Histology Pt 2

Question 0

What are the two types of matrix? Describe them.

Answer 0

1. Ground substance: background material in which the cells are embedded
2. Protein fibers: lie within or embedded in ground substance

Question 1

Connective tissue is said to be widely spaced and separated by matrix. What is matrix?

Answer 1

The intercellular substance that both surrounds and is secreted by cells of connective tissues, with the exception of blood.

Question 2

What are the subcomponents of ground substance?

Answer 2

i. amorphous: no specific shape, liquid or semiliquid

ii. structural: very definite shape

Question 3

What are the subcomponents of protein substance?

Answer 3

i. collagen bundles: look like pink, smeared lines
ii. elastic fibers: appear as distinct, dark lines
iii. reticular fibers: small

Question 4

How do we name Connective Tissue cells?

Answer 4

Often, the name ends in “cyte.”

Question 5

What are examples of connective tissue?

Answer 5

Areolar connective tissue, Adipose tissue, Blood, Bone, Hyaline Cartilage, Fibrocartilage, Elastic Cartilage

Question 6

What connective tissue includes macrophages, fibroblasts, monocytes, and mast cells, and has a lot of collagen fibers and elastic fibers?

Answer 6

Areolar Connective Tissue

Question 7

What type of tissue has a fat storage vacuole where fat is stored, and when it is full the organelles are pushed to the side, giving the cell a class ring appearance?

Answer 7

Adipose

Question 8

What is the type of cell within the adipose tissue?

Answer 8

Adipocyte

Question 9

What is a mature Adipocyte cell (one filled with fat) called?

Answer 9

Signet Ring Cell

Question 10

What does adipose tissue look like?

Answer 10

Chicken wire

Question 11

What is a liquid tissue that is responsible for circulating oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body, and for protecting the body against invaders?

Answer 11

Blood

Question 12

What are the two main cell types found in blood? Describe them.

Answer 12

Erythrocytes: red blood cells; small, great in number, anucleate
Leukocytes: white blood cells; larger, but few in number, have a nucleus

Question 13

What is Matrix?

Answer 13

Plasma (not secreted by blood cells)

Question 14

What are platelets (thrombocytes)?

Answer 14

Cell fragments involved in clotting (note that platelets are not true cells)

Question 15

What is osseus tissue?

Answer 15

Bone

Question 16

Osseus Tissue (Bone)
What is the region where blood vessels pass through the bone?

Answer 16

Central canal

Question 17

Osseus Tissue (Bone)
What is the fluid-filled cavity where you find the bone cells?

Answer 17

Lacunae

Question 18

Osseus Tissue (Bone)
What is the bone cell?

Answer 18

Osteocyte

Question 19

Osseus Tissue (Bone)
What is the matrix?

Answer 19

Lamellae

Question 20

Osseus Tissue (Bone)
What are the hair-like canals from the lacunae to the central canal that allow osteocytes to get nutrients?

Answer 20

Canaliculi

Question 21

What does cartilage do?

Answer 21

Provides flexibility and support

Question 22

What are the three types of cartilage?

Answer 22

1. Hyaline Cartilage
2. Fibrocartilage
3. Elastic Cartilage

Question 23

What is the job of hyaline cartilage?

Answer 23

Offers equal flexibility and support

Question 24

What does the hyaline cartilage look like? Describe.

Answer 24

The matrix does not have any fibers and looks smooth. The hyaline cartilage cell is called a chondrocyte and is found in a lacunae (a space or sack in the matrix).
It is found in the ribs and nose.

Question 25

What is the job of the Fibrocartilage?

Answer 25

More support and less flexibility

Question 26

Where can you find Fibrocartilage? What does it look like?

Answer 26

In between the vertebrae in the back.
Collagen fibers give it a streaky look.
The cell is still the chondrocyte and is found in the lacunae.

Question 27

What is the job of elastic cartilage?

Answer 27

Makes the tissue more flexible and less strong

Question 28

Where can you find elastic cartilage?

Answer 28

In the auricle of the ear (outer ear)

Question 29

What is a special part of the elastic cartilage? What does it do?

Answer 29

Perichondrium: supplies blood to cartilage