Histology of the GI Tract

Question 1

What is the hierarchical organisation?

Answer 1

Cells (ultrastructural level)

Tissues (molecular level)

Organ

Organ system

Organism

Question 2

What is the first question you should ask yourself when looking at a histological image?

Answer 2

How magnified the image is

Question 3

What are the 4 basic types of tissues?

Answer 3

Epithelial

Connective tissue

Muscle tissue

Nervous tissue

Question 4

What are different classifications of epithelial tissue?

Answer 4

Columnar

Cuboidal

Squamous

Question 5

What is epithelial tissue?

Answer 5

Tissue on the surface

Question 6

What is connective tissue?

Answer 6

Space filling tissue

Question 7

What are the functions of muscle tissue?

Answer 7

Contractions, movement

Question 8

What are the functions of nervous tissue?

Answer 8

Integrates and coordinates

Question 9

What is a tissue?

Answer 9

Group of cells that work together and perform the same function

Question 10

What is a tissue formed from?

Answer 10

Cells and extracellular substance

Question 11

What is an organ formed from?

Answer 11

Two or more types of tissues

Question 12

What is 1?

Question 13

What is 2?

Question 14

What is 3?

Question 15

What is 4?

Question 16

What are the layers of the muscularis externa?

Answer 16

Inner circular muscle

Outer longitudinal muscle

Question 17

What is the classification of the epithelium in th eoesophagus?

Answer 17

Stratified squamous non-keritinised epithelium

Question 18

What kind of muscle is the upper 1/3 of the muscular layer of the oesophagus?

Answer 18

Skeletal muscle

Question 19

What kinds of muscle is the middle 1/3 of the muscular layer of the oesophagus?

Answer 19

Smooth muscle and skeletal muscle

Question 20

What kind of muscle of the lower 1/3 of the muscular layer of the oesophagus?

Answer 20

Smooth muscle

Question 21

What is 1?

Question 22

What is 2?

Question 23

Who do parietal cells secrete?

Answer 23

Hydrochloric acid

Question 24

What do chief cells secrete?

Answer 24

Pepsinogen

Question 25

What is the classification of the epithelium in the stomach?

Answer 25

Simple columnar epithelium

Question 26

In what layer are the gastric glands in the stomach found?

Answer 26

Mucosa (above muscularis mucosae)

Question 27

What is unique about the muscularis externa of the stomach?

Answer 27

Has 3 layers, containing a middle oblique muscle

Question 28

What is found in the mucosa of the small intestine?

Answer 28

Villi Cryptos of Leiberkuhn Lymphoid aggregations (Peyer's patches)

Question 29

What are crypts of Leiberkuhn?

Answer 29

Found in small intestine, similar to gastric glands of the stomach, contain stem cells that produce a number of different cell types including enterocytes

Question 30

Where are Brunner's glands found?

Answer 30

Submucosa of the duodenum

Question 31

In what part of the GI tract are peyer's patches found?

Answer 31

Ileum

Question 32

Where in the GI tract do villi first appear?

Answer 32

Ileum

Question 33

What part of the GI tract is the following image?

Answer 33

Jejunum

Question 34

What part of the GI tract is the following image?

Answer 34

Ileum

Question 35

What part of the GI tract is the following image?

Answer 35

Duodenum

Question 36

What part of the GI tract is the following image?

Answer 36

Oesophagus

Question 37

What part of the GI tract is the following image?

Answer 37

Stomach

Question 38

What are Paneth cells?

Answer 38

Highly secretory cells that produce and package a variety of antimicrobial proteins and peptides

Question 39

What does the large intestine contain histologically?

Answer 39

Thick mucosa Crypts Mucous secreting cells

Question 40

What part of the GI tract is the following?

Answer 40

Large intestine

Question 41

What are some glands of the GI tract?

Answer 41

Salivary glands (in head/neck bodies) Pancreas Liver

Question 42

What is the secretory component of exocrine glands?

Answer 42

Acinar

Question 43

What are the 3 major pairs of salivary glands?

Answer 43

Parotid Submandibular Sublinguinal

Question 44

What does this histological image show?

Answer 44

Pancreas

Question 45

What is 1?

Answer 45

Islet of Langerhans (no endocrine part so no acini)

Question 46

What is 2?

Answer 46

Exocrine part of pancreas, contains pancreatic acini

Question 47

What is 3?

Answer 47

Pancreatic duct (for exocrine part)

Question 48

What does this histological image show?

Answer 48

Liver