Histology & Embryology Quiz on Chapter 3 Flashcards
Green SG for quiz on Monday 9/30
Name three adult structures that are derived from ectoderm
eyes, nose, tooth enamel, skin
Name two hormones produced by the placenta
estrogen and progesterone
Order of embryonic stages after the gametes form a union
- zygote
- morula
- blastula
- gastrula (3 germ layers)
- neurula
Inner cell mass/_________
blastula
_________/gastrula
blastospore
notochord/_______
neurula
trophoblast/_______
blastula
_________/neurula
neuralfold
the _______ and umbilical cord are responsible for fetal respiration, nutrition and waste removal
placenta
prior to development of the vascular system, the _____ system provides nutrients to the embryo
vitelline
by 3 weeks the embryo is about _____ from the top of the head to the tail area
3-4mm
the ___________ and ______ form the basis of the umbilical cord
allantosis
yolk sac
the placenta originates from the
chorion
what cavity of the blastula is the precursor for the neural tube
amniotic cavity
what cavity of the blastula is the precursor for the GI tract
yolk sac
the primitive streak puts pressure on what layer in the bilaminar disc to initiate gastrulation?
epiblast layer
what membrane forms at the cephalic end of the bilaminar disc?
buccopharyngeal membrane
what foramen in the heart diverts blood away from the pulmonary arteries and into the left atrium in the embryo and fetus
foramen ovale
the four phases of the menstrual cycle are
- follicular phase
- ovulation
- luteal phase
- menstruation
what are the three germ layers
ectoderm
mesoderm
endoderm
eyes come from which germ layer
ectoderm
tooth enamel comes from which germ layer
ectoderm
blood cells come from which germ layer
mesoderm
what cells appear in response to this pressure? what is the course to gastrulation
migratory cells
mesenchyme cells
mesoderm layer
a 3 week old embryo is _______ long
3-4 mm
the buccopharyngeal membrane begins to develop
4 1/2 weeks
the embryonic heart is seen as a
bulge
which phase of mitosis is in the resting phase
interphase
the _____ of the uterus provides an ideal environment for the implantation and growth of the embryo
endometrium
T/F
spindles present during mitosis are attached to centromeres
false
T/F
six weeks after conception, the stage of development is referred to as the period of fetus
false
T/F
the nucleus contains diffuse DNA until cell division, when the 23 pairs of chromosomes become condensed
true
T/F
the cell may contain more than one nucleolus during active protein synthesis
true
T/F
the information in mRNA is translated by ribosomes located on the surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum
true
T/F
smooth muscle is under conscious control
false
T/F
DNA replication takes place during the G1 phase of the cell cycle
false
T/F
fertilization takes place in the distal third of the uterine tube
true
t/f
endoderm and ectoderm are the first two germ layers to develop
true
t/f
tissues are the most susceptible to teratogens during the embryonic period
true
t/f
melanocytes are derived from neural crest cells
true
t/f
dermatome cells arise from the sclerotome and migrate to surround the notochrod and spinal cord, which form the spinal column
false
t/f
the umbilical vein caries oxygenated blood
true
t/f
the foramen ovale closes during the third week of prenatal life
false
t/f
the foramen ovale is an opening between the right and left ventricle of the heart
false
t/f
prior to development of the vascular system, the vitelline system provides nutrients to the embryo and fetus
true
t/f
striated or voluntary muscle uses acetycholine as the neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction
true
neural crest cells migrate from the ______ _______ prior to fusion and closure of the neural tube
neural folds
the myotome produces the _______ of the body
muscles
_____________ bone formation occurs by condensations of mesenchymal cells without a cartilaginous scaffold
intramembranous
blood cells begin to form in the __________ at 2 1/2 weeks of development
yolk sac
