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RMT > HISTOPATH > Flashcards

HISTOPATH Flashcards

1
Q

Dolor means

A

Pain

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2
Q

Site of collection for hormonal studies

A

Upper quadrant of vaginal wall

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3
Q

Prosector of autopsy

A

Pathologist

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4
Q

Cells with fried egg appearance

A

Parabasal cells

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5
Q

Stain for copper pigments (recall)

A

Lindquist rhodamine

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6
Q

Ratio of 10% formalin

A

1:9 (1 parts of stocksolution: 9 parts of water)

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7
Q

Most common metallic fixative

A

Mercuric chloride

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8
Q

Most rapid fixative

A

Carnoy’s

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9
Q

Pathology means

A

Study of suffering/pain

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10
Q

Tissues with intercalated disk

A

Cardiac muscle

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11
Q

Flat, polyhedral cells with a pyknotic nucleus

A

Superficial cells

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12
Q

Removes nicks

A

Honing

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13
Q

Scott’s tap water is employed for

A

Blueing Agent

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14
Q

Alkaline Fast green is useful as a stain for

A

Histones

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15
Q

Fastest method of paraffin impregnation

A

Vacuum

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16
Q

Ideal fixative to tissue ratio

A

20:1

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17
Q

-Itis means

A

Inflammation

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18
Q

Ab class used in IHC

A

IgG

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19
Q

Both a nuclear and histochemical fixative

A

Newcomer’s

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20
Q

Stain for glomerular basement membrane

A

PAS (Periodic Acid Schiff)

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21
Q

Inventor of Sliding microtome

A

Adams

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22
Q

Epon is employed as

A

Plastic embedding medium for Electron microscopy

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23
Q

Non-appearance of organ

A

Agenesia

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24
Q

Clearing agent that becomes milky

A

Xylene

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25
Q

Routine fixative for exfoliative cytology

A

95% ethanol

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26
Q

Recommended fixative for cell detail in tissue photography

A

Mercuric chloride

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27
Q

Negri bodies are seen in which viral disease

A

Rabies

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28
Q

Presence of mononuclear cells are associated with which type of inflammation

A

Chronic inflammation

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29
Q

Most reliable feature of malignancy

A

Metastasis

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30
Q

Double embedding technique

A

1st: Celloidin ; 2nd: Paraffin

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31
Q

Tissue examination can be performed in _____ or ______

A

Fresh or Preserved tissues

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32
Q

Examined in its living state;
Allows examination of protoplasmic activities;

A

Fresh tissues

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33
Q

What are the protoplasmic activities of fresh tissues?

A

Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
Mitosis
Motility

(PPMM)

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34
Q

Tissues are not permanent:

Fresh or Preserved ?

A

Fresh tissues

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35
Q

4 Methods of FRESH TISSUES examination

A

Teasing/ Dissociation
Squash Preparation/Crushing
Smear Preparation
Frozen Section

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36
Q

Tissues is immersed in a watch glass with NSS;
Dissected or separated using needle

A

Teasing/ Dissociation

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37
Q

In Teasing, tissues is immersed in a watch glass with _____

A

NSS

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38
Q

Microscope needed in Teasing method

A

Phase contrast/ Bright field

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39
Q

Stain used in Teasing method

A

Methylene Blue

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40
Q

Small tissues are placed in a slide;
Tissues are compressed with another slide or coverslip

A

Squash Preparation/Crushing

41
Q

In squash method, what is the size of tissue needed to be place in a slide

A

1mm or less

42
Q

Stain used in squash method

A

Supravital stain

43
Q

Cellular materials are spread lightly over a slide

A

Smear preparation

44
Q

Method of fresh tissue examination:

Useful for cytology

A

Smear Preparation

45
Q

4 types of Smear Preparation

A

Streaking
Spreading
Pull- Apart
Touch Preparation

46
Q

Material is added using an applicator stick of loop in a direct or zigzag fashion

A

Streaking

47
Q

Material is placed on a clean slide and spread into a moderately thick film by teasing with an applicator stick

