Histo module 3 Flashcards by Enn Cee

Part of the macrovasculature except 
A. Muscular artery 
B. large arteriolar 
C. Capillaries 
D. Elastic artery

C.
Macrovasculature- large arterioles, muscular and elastic arteries, and muscular veins
Microvasculature - arterioles, venules, postcapillary vessels

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Part of the blood vascular sys, whose function is to carry the blood, with its nutrients and oxygen, to the tissues
A. Heart
B. capillary 
C. Vein 
D. Artery

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Consist of HELICAL layer of smooth muscle
A. Tunica intima
B. tunica media
C. Tunica adventitia

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First antibody produced in initial immune response

IgM

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What layer or tunica can you usually see vasa vasorum

Tunica adventitia

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Aka lymphoblast cells

Large lymphocytes

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True or false. Arteries are EFFERENT vessels

True

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What antibody acts as antigen receptor to trigger initial B cell activation

IgD

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Organ whose function is to pump blood

Heart

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Veins have ______, arteries have _____
A. Thin tunica externa, thin tunica media
B. thin tunica externa, thick tunica media
C. Thick tunica externa, thin tunica media
D. Thick tunica externa, thick tunica media

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Secretory IgA are composed of 2-3 monomers that is united by what polypeptide chain

Protein J

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Largest immunoglobulin

IgM. Mabilis and malaki. First to react and pentamer

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True or false. Endothelium are true epithelium

False

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True or false. Lymph movement is ALWAYS towards the heart

True

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Where can you find baroreceptors
A. Carotid body
B. carotid sinus

B. carotid body - chemoreceptors

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glycoprotein that interacts specifically with an antigenic determinant

Antibody

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Function of left ventricle and left atrium respectively
A. Pump blood to lungs, receive blood from body
B. pump blood to lungs, receive blood from pulmonary vein
C. Pump blood to rest of body, receive blood from body
D. Pump blood to rest of body, receive blood from pulmonary vein

D. Right ventricle and right atrium yun letter A

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In the heart, Where can you find purkinjie fibers
A. Endocardium 
B. Subendocardium 
C. Myocardium 
D. Pericardium

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True or false. Membrane bound IgM activates the complement system

False. Secretory IgM dapat. Function of membrane bound IgM is as receptor site for antigen g

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site of interchanges between blood and the surrounding tissues both under normal conditions and during inflammatory processes
A. Macrovasculature 
B. microvasculature
C. Both 
D. None of the above

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cytokines that induce diapedesis of leukocytes and migration to sites of inflammation

Chemokines or chemotaxins

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Where is the SA and AV node located

Right atrium

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Continuous with the organ
A. Tunica intima
B. tunica media
C. Tunica adventitia

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excess tissue fluid carried by lymphatic vessels

Lymph

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Lymphatic classification found in the lamina propia of appendix

Dense lymphatic tissue along with LP of ileum, colon

Basis for development of. Varicose veins

Valve failure in the legs

Composed of cords of dense connective tissue extending from the valves and attached to papillary muscles that help prevent valves from turning inside-out during ventricular contraction

Chorda tendinae

Lymphatic tissues are made primarily of what cell type

Lymphocytes

Consist of type I collagen and elastin A. Tunica intima B. tunica media C. Tunica adventitia

only primary lymphatic organ

Thymus gland

True or false, capillaries also has tunica intima, tunica media, Tunica adventitia

False. They only have endothelium. No subendothelium or tunica..

Characteristic feature of thymus

Thymic corpuscles or Hassl’s bodies

Tunica intima is separated to tunica media by

Internal elastic lamina | Media and adventitia separated by external elastic lamina

Largest lymphatic organ

Spleen

True or false. Perforation of elastic lamina DECREASES with age

False. Increases Newborn 40. Adult 70

Atherosclerosis is the thickening of what layer of the artery

Tunica intima

Weakening of tunica media of an artery may lead to what disease

Aneurysm

site of leukocyte exit from vasculature

Small veins

``` After injury pericytes become A. Tunica intima B. tunica media C. Tunica externa D. Two of the above ```

True or false. The cells of the immune system recognize and react to the whole antigen molecule

False, they only react to epitopes

