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Anatomy Week 3 > Histology Stuff > Flashcards

Histology Stuff Flashcards

1
Q

What type of epithelium lines body walls, cavities, tubes, and vascular channels?

A

Surface Epithelium

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2
Q

What type of epithelium forms glands and secretory ducts?

A

Glandular Epithelium

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3
Q

What is a major difference in endocrine and exocrine glands?

A

endocrine glands have ducts

Exocrine glands do not

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4
Q

What are some features of epithelium?

A 
Cells closely opposed
Polarized
Present at cell surface
Rest on the basement membrane
avascular
Form continuous sheets
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5
Q

What two criteria are used to classify epitheilia?

A

number of layers (simple, stratified)

Shape of cells (squamous, cuboidal, columnar)

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6
Q

Where can simple squamous endothelium be found?

A

Lines the blood vessels and heart, shows as a thin layer with a stretched nucleus.

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7
Q

Where can simple squamous mesoderm be found?

A

Closed body cavities. Looks like tiles on a floor

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8
Q

Where can simple cuboidal epithelium be found?

A

kidney tubules. (nuclei is at the center and they are evenly spaced)

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9
Q

Where can simple columnar epithelium be found?

A

Gallbladder and Small intestine (has goblet cells intersperced) [nuclei typically in base]

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10
Q

What are the two types of stratified squamous epithelium?

A

non-keritinized and keritinized

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11
Q

What formes the lining of larger glandular ducts?

A

stratified columnar and cuboidal epithelium

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12
Q

Where can pseudostratified columnar epithelium be found?

A

Male reproductive tract (have stereocillia and a large lumen)
Respiratory (ciliated, intersperced with goblet cells)

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13
Q

What type of epithelium is made for stretching?

A

transitional epithelium

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14
Q

Is transitional epithelium stratified?

A

yes

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15
Q

What is the basement membrane of epithelium made of?

A

reticular lamina, and collagen fibrils

lamina densa and reticular layer

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16
Q

What are the components of the basal lamina?

A

collagen type 4 (for strength), proteoglycans (increase permeability of the basal lamina)

17
Q

What is laminin?

A

glycoprotein with 3 large binding domains, 1 for collagen type 4, one for perlean, one for integrin receptors in the epithelial cell membrane

18
Q

What do terminal bars consist of?

A

Zona occludens, zonula adherens, Macula adherins

19
Q

What does the zona occludens do?

A

prevents passage of molecules, prevents passage of proteins using claudin (occludin is also there)

20
Q

What layer does becterial toxin break down?

A

decomposes proteins and allows fluid in = food poisoning

21
Q

What is the job of the zonula adherens?

A

like a zipper and helps dissipate mechanical forces

22
Q

What proteins make up zonula adherins?

A

actin (from within cell to dissipate shock) and E-cadherin ( two of these touch to join two cells)

23
Q

What ion is cadherin dependent on?

A

Ca2+

24
Q

How do macula adherins work?

A

like spot welds. Desmocolins and desmogleins attach to keratin in the cytoskeleton

25
Q

What side of the cell do gap junctions exist on?

A

The lateral side of the cell

26
Q

What protein makes up gap junctions?

A

Connexon- makes a little tunnel

27
Q

What are gap junctions important for?

A

coordination of movment like the beating of cilia

28
Q

Spinous processes showing as an artifact may indicate what?

A

That the cells are joined by tight junctions

29
Q

What is pemphigus vulgaris?

A

autoimmune disorder where antibodies are produced against desmosomes

30
Q

What is the symptom of pemphigus vulgaris?

A

severe blistering

31
Q

Where are the only two places to find microvilli?

A

the brush border of the kidney and striated border of the small intestine

32
Q

What creates microvilli?

A

Vertical parallel microvilli and a terminal web that they insert into below

33
Q

What is ciliac disease?

A

villi become inflammed and shortened, causes a decreased absorption in nutrients

34
Q

What are stereocillia?

A

long MICROVILLI - can be found in sensory cells of the ear and in ductus epidymus

35
Q

What structures is commonly found the in respiratory tract to move mucous?

A

Cilia

36
Q

Describe the arragement of tubules in cillia

A

9 pairs of 2 in a circle with dyeinin arms, 2 tubules in the middle, 9 triplets at the base

37
Q

What is dynein?

A

a motor protein

38
Q

What is Kartagam?

A

a disease where you don’t produce dynein arms and makes are infertile, also lots of respiratory tract infections

Anatomy Week 3 (10 decks)

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