A

Spreading

48
Q

Advantage of spreading smear

A

Maintains intercellular relationship

49
Q

Use of 2 slides in preparing the smear

A

Pull-Apart

50
Q

Smear used for thick secretions

A

Pull-Apart

51
Q

Touch preparation is A.K.A

A

Impression smear

52
Q

Freshly cut piece of tissue in brought into contact and pressed on to the surface of a clean slide

A

Touch Preparation

53
Q

Touch preparation is used for

A

Lymph nodes

54
Q

The slide of touch preparation should be ____ and _____

A

sterile and with polished edges

55
Q

For rapid diagnosis of fresh tissue examination

A

Frozen section

56
Q

Time needed for:
Rush Frozen Section

A

5-15 mins

57
Q

Apparatus used in Frozen section

A

Cryostat/Cold microtome
Freezing Microtome

58
Q

Method of tissue examination:

Used for demonstration of lipids, nervous tissue elements ,enzymes

A

Frozen section

59
Q

Preserved tissue processing:

Permanent or Not Permanent?

A

Permanent

60
Q

Frozen section is done:

Intraoperatively or Preoperative or Postoperative

A

Intraoperatively

61
Q

First and most important step in histopathology

A

Numbering (Accessioning)

62
Q

In numbering, the specimen number is preceded by either:
S=
A=
C=

A

Surgical
Autopsy
Cytology

63
Q

Example:
S99-0345, what does it mean?

A

345th Surgical specimen in the year 1999

64
Q

The MT will then write down the description for processing at the ________

back of the request or in-front of the request ?

A

back of the request

65
Q

Use ___ in writing the description of the tissue specimen

A

Pencil

66
Q

Specimen size for processing:

A

2 x 3 cm
3-5 mm thick

67
Q

What can be added for small tissues

A

1% eosin

68
Q

For electron microscopy, specimen size should be?

A

1 mm^3

69
Q

Most crucial step in histopath

A

Fixation

70
Q

Process of preserving cells and tissue constituents in a condition identical to that existing during life

A

Fixation

71
Q

Fixation prevent ____

A

Autolysis

72
Q

Self-destruction of tissues

A

Autolysis

73
Q

3 Methods of Fixation

A

Heat fixation
Perfusion
Immersion

74
Q

Fixation via blood flow

A

Perfusion

75
Q

2 Mechanism of action in fixation

A

Additive
Non-additive

76
Q

The fixative becomes part of the tissue by formation of cross links/complexes

A

Additive

77
Q

Stabilizes the tissue proteins

A

Additve

78
Q

Ex: of additive fixation

A

Mercury
Formalin
Osmium tetroxide

79
Q

Fixative not incorporated into the tissues

A

Non-additive

80
Q

Alteration of tissue composition

Additive or Non-additive?

A

Non-Additive

81
Q

Stabilizes the tissue by removing water

Additive or Non-additive?

A

Non-Additive

82
Q

Ex of Non-additive fixation

A

Alcoholic fixative

83
Q

Ex of mordant/accentuators in fixation

A

Osmium tetroxide
Potassium dichromate

84
Q

pH of fixation

A

6-8

85
Q

Traditional temp for fixation

A

Room temp

86
Q

Autotech temp for fixation

A

40Degree Celsius

87
Q

EM and Histochem temp for fixation

A

0-4 Degree Celsius

88
Q

Rapid fixation temp

A

60 Degree Celsius

89
Q

Temp of fixation for tissues with TB

A

100 Degree Celsius

90
Q

Thickness of fixation for EM

A

1mm ^3 or
1-2 mm^2

91
Q

Thickness of fixation for LM

A

2x3 cm or
2cm^2

92
Q

Tissues should not be more than ___ thick

A

4-5 mm

93
Q

Thickness of edematous lung tissues

A

10-20 mm or
1-2cm

94
Q

Suspended in whole and tie with string

A

Brain tissues

95
Q

Brain tissues should be tie at the string of ___ (recall)

A

Circle of Willis

96
Q

Fixative for brain tissues

A

10% buffered formalin

97
Q

Brain tissues should be fixed for how many?

A

2-3 weeks

98
Q

Ex of large solid tissues

A

Uterus

99
Q

Large solid tissues should be ____ to allow the fixative to enter the tissue

A

Cut open

RMT (2 decks)

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