``` main sites for the exchange of O2 and CO2 between inspired air and blood A. Bronchus B. bronchioles C. Alveoli D. Nasal cavity ```

Alveoli

Acts as electrical insulation between atria and ventricles

Cardiac skeleton

central pale staining portion of a lymphatic nodule

Germinal center

``` Portion of the conducting portion of the respiratory sys except A. Bronchi B. bronchioles C. Nasal cavity D. Alveoli ```

D. Conducting portion - nasal cavity, bronchi, terminal bronchioles, nasopharynx, trachea, larynx Respiratory portion - respiratory bronchioles, alveoli, alveoli ducts

Most abundant immunoglobulin

IgG. Placental transfer

``` Part of the respiratory sys, where actual exchange of gas occurs A. Conducting B. respiratory C. Both D. None ```

B. Conducting- bring air to the lungs

principal attachment for the cardiac muscles and AV valves

Annuli fibrosi

Morphology of respiratory epithelium

Ciliated Pseudo stratified columnar epithelium

What protein is deficient in immotile cilia syndrome

Dynein

``` Smokers' respiratory tract has the ff characteristics except A. More rapid clearance B. decrease movement of mucous layer C. Reduce goblet cells D. Reduce ciliated cell ```

C. Goblet cells increase

``` The ff are covered by respiratory epithelium except A. Inferior conchae B. middle conchae C. Superior conchae D. Trachea ```

C. It is covered by olfactory epithelium

Which part of the respiratory tract is rigid, short passage for air between the pharynx and the trachea

Larynx

Morphology of the lingual surface of the epiglottis

Stratified squamous epithelium

Ventricular contraction

Systole | Diastole-ventricular relaxation

``` Veins have ______, arteries have _____ A. Thin tunica externa, wide lumen B. thin tunica externa, narrow lumen C. Thick tunica externa, wide lumen D. Thick tunica externa, narrow lumen ```

``` Carries un oxygenated blood to the heart A. Heart B. capillary C. Vein D. Artery ```

``` Antibodies are bound by A. Disulfide bond and covalent bonds B. disulfide bond and non covalent bonds C. Disulfide bonds only D. Covalent bonds only E. non covalent bonds only ```

True or false. Ventricular walls are THICKER than arterial walls

True

``` Secondary lymphoid organ except A. lymph nodes B. mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue c. spleen D. Thymus ```

D. Primary un along with bone marrow

The internal surface of all components of the blood and lymphatic systems is lined by a single layer of a squamous epithelium called _______

Endothelium

``` An antibody has/have ___ binding site A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3 E. it varies on what antibody ```

``` Part of the blood vascular sys, whose walls the interchange between blood and tissues takes place A. Heart B. artery C. Vein D. Capillary ```

Action of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves on the heart A. Slow heartbeat, accelerates heart rhythm B. fast heartbeat, accelerates heart rhythm C. Slow heartbeat, decelerates heart rhythm D. Fast heartbeat, decelerates heart rhythm

``` Major immunoglobulins found of B cell surfaces A. IgM , IgA B. IgG, IgM C. IgE, IgA D. IgM, IgD ```

Majority of the lymphocytes are A. Small B medium C. Large

Smallest part of the blood vascular sys

Capillaries

``` Which of the ff is correct A. T cell- humoral immunity B. T cell longer lifespan C. B cell more than T cell D. T cell have antibodies ```

``` Results from convergence of capillaries A. Heart B. capillary C. Vein D. Artery ```

Acts as a semipermeable membrane between blood and interstitial tissue

Endothelium

Epicardium is lined by

Mesothelium

``` Valves in lymph capillaries are closed when A. Pressure inside is lower B. pressure outside is lower C. Volume inside is higher D.volume outside is higher. ```

The stroma of lymphatic tissues is made of A. Reticular tissues B. collagenous tissue C. Elastic tissues

``` AIDS kills A. CD4 B. CD8 C. B cells D. CD 25 ```

CD4 or t helper

``` Binding site of an antibody is composed of A. Fc region and variable region B. 2 heavy chain and 2 light chain C. 1 heavy chain , 1 light chain D. Varies ```