Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BPM II-DM > Histology > Flashcards

Histology Flashcards

1
Q

L5.1 Identify and describe the structure of lingual papillae

A

Location: anterior 2/3 of tongue

Types:

1. Filiform:“flame-like”

  • most numerous
  • highly keratinized stratified squamous
  • NO taste buds

2. Fungiform:“mushroom-like”

  • prominent on tip of tongue
  • stratified squamous
  • taste buds (pale staining) on dorsal surface

3. Foliate:

  • lateral edges of tongue
  • deep clefts
  • taste buds on lateral edges of clefts

4. Circumvallate:“moat-like/dome-like”

  • invagination of epithlieum
  • Von Ebner’s glands
  • serous secretion for washing away taste to substances
  • taste buds on lateral surface of invagination
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

L5.2 Identify and describe the structure and function of taste buds

A

3 cell types:

1. Neuroepithelial cells:

  • sensory cells; closely associated with nerve
  • microvilli; 1 class of receptor protein
  • 10 day turnover

2. Supporting cells:

  • microvilli
  • 10 day turnover

3. Basal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

L5.3 Identify and describe the distinct 4 layers characteristic of alimentary canal

A

Mucosa:

- epithelium

- lamina propria: loose CT, blood, lymph, GALT

- muscularis mucosa: usually 2 layers: inner circular and outer longitudinal; contraction - movement of mucosa

Function:

  1. protection
  2. absoprtion
  3. secretion

Submucosa:

  • dense irregular CT
  • large BV and lymphatic vessels
  • Submucosal Plexus (Meissner’s)
  • postganglionic parasympathetic neurons
  • neural crest derived

Muscularis Externa:

- Inner circular SM:

  • contracts, compresses, and mixes
  • forms sphincters

- Myenteric Plexus (Auerbach’s):b

  • between inner and outer SM
  • neural crest derived
  • post ganglionic parasympathetic neurons

- Outer Longitudinal SM:

  • contraction propels contents
  • Tenia coli in large intestines

Serosa/Adventitia:

Serosa:

  • CT lined by simple squamous
  • mesothelium: loose CT
  • continuous with mesentery and abdominal cavity

Adventitia:

  • attaches structures to abdominal wall
  • incomplete serosal covering
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

L5.4 Identify and describe the structure, function, localization, and origin of Meissner’s and Auerbach’s plexi

A

Meissner’s Plexus:

  • submucosal plexus
  • postganglionic parasympathetic neurons
  • innervates muscularis mucosa
  • neural crest derived

Auerbach’s Plexus:

  • myenteric plexus; betwene inner circular and out longitudinal of muscularis externa
  • postganglionic parasympathetic neurons
  • innervates muscularis externa
  • persistaltic movement
  • neural crest derived
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

L5.5 Compare serosa and adventitia

A

Serosa:

  • CT lined by simple squamous
  • mesothelium: loose CT
  • continuous with mesentery and abdominal cavity

Adventitia:

  • attaches structures to abdominal wall
  • incomplete serosal covering
  • thoracic esophagus, 2nd-4th parts of duodenum, ascending and descending colon, rectum, and anal canal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

L5.6 Identify and describe structure and function of esophagus

A

Mucosa:

  • epithlium: stratified sqamous non-keratinized
  • lamina propria: Esophageal Cardia Glands (secretes neutral mucus to protect from regurgitation)
  • muscularis mucosa: single layer of longitudinal muscle that begins at cricoid cartiliage

Submucosa:

  • Meissner’s Plexus
  • Esophageal Glands Proper (secretes slightly acidic mucous to lubricate lumen)

Muscularis Externa:

  • inner circular and outer longitudinal
  • 1st 1/3: skeletal; 2nd 1/3: mixed; 3rd 1/3: smooth
  • myenteric/Auerbach’s plexus

Adventitia: above diaphragm

Serosa: below diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

L5.7 Identify and describe structure and function of mucus glands in esophagus.

