Histology: major accessory organs Flashcards
What are exocrine portions in pancreas
Secretory portions with columnar epithelial cells which go to ducts
What are endocrine portions in pancreas
Secretory portions which empty into a capillary and carried into blood to act somewhere else
What are acini cells
clusters of secretory cells that surround ducts
What do acinar contain
Extensive rough ER and zymogen granules
What do acinar cells produce
Digestive enzymes
- Pancreatic proteases
- Pancreatic amylase
- Pancreatic lipase
Why is there no auto digestion in pancreatic acini
secretions are packaged and inactive
What do duct epithelial cells do
Secrete bicarbonate ions to control pH in direct relation to the amount of HCL produced in stomach
Produce water (all together is pancreatic juice)
What does duodenal release of CCK stimulate
Contraction of the gallbladder and relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi
Route of bile from liver to common hepatic duct
Synthesises in hepatocytes and secreted into the canaliculi
These combine to form bile ductules then portal tracts- and finally the common hepatic duct
What concentrates bile
Gall bladder. The epithelium is adapted for salt and water absorption and it is also highly folded.
What does cholestasis result from
What are the outcomes of it
Reduced bile flow or synthesis
Bile accumulates in the canaliculi and ruptures them, damaging the hepatocytes and accumulating in the blood. Leads to jaundice
How do hepatocytes play a key role in the liver
They line sinusoid capillaries (these are leaky capillaries with lots of holes for increased permeability)
They produce bile
They have microvilli
What are Kupffer cells
Phagocytic cells
What are Ito cells
Stellate cells that store vitamin A in lipid droplets in the cytoplasm. They are myofibroblasts and participate in fibrosis and are antigen presenting cells
What are some complications of liver cirrhosis
HEpatic encephalopathy
Esophageal varices
Ascites
splenomegaly
