Histology Flashcards
The nephron is composed of what?
1- RC/Glomerulus is a dilated portion which contains the glomerular tuft
2- PCT: Proximal Convoluted Tubules
3- Loop of Henle SD: Thick straight
descending limb TL: Thin limb
SA: Thick straight ascending limb
4- DCT: Distal Convoluted Tubules
What can you find in a glomerulus?
The renal corpuscle consist of a double wall of epithelial cells enclosing the glomerular tuft of capillaries.
The wall is called the Bowman’s Capsule which is composed
of a Parietal Layer of squamous cells, BM and Reticular fibers,
a Visceral Layer of podocytes continuous with the Parietal
Layer at the Vascular Pole. A Capsular Space is found in between these layers.
The Renal Corpuscle has a Vascular Pole and a Urinary Pole. At the Vascular Pole the A.A. enters and divides into 5 or more capillaries and the E.A. leaves this structure. The PCT begins at the urinary pole.
What is the Loop of Henle?
SD (Thick Straight Descending Limb): Found in medullary rays and in upper part of medulla. The epithelium
lining this tubule has similar characteristics than PCT.
TL (Thin Limb): Found in medulla
SA (Thick Straight Ascending Limb): Found in medulla and
in medullary rays. The epithelium lining this tubule has similar characteristics than DCT.
By what is composed the jutaglomerular apparatus?
- A.A.
- E.A.
- Juxtaglomerular cells (not visible at the microscope, are modified SM cells of A.A. Secretes Renin, an enzyme that act on plasma angiotensinogen.)
- Macula Densa cells from DCT (detect the sodium concentration of the fluid in the tubule and are also involved in the production of Nitric Oxide (NO) and other factors)
- Extraglomerular Mesangial Cells
What can you find in the cortex of the kidney?
- PCT
- Collecting tubules
- DCT
- Glomerulus
- Medulary rays (ascending, descending and collecting tubules)
- NO THIN LIMB*****
What can you find in the medulla of the kidney?
- Capillaries
- Thin limb
- Collecting duct
- Area Cribosa
- Minor Calix
What is the pathway of blood supply in the kidney?
- Renal artery
- Interlobar arteries
- Arcuate artery
- Lobular Artery
- Capillary network that together with peritubular capillaries drain into Stellate Veins.
- Vasa Recta (are capillaries that emerge from efferent Arterioles of juxtamedulary renal corpuscles and drain into the Arcuate Veins) –> counter current
D - Urethra composed of columnar stratified epithelium cells
E - Str8 thick descending limb
A - Medullary Ray
E - Collecting tubule because we are in the cortex
B - Facet cells in the bladder that become flat when bladder is full of pipi
D - Lumen of collecting tubule
C - Capsular space
E - Str8 thick descending limb
A - Epithelium of minor calix
E - Vascular pole of glomerulus