A

Esophageal Cardiac Glands: neutral mucus to protect from regurgitation

Esophageal Glands Proper: slightly acidic mucus to lubricate lumen

  • excretory duct: stratified squamous
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

L5.8 Identify the structure of the muscularis externa throughout the length of the esophagus

A

1st 1/3: skeletal

2nd 1/3: mixed

3rd 1/3: smooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

L5.9 Identify and describe the structure of the 3 regions of the stomach

A

Caridac region:

  • near esophageal orifice
  • cardiac glands

Fundic Region:

  • between cardia and pylorus
  • fundic (gastric) glands

Pyloric Region:

  • distal, funnel-shaped region, proximal to pyloric sphincter
  • pyloric glands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

L5.10 Describe the change in epithelium of the lower esophagus resulting from chronic acid reflux (Barrett’s Esophagus)

A

Barret’s Esophagus:

  • metaplastic change from stratified squamous to simple columnar with mucus cells or intestinal goblet cells
  • if not treated become dysplasia and can progress to adenocarcinoma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

L5.11 Identify and describe the structure and function of gastric mucosa

A

Mucosa:

  • gastric pits or foveolae
  • gastric glands
  • extension of muscularis mucosa
  • empties into gastric pits
  • epithelium: simple columnar with surface mucus cells: secrete viscous mucus
  • lamina propria: loose CT surrounding gastric glands
  • muscularis mucosa: inner circular and outer longitudinal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

L5.12 Compare cardia, fundic, and pyloric glands

A

Cardiac region:

  • short pits & short glands
  • tubular
  • mucus-secreting and enteroendocrine cells

Pyloric region:

  • long pits and short glands
  • branched, coiled, tubular; wide lumen
  • viscous mucus secreting and enteroendocrine cells

Fundic region:

  • short pits with surface mucus cells: thick, bicrabonate rich mucus secretions; elongated nucleus, mucinogen granules
  • long glands:
  • simple, tubular glands
  • 3 regions: isthmus, neck, fundus
  • cells:
  • mucus neck cells: neutral to alkaline soluble mucus, spherical nucleus
  • parietal cells: HCl and intrinsic factor
  • chief cells: pepsinogen –> pepsin and weak lipase
  • enteroendocrine: gastrin, CCK, secrein, VIP, GIP, motilin, somatostatin
  • stem cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

L5.13 Identify and describe the structure and function of rugae

A
  • temporary folds of mucosa and submucosa
  • accommodate expansion and filling of stomach
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

L5.14 Identify and describe the structure and function of the muscularis externa of the stomach.

A

3 layers:

1. Innermost Oblique

2. Middle Circular:

  • thickens to form pyloric sphincter

3. Outer Longitudinal

Function: mix chyme and force partial digested food into small intestines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

L6.1 Identify and desribe the structure of the gastroduodenal junction

A

Mucosa:

  • finger like shaped villi

Submucosa:

  • Brunner’s glands

Muscularis:

  • 2 layers of muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

L6.2 Describe the changes to the wall of the stomach in the development of ulcers

A
  • bacterial infection causes exposure of suface to effects of pepsin and acid
  • irritated and inflammed mucouse membrane become necrotic –> hole forms
  • healing occurs, but continuous irritation makes healing ineffective
  • ulcers can extend deeper, penetrating submucosa, muscularis and serosa is untreated
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

L6.3 Describe the main complication of chronic peptic ulceration

A

Chronic ulcers: bleeding, perforation and peritonitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

L6.4 Identify and describe the structure and function of the 3 anatomical regions of the small intestines.

A

1. Duodenum:

  • shortest and widest
  • submucosal glands: Brunner’s glands
  • secretes highly alkaline solution; neutralizrs acidic chyme

2. Jejunum:“Christmas tree”

  • main site of absorption
  • numerous plicae circularis
  • long, prominent villi
  • no submucosal galnds

3. Ileum:

  • submucosa/mucosa: peyer’s patches
  • lymphoid tissue, enteds deom mucosa, into submucosa, and into the lumen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

L6.5 Identify and describe the structure and function of microvilli, villi, and plicae circulares

