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histology note cards Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the epithelial tissue?

A

The lining tissue that forms the boundary between our boy and the external environment.

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2
Q

What are the functions of the Epithelial tissue?

A

Protection, Absorption, Filtration and Secretion.

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3
Q

What is the top of the Epithelial tissues structure called?

A

The top tissue is called the free surface or apical surface.

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4
Q

What is the bottom surface called?

A

The basal surface.

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5
Q

What is the membrane underneath the Basal surface called?

A

The Basement membrane.

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6
Q

What do all of these tissues have in common?

A

They are all avascular. (no blood vessels.)

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7
Q

What is the difference between simple and stratified epithelial tissues?

A

Simple epithelial tissue: has only one layer of cells
Stratified tissue: more than one layer of cells.

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8
Q

What is a simple squamous epithelium tissue?

A

A sling, flat layer of cells that is thin and permeable.

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9
Q

What is a simple squamous epithelium tissues function? And where can it be found?

A

Rapid diffusion of materials and can be found in blood vessels & lung tissues.

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10
Q

What is a simple cuboidal epithelium?

A

A sling layer of cube-shaped cells.

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11
Q

What is a simple cuboidal epithelium tissues function? And where can it be found?

A

It’s function is secretion & absorption of substances. And can be found in the tissues of the kidney.

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12
Q

What is the definition of a simple columnar epithelium?

A

A single layer of tall, closely packed cells. (May have cilia and goblet cells, which secrete mucus.)

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13
Q

What is the function of a Simple columnar epithelium tissues and where can it be found?

A

It’s function is the secretion of mucus for protection & absorption of substances. It can be found the in the lining of the digestive tract.

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14
Q

Summary of the Epithelial tissue.

A

Epithelial tissue is the lining that protects the body form the external environment. All epithelial tissues have a free surface, a basal surface, and a basement membrane. Simple epithelial tissues are made of one layer of cells that can vary in shape.

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15
Q

What is a Stratified squamous epithelium tissues? And where can it be found?

A

These thick layers provide protection for the underlying layers. And it can be found in the epidermal layer of the skin.

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16
Q

Describe what a Stratified cuboidal epithelium tissue is and where it can be found?

A

It has more than one layer of cuboidal cells. It is rare in the body, and can be found in salivary & mammary glands.

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17
Q

Describe what a stratified columnar epithelium tissues is and where can it be found?

A

It’s free surface is lined with columnar cells. It is rare in the body and is found in your larynx and the male urethra.

18
Q

What is a pseudostratified epithelium?

A

In pseudo-stratified epithelium, cell nuclei are found at different levels, so it appears stratified, though it is not.

19
Q

What is pseudostratified epithelium tissues function and where can it be found?

A

Its function is secretion & absorption. And it is found in most of the upper respiratory tract.

20
Q

What Is transitional epithelium? And where can it be found?

A

The free surface cells of transitional epithelium vary in appearance based on the stretching of the tissue. It can be found in the lining of the urinary bladder.
“Transition” = change shape with elasticity. (function)

21
Q

Summary of Stratified epithelial tissues:

A

Stratified epithelial tissues have more than one layer and can vary in cell shape. Pseudo-stratified epithelium appears to have multiple layers and transitional epithelium can change its appearance as it stretches.

22
Q

What is glandular epithelium?

A

A gland made of a group of cells that secrete a fluid substance.
The glands are classified in two ways: complexity & how substances are secreted (exocrine & endocrine)

23
Q

How do exocrine and endocrine glands differ?

A

Exocrine glands: Secrete substances outward through a duct. ex: sweat glands
Endocrine glands: Ductless glands that secrete hormones through the bloodstream. ex: thyroid gland.

24
Q

What are the types of exocrine glands?

A

Merocrine glands, Apocrine glands, and Holocrine glands.

25
Q

What does a Merocrine gland do?

A

Cells excrete the products (substances) via exocytosis. An example is; sweat glands.
Mero= “part”

26
Q

What is a Apocrine gland and what does it do?

A

A portion of the cell pinches off with the secreted products. An example is mammary glands.
Apo= “tip”

27
Q

What is a Holocrine gland and what does it do?

A

Cells rupture and spill products into the duct. An example would be Sebaceous (oil) glands in the skin.
“Hol” = whole

28
Q

What are the characteristics of endocrine glands?

A

-Endocrine glands Secrete hormones into the blood so they can be delivered over longer distances.
-The cells are packed tightly together with capillaries running through the glandular tissue.
-Cells excrete products through exocytosis into the blood
Examples: thyroid, thymus, adrenal glands, and pancreas.

29
Q

Summary of Glandular tissues:

A

Glandular tissue is a specialized type of Epithelial tissue. Endocrine glands secrete hormones into the blood, while exocrine glands use tube-like ducts to secrete their products. Exocrine glands differ in the portion of the cell that is secreted with the product.

30
Q

epithe

A

upon

31
Q

hist-

A

tissue

32
Q

-ology

A

study of

33
Q

endo-

A

‘within, inner, absorbing or containing.”

34
Q

exo-

A

“outside’ or external

35
Q

adipo-

A

fat, fatty

36
Q

chondro-

A

cartilage, grain, granular

37
Q

-cyte

A

cell

38
Q

erythro-

A

red, reddish

39
Q

osteo-

A

bone

40
Q

leuk-

A

white

world history cold war (3 decks)

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