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Bloc E - Final > Histology > Flashcards

Histology Flashcards

1
Q

Layers of the esophagus?

A

MUCOSA

  1. Non-keratinized squamous stratified epithelium
  2. Lamina propria: contains mucous glands
  3. Muscularis mucosae

SUBMUCOSA

TUNICA MUSCULARIS

  1. internal circular
  2. Exernal longitudinal

ADVENTITIA

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2
Q

Stomach layers?

A

MUCOSA

  1. Simple columnar epithelium with surface mucous cells and secretory mucous cells
  2. Lamina propria
  3. Muscularis mucosae (inner circular and outer longitudinal)

SUBMUCOSA

TUNICA MUSCULARIS

  1. Inner circular
  2. Outer longitudinal

SEROSA

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3
Q

Composition of a gastric gland?

A
  1. Surface mucous cell
  2. Stem cell: mitosis, granule free
  3. Mucous neck cell: have mucous granules, produces carbohydrate-rich glycoproteins, composed of neutral mucins, high bicarbonate concentration
  4. Parietal cell: secretes HCL and intrinsic factor that promotes absorption of B12
  5. Enteroendocrine cell: at the base of the gastric gland, secretes gastrin (stimulates the secretion of HCL by the parietal cells), serotonin, histamine, VIP, glucagon and somatostatin (inhibits the secretion of HCL by the parietal cells)
  6. Zymogenic cell: secretory granule, peptic cell
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4
Q

What’s in a villius VS crypt of Lieberkühn?

A

Villius: columnar with striated border, smooth muscle, capillary, lymphatics and goblet cells

Crypt of Lieberkühn: smooth muscle, enteroendocrine cells, goblet cells, mitoses and Paneth’s cells (lysozyme production)

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5
Q

Duodenum layers?

A

MUCOSA

  1. Villus: simple columnar + brush border, contains ACTIN
  2. Crypt
  3. Lamina propria: Brunner’s glands

MUSCULARIS MYCOSAE CIRCULAR

SUBMUCOSA

MUSCULARIS

SEROSA

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6
Q

Jejunum layers?

A

MUCOSA

  1. Plicae cicularis (submucosa of dense CT)

2, Muscularis mucosae circular and longitudinal

SUBMUCOSA MUSCULARIS

SEROSA

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7
Q

Colon layers?

A

MUCOSA

  1. Simple columnar
  2. Crypts (NO villi): goblet cells ++, absorptive cell, enteroendocrine cells, stem cells, Paneth’s cell in ascending colon

SUBMUCOSA: circular, appendix have ++ lymphatic nodules here

TUNICA MUSCULARIS: inner circular and external longitudinal

SEROSA

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8
Q

What is the consequence of affected parietal cells in atrophic gastritis?

A

Pernicious anemia

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9
Q
A

a. esophageal gland

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10
Q
A

a. cardia because 1:1 ratio

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11
Q
A

d. gastric gland

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12
Q
A

d. they do not SECRETE somatostatin, they are regulated by it

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13
Q
A

c. enterocytes cells in a vili

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14
Q
A

c. colon

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15
Q
A

b. duodenum

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16
Q
A

b. pit of a gastric gland because you see perietal cells

17
Q
A

a. mucosa

18
Q

By what organelles/components are hepatocytes composed of?

A
  • Cells with microvilli
  • Desmosome
  • Tight junction (important in jaundice)
  • Bile canaliculus
  • Peroxisome: b-oxidation of fatty acids, catabolism of ETOH, break down of purines to uric acid and cholesterol synthesis
19
Q

Portal space is composed of what?

A

CT, blood vessels and bile duct

20
Q

What hormones are synthesized and transformed inthe serous acini of the pancreas?

A
  1. Trypsinogen –> trypsin
  2. Pro-carboxypeptidase –> carboxypeptidase
  3. Pro-elastase –> elastase
  4. Pro-phospholipase-A –> phospholipase-A
21
Q

What are the active enzymes of the serous acini of the pancreas?

A
  1. Lipase
  2. Amylase
  3. RNAse
  4. DNAse
22
Q

Liver circulation?

A
  1. Venous + arterial blood mixed –> sinusoids –> central vein –> hepatic vein –> IVC.
  2. Bile canaliculi –> small bile ducts –> larger bile ducts –>form hepatic duct.
23
Q
A

B. central vein

24
Q
A

B. Kupfer cell

25
Q
A

C. Gallbladder

26
Q
A

A. Lymphatic vessel

27
Q
A

B. Lumen of interlobular duct

28
Q
A

D. Pancreas

29
Q
A

C. Gallbladder

30
Q
A

C. striated duct

31
Q
A

D. exocrine pancreas

32
Q
A

D. Hepatic arteriole

Bloc E - Final (7 decks)

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