A

Plicae Circularis: semi-circular folds

  • Valves of Kerckring
  • permanent transverse folds
  • msot numerous in distal duodenum & jejenum

Villi:

  • finger-like projections; leaf-like mucosal projections
  • central lacteals within lamina propria
  • 1st site of absorption of lipids

Microvilli:

  • feature of enterocytes
  • increase surface area
  • brush border
  • glycocalyx
  • terminal web
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

L6.6 Identify and describe the structure an function of the small intestinal mucosa

A
  • simple columnar
  • GALT
  • Peyer’s patches in Ileum
  • intestinal glands: Crypts of Lieberkuhn
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

L6.7 Identify and describe the structure, function, and localization of the cells of the small intestinal mucosa

A

Enterocytes:

  • simple columnar, primary function: absorptive cells
  • secretory function: digestive enzymes, water, and electrolytes
  • microvilli: contain terminal digestive enzymes
  • tight junctions: selective absorption
  • lateral plications: increase later SA

Goblet cells:

  • unicellular, mucus-secreting
  • mucinogen granules in apical cytoplasm

Panenth cells:

  • intensely acidophilic
  • lyzozymes: anti-bacterical enzyme; digests cell walls of some bacteria
  • alpha-defensin: microbicidal peptides
  • regulation of normal bacteria flora

Enteroendocrin cells:

  • secretion of hormones: CCK, secretin, GIP, and Motilin

M cells:

  • cover Peyer’s pathces and lymphatic nodules
  • modified enterocytes
  • microfolds
  • Ag-transporting cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

L6.8 Identify and describe the structure and function of muscularis externa of the small intestines

A
  • inner circular
  • Auerbach’s plexus
  • outer longitudinal

Function: peristaltic movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

L6.9 Identify and describe the structure and function of Peyer’s patcher of the ileum

A
  • aggregate of lymphoid tissue
  • immunological function: monitoring intestinal bacteria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

L6.10 Describe the changes in villi in mal-absorption syndrome

A
25
Q

L6.11 Identify and describe the structure and function of the anatomical regions of the large intestines

A

Parts:

- Colon: ascending, descending, transvers, sigmoid

- Cecum & Vermiform appendix

- Rectum

- Anal Canal

Characteristics:

  • Tenia coli: 3 thickened bands of outer longitudinal muscularis externa
  • Haustra coli: saccualtions b/w TC
  • Omental appendices: small fatty projections of serosa
26
Q

L6.12 Identify and describe the structure and function of large intestinal mucosa

A
  • “smooth” surface
  • Crypts of Lieberkuhn
  • Function:
  • reabsorption of water and electrolytes
  • elimination of wastes
    epithelium: simple columnar, no panenth, abundant goblet

lamina propria: GALT

muscularis mucosa: inner circular and outer longitudinal

27
Q

L6.13 Identify and describe the structure and function of the muscularis externa and large intestine.

A
  • inner circular
  • outer longitudinal
  • Tenia coli: prominent longitudinal bands of longitudinal muscle
  • Myenteric/Auerbach’s plexus
28
Q

L6.14 Identify and describe the function of the tenia coli and haustra.

A

tenia coli: 3 thickened bands that contract lengthwise to produce haustra

haustra coli: sacculations with very slow, uncoordinated contractions that increase SA; function to retain, transport, and eliminate waste

29
Q

L6.15 Describe the hsitological appearance of an adenomatous polyp of the large intestine

A
  • slow growing neoplasm
  • dysplastic epithelium that may form glands or villous processes
  • 3 types:

1. Tubular:

  • most common
  • branched tubular glands with narroe stalks

2. Tubulovillous:

  • combination of tubular glands and villi

3. Villous:

  • rare
  • broad base and papillary appearance
30
Q

L6.16 Identify and describe the structure and function of the appendix

A
  • thin, finger-like extensions of cecum
  • tenia coli ends at base
  • numerous lymphatic nodules: extends into submucosa
31
Q

L6.17 Identify and describe the structure and function of the rectum and anal canal

A

Rectum:

  • distal dilated portion of alimental canal
  • anatomical transverse folds
  • Mucosa: crypts of Lieberkuhn & abundant goblet cells
  • Muscularis externa: no tenia coli
  • Adventitia

Anal Canal:

- Colorectal Zone:

  • upper 1/3; simple columnar

- Anal transitional zone:

  • middle 1/3, transition b/w simple columnar & stratified squamous

- Squamous Zone:

  • lower 1/3; stratified squamous keratinized
32
Q

L6.18 Describe the autonomic nerve plexus in the wall of the GIT that may lead to Hischsprung disease (congenital megacolon)

A
  • faulty migration of neural crest cells –> lack of myenteric plexus
  • decreased peristaltic movements of gut
  • dialted colonic segment
33
Q

L6.19 Explain the consequences of the varicosities of esophagus and the rectum

A

Esophageal Varicosity: varicose in submucosal veins in lower 1/3 of esophagus

Rectum Varicosity (Hemmorhoids): progressive dilation and bulge of submucosal veins towards lumen

  • internal: above pectinate line - painless
  • external: below pectinate line - very painful
  • Tenia coli: 3 thickened bands of outer longitudinal muscularis externa
  • Haustra coli: saccualtions b/w TC
  • Omental appendices: small fatty projections of serosa
34
Q

L6.20 Decribe the changes that occur in the wall of the gastro intestinal tract after surgical appendectomy, which may lead to adhesions

A
  • exposure of collagen rich CT
  • inflammation and scarring
  • adhesion
  • obstruction
  • entrapment of organ
  • pai
35
Q

L9.1 Identify and describe the structure, function, and localization of the liver.

A

Structure:

  • 4 lobes: right, left, caudate, and quadrate
  • portal hepatis: main artery (25%) and portal vein (75%) enter and hepatic ducts leave
  • portal canal: branches of vessels of portal hepatis found between lobules
  • central vein: union of sublobular veins that drains blood from the liver

Function:

  1. production and secretion of plasma proteins (albumins, lipoproteins, glycoproteins, prothrombin, non-immune alph and beta globulin)
  2. storage and conversion of vitamins (A,D,K) and iron
  3. degradation of drugs and toxins
  4. homeostatic pathways
36
Q

L9.2 Identify and describe three structures and functions of Glisson’s capsule.

A
  • fibrous CT that encloses and subdivides the liver into lobes and lobules
  • covered by mesothelium lining, making the liver intraperitoneal
  • triangular (left & right) ligament, falcilform ligament, and coronary (anterior & posterior) ligament
  • left triagular ligament: connects left lobe of liver to the diaphragm
  • right triangular ligament: smalle fold that passes to diaphragm; formed by apposition of anterior and posterior coronary ligament
  • falciform ligament: attaches the liver to the anterior body wall
  • coronary ligament: attaches the liver to the inferior surface of the diaphragm
37
Q

L9.3 Describe the flow of blood in the liver.

A

Blood supply:

  • hepatic artyer: brings 25% fully oxygenated blood to liver
  • portal vein: brings 75% blood from the intestines, pancreas, and spleen that are rich in nutrients, endocrine secretion and blood cell breakdown products.
  • hepatic vein: drains most of the blood from the liver via combination of sublobular veins
  • sublobular veins: collect blood from central veins of liver.

Flow of blood:

portal vein –> interlobular vein; hepatic artery joins –> portal canal/triad –> sinusoids –> central vein –> sublobular veins –> hepatic vein

38
Q

L9.4 Compare the structure and function of the classic lobule, portal lobule, and liver acinus

A

Classic lobule: (blood flow)

  • hexagonal shape with portal area (hepatic artery, portal vein, bile duct, and lymphatic vessel) at each point and central vein at the center.
  • plates of hepatocytes arranges in radial fashion, radiating from central vein
  • on cell thick: adults; 2 cells thick: children
  • sinusoidal capillaries run parallel to radial cords
  • receives mixed blood from vessels in portal area

Portal Lobule: (exocrine function)

  • triangular shaped
  • central vein at each point and portal area at center

Liver Acinus of Rppaport: (blood flow)

