HIST 205 Timeline and Dates Flashcards
1
Q
7th century
A
Hoplite Revolution
2
Q
657-625 BC
A
Reign of Cypselus
3
Q
560-546 BC
A
reign of Croesus of Lydia
4
Q
559-530 BC
A
reign of Cyrus the Great
5
Q
546 BC
A
Capture of Sardis from Croesus by Cyrus
6
Q
546 BC
A
Pisistratus captures Athens for the final time and rules until his death in 527 BC
7
Q
527-510 BC
A
Reign of Hippias
8
Q
522-486 BC
A
Reign of Darius I in Persia
9
Q
510 BC
A
Spartans invade Athens and Hippias goes into exile
10
Q
509-508 BC
A
Cleithenes introduces reforms that found Athenian democracy
11
Q
499-493 BC
A
Ionian revolts in Persia
12
Q
492-490 BC
A
First Persian War
13
Q
490 BC
A
Battle of Marathon (Persian defeat)
14
Q
486-465 BC
A
Reign of Xerxes
15
Q
480-479 BC
A
Second Persian War
16
Q
480 BC
A
Battle of Thermopylae (Greek defeat)
17
Q
480 BC
A
Battle of Salamis (Persian defeat and Xerxes’ retreat)
18
Q
479 BC
A
Battle of Platea (Persian defeat)
19
Q
480-323 BC
A
Classical Period
20
Q
484-425 BC
A
Life of Herodotus
21
Q
451 BC
A
Pericles’ citizenship laws (only children of a married male Athenian citizen and a female Athenian citizen can become citizens)
22
Q
470-400 BC
A
Life of Aspasia
23
Q
431-404 BC
A
Peloponnesian War (Thebans try to capture Plataea in 431 BC and war breaks out)
24
Q
430-427 BC
A
Plague of Athens
25
421-414 BC
Peace of Nicias (broken in 414 BC and full war starts again)
26
415-413 BC
The Sicilian Expedition (Athens’ campaign against Syracuse which was proposed by general Alcibiades)
27
403 BC
Overthrowing of Thirty Tyrants and restoration of Athenian democracy
28
395-387 BC
Corinthian War
29
386 BC
“King’s Peace” (Sparta wins Corinthian War because of backing of Persian king Artaxerxes II)
30
371 BC
The Battle of Leuctra: a massive loss for the Spartans, victory for Thebes
31
359-336 BC
Reign of Philip II of Macedon
32
346 BC
Macedonian conquest of northern Greece and central Greece up to the Thermopylae pass
33
338 BC
Battle of Chaeronea near Thebes (total victory for Philip)
34
338-337 BC
Creation of League of Corinth (lead by Philip II of Macedon with purpose of panhellenic invasion of Persia)
35
336 BC
Assassination of Philip II of Macedon
36
336-323 BC
Reign of Alexander the Great
37
334 BC
Invasion of Alexander into Asia
38
333-332 BC
conquest by Alexander of the Levant and Egypt
39
324 BC
Alexander’s failed campaign in India and return to Persia
40
323 BC
Death of Alexander
41
323-281 BC
War of the Successors (Ptolemy gets Egypt, Antigonus gets Anatolia)
42
311 BC
Antigonus gets too powerful and Ptolemy and Seleucus defeat him in War of Successors
43
281 BC
Official divided kingdoms: Antigonics in Macedon; Seleucids in Syria/Percis; Ptolemies in Egypt
44
278-268 BC
Arsinoe II rules Egypt
45
267-261 BC
Chremonidean War + Decree - alliance of Athens, Sparta Ptolemy II of Egypt and some other Greek poleis against Antigonus Gonatas of Macedon
46
753 BC
legendary foundation of Rome by Romulus and Remus
47
509 BC
Rome’s last king is exiled and republic is allegedly founded
48
5th and 4th centuries
Struggle of the Orders
49
367 BC
Plebeians can now become consuls
50
160-120 BC
Polybius writes his work on Roman history
51
280-275 BC
The Pyrrhic War - Tarentum in southern Italy calls on King Pyrrhus of Epirus for help
52
264-241 BC
First Punic War
53
247-183 BC
life of Hannibal Barca
54
218-202 BC
Second Punic War
55
219 BC
Hannibal besieges Saguntum (a Roman ally south of Ebro river), causing outbreak of Second Punic War
56
216 BC
Battle of Cannae (Romans defeat after losing two other battles in Second Punic War)
57
202 BC
Battle of Zama (Carthaginian defeat and heavy war indemnities)
58
214-205 BC
First Macedonian War (Rome vs. Philip V of Macedon-ends in stalemate)
59
200-197 BC
Second Macedonian War (Roman victory)
60
171-168 BC
Third Macedonian War (Roman victory)
