths of stars and measured the length of a year.
Chaldean astronomers
38
powerful weapon having a wooden beam mounted on wheels
Battering Ram
39
______________________________ were used by the Assyrians to conquer their enemies
Battering ram, sling shots, and archers
40
Capital of Assyria, _____________, was a city of great learning.
Nineveh
41
_________________ contained thousands of clay tablets from Babylon and Sumer.
Nineveh library
42
Located at North Africa
EGYPTIAN CIVILIZATION
43
Known for engineering feats of the pharoahs
EGYPTIAN CIVILIZATION
44
EGYPTIAN CIVILIZATION include
papyrus, ink, heiroglyphics, cosmetics, wig, water clock, etc
45
are used prior to papyrus
Clay tablets
46
is a plant grew abundantly along Nile River
papyrus
47
Lighter and thinner than clay
papyrus
48
Combination of soot with different chemicals
ink
49
- Egyptians believed that their writing system was provided by their gods
- Can still be seen at the walls of pyramids
heiroglyphics
50
was for health and aesthetic reasons
COSMETICS
51
around the eyes to prevent and cure eye diseases
Kohl
52
is a mixture of soot/malachite with mineral
galena (lead(II) sulfide)
Kohl
53
Kohl is a mixture of
soot/malachite with mineral galena (lead(II) sulfide)
54
Protection from evil
COSMETICS
55
was a sign of holiness
beauty
56
are worn for health and wellness
wigs
57
- Protects the head of the wealthy from sun rays
- Prevents head lice
wigs
58
Utilizes gravity affecting the flow of water from one vessel to
the other
WATER CLOCK/CLEPSYRA
59
Use as timekeeping device
WATER CLOCK/CLEPSYRA
60
Archipelago in the southeastern part of Europe
GREEK CIVILIZATION
61
Works on philosophy and mathematics
GREEK CIVILIZATION
62
Known for coliseums and the Olympics
GREEK CIVILIZATION
63
To tell an individual when to stop/start
ALARM CLOCK
64
Made of water, stone, or sand
ALARM CLOCK
65
- Used in agricultural processses like milling of grains such as rice, cereals, and flours
- Farmers did not have to raise animals
WATER MILL
66
Strongest political and social entity in the west
ROMAN CIVILIZATION
67
Known for their legislations and codified laws
ROMAN CIVILIZATION
68
Contains announcement of the Roman empire to the people
NEWSPAPER
69
Engraved in metal or stone tablets and then publicly displayed
NEWSPAPER
70
Made known after invention of paper
BOUND BOOKS OR CODEX
71
Easier for record-keeping
BOUND BOOKS OR CODEX
72
started the tradition of stacking up papyrus
Julius Caesar
73
Covers were made of animal skin
BOUND BOOKS OR CODEX
74
Known for large churches, aqueducts, coliseums, amphitheatres, and houses
ROMAN ARCHITECTURE
75
Essential for increasing rate of communication and trade
ROMAN NUMERALS
76
Oldest civilization in Asia
CHINESE CIVILIZATION
77
Produced by silk worm
SILK
78
are used for paper and clothing
SILK
79
Bridged the gap of western world and middle kingdom
SILK
80
Started with invention of a machine that shreds tea leaves into stripes
TEA PRODUCTION
81
- Largest and extensive infrastructure
- Controls border of China
- Made of stone, brick, and wood
GREAT WALL OF CHINA
82
Developed by Chinese alchemist who aimed to achieved
immortality
GUNPOWDER
83
gunpowder is a mixture of
Mixture of charcoal, sulfur, and potassium nitrate (black
powder)
84
The Paradox
GUNPOWDER
85
Invasions and migrations
Medieval/Middle Ages
86
Wars were prevalent
Medieval/Middle Ages
87
Technology is needed in the fields of weaponry, navigation, mass food and farm production, and health
Medieval/Middle Ages
88
After wars, trade and commerce increased
Medieval/Middle Ages
89
Transportation technology becomes in demand
Medieval/Middle Ages
90
invent the printing press
Johann Gutenberg
91
A wooden machine extracts fruit juice, attached to a metal
impression of the letters, and press firmly cast metal into
paper
PRINTING PRESS
92
Improved information dissemination at a faster rate
PRINTING PRESS
93
develop the first compound microscope
Zacharias Janssen
94
People were able to observe organisms unseen by the naked
eye
MICROSCOPE
95
Lead to associate microorganisms to diseases
MICROSCOPE
96
Help navigators to see far and wide at sea
TELESCOPE
97
Together with compass, oars and rudders made sea travelling easier and safer
TELESCOPE
98
- Cross bows and long bows
- Iron body armors
WAR WEAPONS
99
- Population increased
- People needs efficient means for transportation for trade and longer distance
Modern Times
100
- Faster communication means
- Challenges in food processing and medicine
Modern Times
101
heats dairy products to kill harmful bacteria that makes milk spoils faster
PASTEURIZATION
102
- French biologist
- Pasteurization heats dairy products to kill harmful bacteria that makes milk spoils faster
- He also works on fermentation, and vaccination
Louis Pasteur
103
invent kerosene by refining petroleum
Samuel Kier
104
First serve as home lighting, then was used for heating
PETROLEUM REFINERY
105
Telephone was invented by
Alexander Graham Bell
106
Paved the way for more complex processing machines
like computer
CALCULATOR
107
who invented SALAMANDER AMPHIBOUS
TRICYCLE
- Chief Designer, Victor Llave
- Together with Dominic N. Chung and Lamberto Armada
108
how to make salt lamp
Two table spoon of salt and a glass of tap water
109
who invented SALT LAMP
Aisa Mijeno
110
SALT LAMP meaning
Sustainable Alternative Lighting (SALt) lamp
111
High mortality rate in Ph newborn babies
MEDICAL INCUBATOR
112
MEDICAL INCUBATOR was invented by
Dr. Fe del Mundo
113
Uses heated bottles with water
MEDICAL INCUBATOR
114
- For endemic Dengue
- Solution for insecticidal resistance
MOSQUITO OVICIDAL/LARVICIDAL TRAP SYSTEM
115
- Solution for pollution
- Utilizes electricity
EJEEPNEY