  • 2 central veins at 2 points and 2 portal triad areas at 2 points
  • 3 zones:
    1. zone 1: first to be exposed to entering blood; first to be effected by O2 or toxins
    2. sone 2: center zone
    3. zone 3: last to be exposed, first to lack blood; easiest to be effected by hypoxemis –> necrosis
39
Q

L9.5 Identify the component of the portal triad

A
  • hepatic artery
  • portal vein
  • bile duct
  • lymphatic vessel
40
Q

L9.6 Identify and describe the structure, function, and localization of hepatocytes, Ito cells, and Kupffer cells

A

Hepatocytes:

  • run as radial cords from central vein
  • microvilli on more than one surface
  • one or two centrally places nuclei; 4x normal DNA
  • abundant mitochondria and rER
  • foamy appearance - glycogen; lipid droplets
  • lipofuscin granules, lysosomes, peroxisomes
    function: forms bile canaliculi

Ito cells:

  • stellate-shaped fat storing cells; store vit A
  • located within perisinusoidal space of Disse
  • reticular fibers, unmyelinated nerve fibers, and blunted microvilli

Kupffer cells:

  • stellate sinusoidal macrophages from monocyte lineage
  • found within discontinuous endothelium
41
Q

L9.7 Compare exocrine and endocrine functions of the liver

A

exocrine function:

  • bile synthesis

endocrine function:

  • secretion of IGF-1, angiotensinogen, and thrombopoietin
  • synthesis of plasma proteins
  • gluconeogenesis & glycogenesis/lysis
  • lipid metabolism
  • Vit A, D, & K
42
Q

L9.8 Describe the flow of bile in the liver.

A

bile canaliculus (heptocytes) –> canal of Herring (cholangiocytes & hepatocytes) –> bile ductules (cholangiocytes) –> interlobular ducts –> L & R hepatic ducts –> common hepatic duct –> cystic duct to gallbladder or common bile duct to hepatopancretic ampulla of Vater)

43
Q

L9.9 Identify and describe the structure and function of the perisinusoidal space (of Disse).

A
  • space between hepatocytes and endothelial cells of sinusoids; NO basal lamina
  • functions as blood-liver barrier, allowing for exchange between bloodstreama nd hepatocytes without direct contact
  • composed of:
  • Ito cells: storage of Vit A
  • reticular fibers: maintain sinusoidal architecture
  • un-myelinated nerve fibers
  • blunt microvilli of hepatocytes
  • Kupffer cells
44
Q

L9.10 Describe the changes in the ultrastructure of hepatocytes and stroma due to cirrhosis of the liver

A
  • parenchymal injury and fibrosis, which is irreversible occurs as consequence of injury
  • collagen deposition in all portions f lobule
  • alters sinusoidal endothelial cells
  • disruption of blood flow and decrease in hepatocyte function
  • nodular appearance due to extensive fibrosis surrounding nodular clusters of healing hepatic tissue
45
Q

L9.11 Describe the changes seen in non-alcoholic fatty liver.

A
  • fat deposition within cytoplasmic vacuoles
  • associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic diseases
  • may progress to cirrhosis or hepatocellular cancer
46
Q

L9.12 Identify and describe the structure, function, and localization of the gall bladder.

A

Structure:

  • key features: highly convoluted, false lumen, Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses, Ducts of Luschka

Mucosa:

  • simple columnar epithelium with microvilli, lateral plications and junctional complexes, and mitochondria and base
  • abundant fenestrated capillaries
  • mucus glands priximal to cystic duct
  • NO muscularis mucosae

Muscle Layer:

  • thin, oblique layer of smooth muscle

Serosa/Adventitia:

  • anterior: Serosa
  • posterior: Adventitia

Function:

  • stores and concentrates bile
  • contraction under the influence of CCK
47
Q

L9.13 Describe the effects of cholecystokinin on the gall bladder

A

facilitates contraction

48
Q

L9.14 Identify and describe the structure and function of the biliary tree.

A
49
Q

L9.15 Describe the changes seen in the lumen of the gall bladder due to excess stasis of cholesterol.