61
140s
Greek and Macedonian Revolts against Rome
62
149-146 BC
Third Punic War
63
146 BC
Sacking of Carthage
64
136-131 BC
First Slave Revolt (Sicily)
65
112-106 BC
Jugurthine War
66
118 BC
Death of Numidian king leads to kingdom being divided between brothers and fighting
67
107 BC
Election of Gaius Marius as consul
68
165-133 BC
life of Tiberius Gracchus (elected tribune in 134 BC)
69
154-121 BC
life of Gaius Gracchus (tribune 123-121 BC)
70
91-89 BC
Social War
71
88 BC
First Civil War (Sulla marches on Rome)
72
87 BC
Marius returns and captures Rome, then dies
73
83-82 BC
Sulla returns to Italy after truce with Mithridates and wins next round of civil war
74
80 BC
Sulla resigns dictatorship and dies in 78 BC
75
106-48 BC
life of Pompey
76
104-100 BC
Second Slave Revolt (Sicily)
77
73-71 BC
Spartacus Slave Revolt
78
70 BC
Consulship of Crassus and Pompey
79
70-30 BC
life of Cleopatra VII
80
63 BC
Caitline’s Conspiracy
81
100-44 BC
life of Gaius Julius Caesar
82
60-50 BC
First Triumvirate (Dictatorship between Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus)
83
58-50 BC
Caesar’s conquest of Gaul
84
49-45 BC
Caesar’s Civil War
85
48 BC
Battle of Pharsalus (Caesar vs. Pompey and most of the senate)
86
45 BC
Caesar returns to Rome and is named dictator without a time limit ("Dictator Perpetuo")
87
44 BC
Caesar is killed
88
63 BC-14 AD
life of Octavian/Augustus
89
43-32 BC
Second Triumvirate (Dictatorship between Marc Antony, Octavian, and Lepidus)
90
27 BC
Octavian/Augustus “restores” republic and is declared "princeps"
91
23 BC
greater imperium imbued into Augustus without consulship and Augustus given tribunician power
92
18-17 BC and 9 AD
Augustus’ moral reforms on marriage and adultery
93
14-68 AD
Julio-Claudian Dynasty
94
37-41 AD
reign of Caligula
95
15-59 AD
life of Agrippina the Younger
96
54-68 AD
reign of Nero
97
64 AD
Great Fire of Rome
98
69 AD
Year of four emperors (Vespasian wins civil wars and becomes emperor)
99
70 AD
Sack of Jerusalem
100
69-70 AD
Law on the Imperium of Vespasian (codification of powers of emperors)
101
80 AD
Opening of Colosseum
102
79 AD
Eruption of Mount Vesuvius
103
81-96 AD
reign of Domitian
104
96-180 AD
Five Good Emperors
105
98-117 AD
reign of Trajan
106
192-211 AD
reign of Septimus Severus
107
211-217 AD
reign of Caracalla
108
212 AD
Antonine Constitution by Caracalla makes nearly all free subjects Roman citizens
109
235-284 AD
Third Century Crisis (over fifty emperors in fifty years)
110
260-270s
Breakaway provinces of Gaul and Palmyra become mini-Roman empires
111
270-275 AD
reign of Aurelian and restoration (ish) of peace
112
284-305 AD
reign of Diocletian and end of the Third Century Crisis
113
293 AD
creation of tetrarchy (two junior and two senior emperors)
114
301 AD
Diocletian’s Edict on Maximum Prices
115
305 AD
Diocletian retires and civil war breaks out
116
313-337 AD
reign of Constantine
117
312 AD
Constantine’s conversion
after Battle of Milvian Bridge
118
313 AD
edict of toleration for Christianity, but Christianity not made official religion of empire
119
325 AD
Council of Nicaea
120
330 AD
Constantinople becomes capital
121
361-363 AD
reign of Julian “the Apostate” (only non Christian emperor after Constantine)
122
379-395 AD
reign of Theodosius I
123
380 AD
Christianity becomes official religion
124
395 AD
Eastern and Western Roman Empire permanently split
125
410 AD
Visigoth sack of Rome
126
410 AD
Britannia secedes
127
420s AD
Vandals take over Spain
128
435 AD:
Vandals take over North Africa
129
455 AD:
Vandals sack Rome and cut aqueducts
130
476 AD
Fall of Western Roman Empire (Romulus Augustus deposed and Odovacer (a Goth?) declares himself king)
131
527-565 AD
reign of Emperor Justinian in Eastern Roman Empire
132
1453 AD
Fall of Eastern Roman/Byzantine Empire
