Histology & Integumentary System Flashcards
mucous membranes
thin sheets of tissue lining the body cavities that open to the outside world
serous fluid
a thin, clear liquid that serves as a lubricant between parietal and visceral membranes
serous membranes
thin sheets of tissues that line body cavities closed to the outside world
dermis
layer of skin between the epidermis and hypodermis; including nerve endings, glands, and hair follicles
epidermal dendritic cells
skin cells that initiate an immune system response to the presence of foreign bacteria or viruses
hypodermis
the layer of tissue beneath the dermis, which serves as a storage repository for fat
melanin
a pigment that protects the body against the harmful effects of ultraviolet ray damage from the sun
reticular layer
the layer of skin superficial to the papillary layer
stratum lucidum
the clear layer of thick skin found only on the palms of the hands, fingers, soles of the feet, and toes
pleurisy
inflammation of the pleura, the membrane that encases the lungs
membranes
thin sheets or layers of pliable tissue
mucus
a slippery solution that protects the mucous membranes and aids in transporting substances
synovial membrane
the lining of the synovial joint cavity that produces synovial fluid
eccrine glands
sweat glands located over the majority of the body that produce a clear, acidic fluid that consists of approximately 99% water, but it also contains waste products such as urea, uric acid, salts, and vitamin c
integumentary system
enveloping organ of the body that includes the epidermis, dermis, sudoriferous and sebaceous glands, and nails and hair
sebaceous glands
glands located all over the body that produce sebum
sebum
an oily substance that helps keep the skin and hair soft
stratum basale
the deepest layer of the epidermis
stratum corneum
the outer layer of the epidermis
rule of nines
a method used in calculating body surface area affected by burns
cutaneous membrane
another name for skin
epithelial membranes
thin sheets of tissue lining the internal and external surfaces of the body
synovial fluid
a clear liquid secreted by synovial membranes that provides cushioning for and reduces friction in synovial joints
apocrine glands
sweat glands located in the genital and armpit areas that secrete a milky fluid consisting of sweat, fatty acids, and proteins
epidermis
the outer layer of skin
keratin
a tough protein found in the skin, hair, and nails
keratinocytes
cells within the epidermis that produce keratin
lipocytes
fat cells
melanocytes
specialized cells in the skin that produce melanin
merkel cells
touch receptors in the skin
papillary layer
the outer layer of the dermis
stratum granulosum
a layer of somewhat flattened cells lying just superficial to the stratum spinosum and inferior to the stratum lucidum
stratum spinosum
the layer of cells in the epidermis superior to the stratum basale and inferior to the stratum granulosum
subcutaneous fascia
the tissue that connects the skin to underlying structures; the hypodermis
sudoriferous glands
sweat glands that are distributed in the dermis over the entire body
ABCDE rule
Asymmetry
Border
Color
Diameter
Elevation
basal cell carcinoma
the most common form of skin cancer and the least malignant type
cellulitis
a bacterial infection characterized by an inflamed area of skin that is red, swollen, and painful
decubitus ulcer
ulcers caused by an area of localized pressure that restricts blood flow to one or more areas of the body
first-degree burns
burns that affect only the epidermal layer of skin
fourth-degree burns
full-thickness burns that destroy both the skin and underlying tissues including muscles, tendons, ligaments, and bone
herpes simplex virus type 1
the form of herpes that generates cold sores or fever blisters around the mouth
herpes simplex virus type 2
the genital form of herpes
herpes varicella (chickenpox)
a highly contagious, common childhood disease that is characterized by extremely itchy, fluid-filled blisters
herpes zoster (shingles)
a disease that involves a painful, blistering rash accompanied by headache, fever, and a general feeling of unwellness
human papillomavirus (HPV)
a bacterial infection common in elementary school children that is characterized by pink, blister-like bumps, usually on the face
malignant melanoma
cancer of the melanocytes; the most serious form of skin cancer
peritonitis
inflammation of the peritoneum, the membrane lining the inner wall of the abdomen and covering the abdominal organs
plantar warts
warts that develop on the soles of the foot, grow inward, and can become painful
psoriasis
a common skin disorder that involves redness, irritation, and scales (flaky, silver-white patches) that itch, burn, crack, and sometimes bleed
second-degree burns
burns that involve damage to both the epidermis and the upper portion of the underlying dermis; characterized by blisters
squamous cell carcinoma
a type of rapidly growing cancer that appears as a scaly, reddened patch of skin
third-degree burns
burns that destroy the entire thickness of the skin
tinea
a fungal infection that tends to occur in areas of the body that are moist
peritonitis
inflammation of the peritoneum, the membrane lining the inner wall of the abdomen and covering the abdominal organs