A

Cholelithiasis aka gallstones

  • 80% dues to cholesterol excess
  • can lead to cholecystitis: acute or chronic (usually associated with gallstones) inflammation of gallbladder
  • thickened walla and increased RA sinuses
50
Q

L10.1 List the extrinsic glands of the digestive system

A

Salivary glands:

  • minor: palatine, buccal, molar, labial, and lingual
  • major: parotid, submandibular, and sublingual
51
Q

L10.2 Identify and describe the structure, function, and localization of the three major salivary glands.

A

Parotid Gland:

  • purely serous acini, surrounded by myoepithelial cells; compound, tubuloalveolar gland
  • capsule formed by superficial cervical fascia; trabeculae that form septa, dividing the gland into lobes and lobules
  • trabecule: carry BV, LV, ducts, and nerves
  • intralobular (intercalates and striated) ducts
  • secretion of serous amylase and secretory granules
  • Stensen’s Duct: largest excretory duct the opens into oral vestibule

Sublingual Gland:

  • mixed, mainly purely mucous with some demilune serous; compound and tubuloalveolar
  • striated ducts and short intercalated

Submandibular Gland:

  • mixed, mainly serous with groups of mucus
  • short intercalated ducts & long striated

-

52
Q

L10.3 Identify and desribe the structure and function of sequential sequence of salivary gland ducts

A

Sequential segments:

1. intercalated ducts:

  • low cuboidal
  • secrete HCO3-
  • reabsorb Cl- from primary secretion

2. striated ducts:

  • high cuboidal to columnar cells
  • striations from mitochondria
  • secrete K+ & HCO3-
  • reabsorb Na+

3. excretory ducts:

  • serous glands contain well developed striated and intercalated ducts
  • simple epithelium to psuedostratified to cuboidal or columnar
53
Q

L10.4 Describe the composition and function of saliva

A

Composition:

  • hypotonic secretion
  • bicarbonate and potassium added
  • chlorine and sodium removed

Function:

  • protection & cleaning
  • control of bacterial flora
  • taste sensation
  • inital digestion of carbs via amylase
54
Q

L10.5 Identify and describe the structure, function, and localization of the pancreas

A

Localization:

  • retroperitoneal with exocrine and endocrine functions

Structure:

  • head, uncinate process, neck, body, and tail
  • capsule: delicate CT that also forms septa carrying BV, LV, ducts, and nerves
  • Islets of Langerhan (highest concentration at tail)

Function:

  • Exocrine:
  • centroacinar cells at beginning of ductal system with acinar cells surrounding, packed with secretory granules
  • no striated ducts
  • secrettion of proenzymes under influence of CCK
  • secretion of alkaline fluid to neutralize chyme under influence of secretin
  • Endocrine:
  • islets of langerhans
  • alpha: glucagon, beta: insulin, delta: somatostatin
55
Q

L10.6 Identify and describe the structure of pancreatic ducts

A
  • acinus cells with centroacinar cells at center –> intercalated duct –> excretory duct
  • main pancreatic duct of Wirsung delivers pancreatic secretions into the duodenum at the ampulla of vater

** NO striated ducts

56
Q

L10.7 Decribe the effect of cholecystokinin and secretin on the exocrine pancreas

A

CCK: secretion of pro-enzymes (trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, peptidase, pancreatic amylase and lipas, and ribo-/deoxyribonucleases)

secretin: secretion of intercalated ducts; alkaline fluid to neutralize acidic chyme

57
Q

L10.8 Describe the main clinical and histological feature of acute pancreatitis

A
  • fatty necrosis with micro-hemorrhages
  • sever inflammation due to blockage and accumulation of pancreatic enzymes which begin to digest the cells of the pancreas
58
Q

L10.9 Describe the outcome in exocrine glands due to mutation in the gene that codes for CFTR protein, which controls the chloride transport in exocrine gland cell membrane.

A
  • abnormal transport of Cl- causes more viscous mucus that obstructs the glands and excretory ducts
  • alters mucus, digestive secretions, sweat, and tears

BPM II-DM (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions