Histology

Question 1

Simple squamous: Location and function?

Answer 1

• Alveoli in lungs, Lining of heart, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels
• Allows materials to pass through by diffusion and filtration
• Secretes lubricating substance

Question 2

Simple cuboidal: Location and function?

Answer 2

• In ducts and secretory portions of small glands
• Kidney tubules
• Secretes and absorbs

Question 3

Simple columnar: Location and function?

Answer 3

• Ciliated tissues – bronchi, uterine tubes and uterus
• Non-ciliated – digestive tract and bladder
• Absorbs and also secretes mucous and enzymes

Question 4

Pseudostratified columnar: Location and function

Answer 4

• Ciliated – respiratory epithelia
• Secretes mucous
• Ciliated tissue moves mucous

Question 5

Stratified squamous: Location and function?

Answer 5

• Oesophagus
• Mouth
• Vagina
• Protects against abrasion

Question 6

Stratified cuboidal: Location and function?

Answer 6

• Sweat glands
• Salivary glands
• Mammary glands
• Protective tissue

Question 7

Stratified columnar: Location and function?

Answer 7

• Male urethra
• Ducts of some glands
• Secretes and protects

Question 8

Transitional (urothelium): Location and function?

Answer 8

• Bladder
• Urethra
• Ureters
• Allows urinary organs to expand and stretch

Question 9

Answer 9

• Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E)
• Purple: Haematoxylin – stains acidic structures e.g. nuclei, ribosomes, rough ER, DNA, RNA
• Pink: Eosin – stains basic structures e.g. proteins

Question 10

Answer 10

• Masson’s Trichrome
• Connective tissue technique
• Collagen stain
• Purple: Nuclei and basophils
• Blue: Collagen
• Red: Cytoplasm, muscle, erythrocytes, keratin

Question 11

Answer 11

• Van Gieson
• Connective tissue
• Can be combined with an elastin stain
• Purple: Nuclei
• Yellow: Erythrocytes and cytoplasm
• Red: Collagen

Question 12

Answer 12

• Alcian Blue
• Mucin stain
• Usually combined with H&E or van Gieson
• Purple: Certain types of mucin
• Blue: Certain types of mucin and van Gieson

Question 13

Answer 13

• Periodic Acid – Schiff (PAS)
• Histochemical – stains specific cellular compartments
• Pink: Complex carbohydrates
• PAS positive – mucin from goblet cells of gastro and respiratory basement membranes, brush borders of kidney tubules, small and large intestine
• Pink: Cartilage, collagen, glycogen

Question 14

Answer 14

• Nissl Methylene Blue
• Stains rough ER in neurons = Nissl substance
• Purple: Rough ER

Question 15

Answer 15

• Giemsa
• For blood cells and smears of cells, bone marrow
• Purple: Nuclei
• Blue: Background cytoplasm
• Pink: Erythrocytes

Question 16

Answer 16

• Azan
• Connective tissue, fine detail, respiratory epithelium
• Red: Nuclei
• Purple: Collagen, basement membrane, mucin
• Yellow: Muscle, erythrocytes

Question 17

Answer 17

• Osmium
• Heavy metal stain
• Stains for lipids
• Identifying myelinated neurons

Question 18

Answer 18

• Perls’ Prussian Blue
• Detect the presence of iron in biological tissues