Histology

Question 0

Accessory Glands

Answer 0

Salivary glands
Liver
Gallbladder

Question 1

Digestive Trunk

Answer 1

Oral cavity
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Anus

Question 2

Foregut

Answer 2

From the pharynx to the duodenum

Pain is felt in the epigastric

Question 3

Midgut

Answer 3

Pain is felt in the periumbilical area

Question 4

Hindgut

Answer 4

Pain is felt in the hypogastric area

Question 5

Oral Cavity

Answer 5

Mucosa: nonkeratinized stratified squaamous epithelium
Submucosa
Muscularis externa: muscle of the cheek
Adventitia: loose CT superficial to the muscle

Question 6

Tongue

Answer 6

Sulcus terminalis: V-shaped groove separating anterior and posterior portions
Angle found in sulcus terminalis:

Question 7

Lingual Papillae

Answer 7

Filiform
Fungiform: contain taste buds
Circumvallate

Question 8

Taste buds

Answer 8

3 types of cells under LM
1 Sustentacular
2 Basal
3

5 types of taste buds under EM (hw)

Question 9

Pharynx

Answer 9

Mucosa: stratified, nonkeratinized and keratinized
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Adventitia

Question 10

Esophagus

Answer 10

Mucosa: stratified squamous, thinly keratinized, abruptly ends at GEJ (gastro-esophageal junction/stomach: simple columnar
Muscularis mucosa: Smooth muscles
Submucosa: forms transient folds
Muscularis: oblique fibers
Serosa

Question 11

Stomach

Answer 11

Mucosa: rugae
Submucosa: blood vessels, lymphatics, lamina propria, Meissner’s plexus
Muscularis externa
Serosa

Question 12

Gastric mucosal barrier

-prevents it from being digested by 1-2 pH

Answer 12

3 components:
1 epithelium
2 mucosal layer
3 bicarbonate ions

Question 13

Responsible for basophilia

Answer 13

Ribosomes (synthesize proteins)

Question 14

Parietal (oxyntic) cells

Answer 14

Most conspicuous

Produce HCl and gastric intrinsic factor (necessary for absorption of Vit B12 - pernicious anemia)

Question 15

Gastrin

Answer 15

Responsible for the secretion of HCl

Question 16

Small intestine
-Main functions is absorption
- Increase the surface area by having
1Plicae circularis (valves of Kerckring/intestinal folds)
2Crypts of Lieberkuhn (found in the lamina propria)
3Microvilli (30 fold amplification)

Answer 16

M cells: microfold, specialized epithelial cells overlying lymphoid follicles
Peyer’s patches: cause perforations of the ileum

Question 17

Histology lab tip:

If you find a Brunner’s gland

Answer 17

In the duodenum segment

Question 18

What are absorbed in the large intestine?

Answer 18

1 Vit K

2 Vit B12

Question 19

Rectum

Answer 19

Nawawala na ang taenia coli so no haustra

Question 20

Anus

Answer 20

Abrupt transition from columnar to stratified squamous epithelium

Question 21

Salivary Glands

Answer 21

Parotid - Stensen’s duct - 2nd upper molar
Submandibular - Mixed serous and mucous, predominantly serous, Gianucchi, Wharton’s duct
Sublingual - Floor of the mouth near lingual frenulum, predominantly mucous, duct of Rivinus

Question 22

Liver

Answer 22

Largest gland
Produces thrombopoietin, erythropoietin 
Both exocrine and endocrine
Glisson's capsule
Has dual blood supply: portal vein and hepatic artery

Question 23

Phagocytic cells in the liver

Answer 23

Von Kupffer cells

• macrophage
• come from monocytes
• use special staining to see

Question 24

Portal Triad

Answer 24

Portal vein
Hepatic artery
Bile duct

Question 25

Classic anatomic lobule

Answer 25

Zone 1

Zone 3

Question 26

Bangungot

Answer 26

Acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis

Question 27

Lab tip:

Answer 27

Memorize the Islet of Langerhans to differentiate Parotid from Pancreas

Question 28

Take note:

Answer 28

Pancreas has no striated duct