Hippocrates and Galen Flashcards
What was Hippocrates and when was he alive from and until?
Ancient Greek Physician, 460BC - 370BC.
What did Hippocrates believe caused illness?
Natural cause opposed to a supernatural one. Imbalance of the four humours which is an idea that he developed with Aristotle.
How would Hippocrates diagnose the illness?
Observe a patient and record their symptoms (clinical observation). Using recorded information he would decide what was wrong with the patient.
What would Hippocrates suggest to treat the illness?
Leading a balanced lifestyle to balance the four humours and bloodletting.
What was Galen and when was he alive from and until?
Ancient Roman Physician, 130AD - 216AD.
What did Galen believe caused an illness?
Imbalance of the four humours, he added different elements. Learned more about anatomy through animal dissection and he had some experience with human dissection as he worked as a doctor in a gladiator school.
How would Galen diagnose an illness?
Clinical observation and listening to a patients pulse.
How would Galen treat disease?
Linked the four humours to seasons and elements. Theory of opposites.
What influence did Hippocrates have on medicine in Britain?
His name is still very much associated with medicine today. All newly qualified doctors take the ‘Hippocratic Oath’, that he invented, which states the obligation and proper conduct of doctors. One of the first doctors to use clinical observation which is still used today as he used what he had observed and recorded to decide how best to treat the patient. Also, the first doctor to view the body as a whole instead of treating individual parts and believed that diet and rest were hugely important for a patients recovery. Believed work done by a doctor should be kept separate from the work done by a priestt.
What oath do doctors take which was invented by Hippocrates?
‘Hippocratic Oath’
What influence did Galen have on medicine in Britain?
He developed the scientific discipline of anatomy as he could see inside the body and how parts worked then developed by other doctors. Galen’s medical work referred to the ‘Creator’ and he believed in one God so fitted with Christian ideas. So the doctor’s believed his ideas were correct and if anyone challenged anything Galen wrote it would be seen as a criticism of the Church. Would say the body was wrong not Galen. He went wrong when he believed the anatomical structure of these animals would be similar to humans and was later found out he was wrong about the heart.
Where had Galen worked which helped his medical discoveries?
Gladiator school.
If somebody dissected a human and said Glen was wrong, what would the Church say?
That the body was wrong not Galen.
What would they do if there was too much or too little blood?
Bloodletting and trepanning.
What is a proctor?
A person who would dissect dead bodies for anatomical demonstration.
