Histology

Question 1

Fibrofatty replacement of muscle

Answer 1

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

• Frameshift
• Pseudohypertrophy of Calf muscle

Question 2

Uniformly enlarged uterus

Secretory endometrium - not pregnant

Answer 2

Endometrial glandular tissue in myometrium = Adenomyosis

• Heavy menstrual bleeding
• Dysmenorrhea
  
  • endometrial tissue growth in confined myometrial space

Question 3

Upper glandular layer of gastric body & fundus

Answer 3

Parietal cells located here - second layer from top

• Intrinsic factor & pernicious anemia
• get B12 deficiency

Question 4

Deeper aspect of gastric glands

- small basophilic granular cells

Answer 4

Chief cells - pepsinogen

Question 5

Large hepatocytes filled with finely granular, homogeneous pale pink cytoplasm

Answer 5

Hepatitis B
- accumulation Hep B surface antigen = granulations
- dull eosinophilic inclusions = pale pink
Could see ballooning degeneration

Question 6

Last to disappear in lungs?

Answer 6

Cilia

Question 7

First sign of puberty in girls?

Answer 7

Breast bud development

Question 8

Immature squamous cell w/ dense, irregularly staining cytoplasm and perinuclear clearing = halo
Enlarged, pyknotic nucleus, condensed chromatin = raisinoid appearance

Answer 8

Koilocytes

- HPV - likes true vocal cords (stratified squamous epith)

Question 9

Facial and periorbital edema

Answer 9

Post Strep GN

- granular deposits of IgG, IgM and C3 along BM & in mesangium

Question 10

Villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia

Answer 10

Celiac disease - do duodenal biopsy

- Brunner’s glands only in duodenum

Question 11

Connexin-43 & Oxytocin receptor
vs.
Claudins, occludin
vs. 
Cadherins

Answer 11

Gap junctions

Tight junctions

Adherens junction

Question 12

Muscle tissue w/ patch of non-red cells (purplish)
Plump MF’s w/ abundant cytoplasm
Central, slender shromatin ribbons

Answer 12

Anitschkow (catepillar) cells = Acute Rheumatic Fever

- seen w/ cardiac biopsy

Question 13

LM: widespread glomerular lesions w/ focal necrosis & crescent formation
IF: ??

Answer 13

Rapidly Progressive GN:

• Parietal cells, monocytes, MF + fibrin
• think Crescent
• think Goodpasture, type IV collagen in BM

IF = IgG and C3 linear deposition along BM

Question 14

Irreversible airspace dilation distal to terminal bronchioles

Answer 14

MF and Neutrophils released proteases (like elastin) that degraded the extracellular matrix, generated ROS, acing wall destruction.
Centriacinar EMphysema

Question 15

Papillary cells w/ fibrovascular core

Answer 15

Intraductal Papilloma

• nipple discharge: thin straw-like, bloody
• may see focal atypic/ductal carcinoma in situ

Question 16

Eosinophilic cytoplasm and loss of Nissl substance

Answer 16

Cerebellar insult 12-24 hours ago
- Red neurons

Liquefactive necrosis 1 week - 1 month

Question 17

Bilateral complex ovarian masses with solid & cystic components
- stomach wall thickening & ovarian masses
Also???

Answer 17

Gastric + Ovarian = Krukenberg tumor

• primarily gastric cancer that migrates to ovary
• see Signet Ring Cells = tons of mucin displacing the nucleus

Question 18

Dilated, coiled endometrial glands & edematous stroma

Answer 18

Ectopic pregnancy

• 2cm mass in left adnexa
• thickened endometrial stripe

Question 19

EM Subepithelial humps

IF: ???

Answer 19

Granular deposits of IgG, IgM and C3 on BM

- post strep GN

Question 20

MI one year ago shows what collagen?

Seven days after??

Answer 20

Type I collagen - like bone, tendons, ligaments, dentin, cornea, scar tissue

Granulation (7 days) is type III collagen

Question 21

Septal myocyte hypertrophy
Myofiber disarray - abnormally shaped myocytes
Bizarre nuclei and increased CT

Answer 21

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

- death young athletes; v-fib

Question 22

Myocyte hypertrophy & haphazardly arranged myocytes and myocyte bundles
Interstitial spaces prominent – fibrosis

Answer 22

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 23

Tumor associated with Polyvinyl chloride, arsenic, or thorotrast
Stain positive for CD 31

Answer 23

Liver angiocarcoma

• CD31 = PECAM1
• means tumor arose from vascular endothelial cells

Question 24

Pink, spider-like lesions on oral & nasal mucosa + face

Answer 24

Telangiectasis - Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome

- rupture of these cause epistaxis, GI bleed, hematuria

Question 25

Café-Au-Lait + Lisch nodules + ______ = ???

Answer 25

+ neurofibromas = NF1

Question 26

Hemangioblastomas

• where?
• syndrome?
• other masses?

Answer 26

Retina & cerebellum
Congenital cysts/neoplasms kidney, liver, pancreas
Von Hippel-Lindau
Risk for Renal cell carcinoma

Question 27

Ducts distended by pleomorphic cells

- prominent central necrosis

Answer 27

Ductal carcinoma in situ

- precursor to invasive ductal carcinoma #1 breast cancer

Question 28

Small cuboidal cells in sheets
Gland-like structures w/ acidophilic material
Microfollicular pattern around pink, eosinophilic center

Answer 28

Granulosa cell tumor of ovary = Call Exner bodies

• increased Estrogen
• increased inhibit
• *clitoromegaly