Histology

Question 1

layers of the git from the lumen to the blood please

Answer 1

mucosa - submucosa - muscularis externa - serosa/adventita

Question 2

what constitutes the mucosa

Answer 2

epitheliu, lamina propria, muscularis mucosa

Question 3

whats the function of the muscularis mucosa

Answer 3

contract/relax to change surface area for absorption… mind blown

Question 4

what constitutes the submucosa

Answer 4

submucosal nerve plexus/messner

Question 5

function of the meissner/submucosal plexus

Answer 5

secertion

Question 6

what constitutes the muscularis externa

Answer 6

mywenteric nerve plexus

inner cir and outer longi layers

Question 7

when do you have a serosa versus an adventitia

Answer 7

serosa - intraperitoneal VRS adventitia - retroperitoneal

Question 8

define: erosion

Answer 8

mucosa only (epi, lp, mscularis mucosa)

Question 9

define: ulcer

Answer 9

can extend into the submucsa, inner of otuer muscular layer

Question 10

what portion of the git has the slowest basal electric rhythm of slow waves

Answer 10

stomach @ 3 waves/min

Question 11

what portion of the git ahs the fastest basal electric rhythm of slow waves

Answer 11

duodenum @ 12 waves /min

Question 12

list the rate of slow waves in a) stomach, b) duodenum and c) ileum

Answer 12

stomach - 3 waves/min
duodenum - 12 waves/min
ileum - 8 to 9 waves/min

Question 13

what is the epithelium in the esophagus

Answer 13

non kerat, strat squamous epi at esophagus

Question 14

where are gastric glands :P

Answer 14

tummy

Question 15

where do villi and microvilli first show up to increased surface area and why?

Answer 15

duodenum to increase absorption

Question 16

where are brunner glands?

Answer 16

duodenum

Question 17

what are brunner glands?

Answer 17

secret HCO3 - makes sense they are in the duodenum then

Question 18

wht are crypts of lieberkun?

Answer 18

intestinal crypts in the small intestine that have all the cells it needs. balh blah blah

Question 19

where are plicae circulares?

Answer 19

jejunum and ileum

Question 20

what is most distal location of pliace circularis?

Answer 20

proximal ileum

Question 21

what is a plicae circulares?

Answer 21

two layers of mucous membrane being bound together by submucosa

http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=plicae+circularis&FORM=HDRSC2#view=detail&id=947737EB990CA359863600D544EC94488735959D&selectedIndex=5

Question 22

what histology wise makes the duodenum unique from the jejunum and ileum

Answer 22

brunner glands

no plicae circularis

Question 23

what histology wise makes the ileum unique from the duodenum and ileum

Answer 23

peyers patches show up

largest amount of goblet cells

Question 24

what layer are peyers patches in the ileum?

Answer 24

lymphoid aggregates in the lamina propria and cubmucosa

Question 25

where do you find the most goblet cells in the small intestine

Answer 25

ileum – last chance to get stuff absorbed, makes it stick and harder to excape. also catchs moos - peyer patches = maybe, just what my own brain thinks

Question 26

where do villi stop

Answer 26

large intestine

Question 27

where do crypts of lieberkun stop

Answer 27

nope. continue from the duodenum to the colon

Question 28

where are goblet cells located

Answer 28

ileum - large intestine.

Question 29

how do branches that supply the git structures branch of the abdominal aorta

Answer 29

ANTERIORLY

Question 30

how do branches supplying non git structures branch off the abdominal aorta

Answer 30

laterally

Question 31

list the branches of the abdominal aorta from superior to inferiot

Answer 31

celiac with left and righr phrenic arteries @ T12
superior mesenteric with left middle suprarenal artery @ L1
left gondal
right gondal
inferior mesenteric @ L3
bifurcation of abdominal aorta to common iliac @ L4
medial sacral artery @ bifurcation
ingernal and external iliacs

Question 32

what artery is found at T12

Answer 32

celiac/phrenics

Question 33

what artery is found at L1

Answer 33

superior mesenteric

Question 34

what artery is fond at L2

Answer 34

nothing listed :)

Question 35

what artery is found at L3

Answer 35

sinferior mesenteric

Question 36

what arter is found at L4

Answer 36

bifurcation of abdominal aorta

Question 37

describe superior mesenteric artery syndrome

Answer 37

transverse portion (third part) of duodenum is trapped between SMA and aorta –> intestinal obstruction

Question 38

list the arterial, parasympa, vertebral layer and structures of the foregut

Answer 38

celiac - vagus - T12/L1 - pharynx (not celiac), lower esophageal (not vagus) to proximal duodenum, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleem (from mesoderm)

Question 39

what portion of the foregut is not supplied by the celiac artery

Answer 39

pharynx

Question 40

what portion of the foregut is not supplied para by the vagus nerve

Answer 40

lower esophagus

Question 41

what portion of the celiac supplied region is not derived from the foregut

Answer 41

spleen

Question 42

list the arterial, parasympa, vertebral layer and structures of the midgut

Answer 42

superior mesenteric, vagus, L1 - distal duodenum to proximal 2/3 of transverse colon

Question 43

list the arterial, parasympa, vertebral layer and structures of the hindgut

Answer 43

inferior mesenteric, pelvic, L3, distal 1/3 transverse colon to upper portion of rectum

Question 44

why is the splenic flexure prone to iscahemia > other portions of git

Answer 44

watershed area between the superior mesenteric and the inferior mesenteric.