Histamine, Serotonin, Ergot alkaloids, Eicosanoids Flashcards

1
Q

Diphenhydramine

A
  • Reversible H1 blockers.
  • Use: allergy, motion sickness, sleep aid.
  • Tox: Sedation, antimuscarinic, anti-α-adrenergic.
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2
Q

Dimenhydrinate

A
  • Reversible H1 blockers.
  • Use: allergy, motion sickness, sleep aid.
  • Tox: Sedation, antimuscarinic, anti-α-adrenergic.
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3
Q

Chlorpheniramine

A
  • Reversible H1 blockers.
  • Use: allergy, motion sickness, sleep aid.
  • Tox: Sedation, antimuscarinic, anti-α-adrenergic.
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4
Q

Cetirizine

A
  • 2nd gen: H1 blocker
  • Use:Allergy
  • no anti-muscarinic activity = dec. entry into CNS
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5
Q

Loratadine, fexofenadine, desloratadine

A
  • 2nd gen: H1 blocker
  • Use:Allergy
  • no anti-muscarinic activity = dec. entry into CNS
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6
Q

Sumatriptan

A
  • 5-HT(1B/1D) agonist.
  • induces vasoconstriction (Half-life < 2 hours)
  • Use: acute migraines, cluster headaches
  • Tox: coronary vasospasm, mild tingling.
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7
Q

Ondansetron

A
  • 5-HT(3) antagonist;  central-acting antiemetic.
  • Use: Control vomiting postop and in chemotherapy.
  • Tox: Headache, constipation.
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8
Q

LTB 4

A
  • chemotactant in inflammation

- Use: no clinical application

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9
Q

LTC 4, LTD 4

A
  • Bronchoconstrictors important in anaphylaxis, cause edema.

- Use: no clinical application

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10
Q

TXA2

A
  • platelet aggregation, vasoconstriction

- Use: no clinical application

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11
Q

PGI 2 : epoprostenol

A

-prostacyclin analog: vasodilation, reduces platelet
aggregation (opposite of TXA2).
-Use: Vasodilator in pulm HTN, antiplatelet agent in
extracorporeal dialysis.
-Tox: Hypotension, flushing, headache (all due to vasodilation).

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12
Q

PGE 1 derivative: misoprostol

A
  • increased HCO 3 and mucus secretion in stomach, uterine contraction, maintain PDA.
  • Use: antidote to aspirin induced ulcer, abortifacient, maintain PDA (used in disposition of great vessels).
  • Tox: Diarrhea, uterine cramping
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13
Q

PGF 2 derivative: latanoprost

A
  • Increases outflow of aqueous humor, reduces intraocular pressure
  • Use: glaucoma
  • Tox: color change in iris.
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