Histological stains

Question 1

Fontana stain

Answer 1

+ve for melanin- Melanoma

Question 2

Congo red

Answer 2

+ve for amyloid- Amyloidosis
apple green birefringence

Question 3

Rhodanine stain

Answer 3

Golden brown against blue counterstain +ve for copper
– Wilson’s disease

Question 4

Prussian blue

Answer 4

+ve for iron – Haemachromatosis

Question 5

Perl’s stain

Answer 5

+ve for iron – Haemachromatosis

Question 6

Cytokeratin

Answer 6

+ve for epithelial cells – Carcinoma

Question 7

CD45

Answer 7

+ve for lymphoid cells – lymphocytes

Question 8

Ziehl-Neelson

Answer 8

Red against a blue background
+ve for acid-fast bacilli – TB

Question 9

Rhodamine-Auramine stain

Answer 9

Bright yellow – TB

Question 10

Gomori’s methanamine silver stain

Answer 10

Flying saucer shaped cysts – Pneumocystic jirovecii

Candida, Aspergillus

Question 11

Modified Kinyoung acid fast stain

Answer 11

+ve for Cryptosporidium parvum

Question 12

India ink stain

Answer 12

Yeast cells surrounded by halos – Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 13

Giemsa stain

Answer 13

Cystoplasmic inclusions – Chlamydisa psittaci

Question 14

Fite stain

Answer 14

+ve for Mycobacterium leprae

Question 15

Vimentin stain

Answer 15

Mensenchymal tissue

Sarcomas, Endometrial Carcinoma, RCC, Meningioma

Question 16

S100

Answer 16

Schwannoma, melanoma

Question 17

Desmin

Answer 17

rhabdomyosarcoma (muscle cells)

Question 18

GFAP

Answer 18

Neuroglia

Glioblastoma, Astrocytoma, Oligodendrogliomas, Ependymomas

Question 19

Chromogranin and synaptophsyin

Answer 19

Neuroendocrine cells

Small cell lung cancer, carcinoid tumour

Question 20

Neurofilament stain

Answer 20

neuronal tumours

neuroblastomas, medulloblastomas, retinoblastomas

Question 21

Periodic acid Schiff

Answer 21

Intracytoplasmic globules of A1AT,

pneumocystitis