HISTOPATH Flashcards
Assisting the physician in the preparation of microscopic cellular structures in the diagnosis of abnormal cellular growth
HISTOPATHOLOGIC TECHNIQUES
histopathology is the combination of
histology and pathology
histopathology is also called?
anatomic pathology
The art and science of producing a quality tissue section to enable the pathologist to diagnose the presence or absence of disease
histopathology
will determine the medical condition, of the patient.
pathologist
performs autopsy and biopsy
pahtologist
examine the entire body of a dead person.
Determine the cause and manner of death
autopsy
autopsy is also known as
post-mortem examination
Extraction of sample cells or tissues for examination to determine the presence or extent of a disease.
biopsy
branch of biology that deals with the microscopic anatomy of cells, tissues and organs in relation to their function.
histology
histology is the counterpart of what?
gross anatomy
the scientific study of the nature of the disease and its causes, processes, development, and consequences
pathology
father of histology
Marie Francois Xavier Bichat
Father of histopathology and cellular pathology
Johannes Peter Muller
Proposed the use of formaldehyde as a fixative
Ferdinand Blum
Recording the tissue specimen in a log book and assigning identification numbers to the received specimen
NUMBERING/CATALOG
process by which pathology specimens undergo examination with the bare eye to obtain diagnostic information
GROSS EXAMINATION
commonly performed test in anatomic pathology
Routine histopathologic examination
Cytopathological techniques:
cell block
cytospin
Preserving the tissue specimen in as life-like a manner as possible
fixation
Routine fixative
10% formalin
Removal of calcium from some tissues or organs
DECALCIFICATION
Routine decalcifying agent
nitric acid
Removing water from the specimen
DEHYDRATION
It used to remove water from the specimen
ethyl alcohol
Removing excess alcohol in tissues
CLEARING
Makes tissues transparent
CLEARING
Routine clearing agent:
xylene
Filling up tissue spaces or cavities
INFILTRATION/IMPREGNATION
tissue spaces or cavities are filled up with
melted paraffin wax
Placing the infiltrated tissue inside a mold
EMBEDDING
Removing excess paraffin wax from the block
TRIMMING
Trimming is removing excess paraffin wax from the block until it assumes the shape of a
truncated pyramid
Cutting of tissue block into thin slices
SECTIONING
In sectioning, how thin should the sections be?
0.5-100µm
In sectioning, the thin slices are called
ribbons or sections
In sectioning, what is used to section?
microtome
In sectioning, what is used to section?
Rotary microtome
In staining what are used to differentiate the cells and the cell constituents
hematoxylin and eosin dyes
Putting the cover slip on the stained tissues using a mounting medium
mounting
The specimen number is indicated on the glass slide. Given to pathologist for reading
LABELING
To investigate superficial masses or lumps to detect any pathologic condition like malignancy
FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION BIOPSY
Insertion of a hollow needle into the mass for sample collection
FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION BIOPSY
Screening for cervical cancer and any pre-cancerous changes in the cervix
PAPANICOLAOU SMEAR
detect STDs such as trichomoniasis, candidiasis, and human papillomavirus (HPV)
PAPANICOLAOU SMEAR
PAPANICOLAOU SMEAR is also called
PAP SMEAR
Paraffin-embedded specimen prepared from dried mucus, sputum, and debris found in body fluids.
CELL BLOCK
To concentrate cells on a slide in a uniform monolayer using a high-speed centrifuge
CYTOSPIN
Performed when an immediate or rapid microscopic analysis of specimen is needed
FROZEN SECTION
What is used in frozen section
Cryostat
Uses special stains to determine the chemical compounds and their distribution within and in between the biological cells of the body
HISTOCHEMISTRY
Detecting antigens in the cells of tissue sections by using antibodies
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMINCAL STAINING
Thorough examination of a dead body to determine the cause of death, manner of death, and to evaluate any disease or injury that may have been present
POST-MORTEN EXAMINATION OR AUTOPSY
Autopsy is performed by a
forensic pathologist
