Histology of Female Reproductive Tract

Question 1

What type of epithelium lines the ovary, and what is this a common site for?

Answer 1

simple cuboidal

ovarian cancer

Question 2

What stains blue below the epithelial layer?

Answer 2

Tunica albuginea (dense connective tissue)

Question 3

What to germ cells from the yolk sac invade ovaries and grow by mitosis to form?

Answer 3

ooginia (these then divide to form oocytes)

Question 4

What is folliculogenesis?

Answer 4

growth of follicle (consists of oocyte and support cells)

Question 5

Before birth, meiosis begins in the oocyte, but halts at which stage?

Answer 5

prophase

Question 6

What will happen if the oocyte fails to associate with pregranulosa cells (follicle cells)?

Answer 6

it dies

Question 7

Describe the histology of pregranulosa/follicle cells.

Answer 7

squamous, but become cuboidal if the follicle enters growth phase

Question 8

Name the special extracellular matrix between the oocyte and granulose cells.

Answer 8

zona pellucida

Question 9

Which layer secretes oestrogen precursors, wich will then be converted to oestrogen by granulosa cells?

Answer 9

theca interna

Question 10

What are the very largest antral follicles?

Answer 10

Graafian follicles

Question 11

What are the layers of muscle in the ampulla and isthmus?

Answer 11

2 layers of smooth muscle in ampulla

3 in isthmus

Question 12

What is the name of the inner secretory mucosa in the uterus which is shed during menstruation?

Answer 12

endometriosis

Question 13

What is the name of the coat of the 3 layers of smooth muscles, combined with collagen and elastic tissue?

Answer 13

myometrium

Question 14

What is the endometrium divided into?

Answer 14

stratum functionalis(undergoes monthly growth/loss)
Stratum Basalis (reserve tissue, regenerates functionalis)

Question 15

What lines the endometrial glands?

Answer 15

pseudostratified columnar

Question 16

What do the glands become like during the secretory phase?

Answer 16

coiled and corkscrew appearance

Question 17

Name the short cylinder with a small lumen that projects into the upper vagina?

Answer 17

cervix

Question 18

What lines the cervix?

Answer 18

mostly fibrous connective tissue, covered by stratified squamous

Question 19

Name the 4 layers of the vagine.

Answer 19

1. non keratinized strat squamous epithelium
2. lamina propria (connective tissue)
3. fibromuscular layer
4. adventitia

Question 20

Are there glands in the wall of the vagina?

Answer 20

no

Question 21

Name the skin which contains highly oblique hair follicles overlying a substantial subcutaneous fat pad

Answer 21

mons pubis

Question 22

Name the structure consisting of extensions of mons pubis, similar structure and rich in aprocrine sweat glands and sebaceous glands.

Answer 22

labia majora

Question 23

Name the thin skin folds, that lack subcatenous fat and hair follicles, but are rich in vasculature/glands

Answer 23

labia minora

Question 24

Name the structure containing 2 tubes of erectile vascular tissue

Answer 24

clitoris