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MSK Anatomy > Hip/thigh/knee > Flashcards

Hip/thigh/knee Flashcards

1
Q

Hip capsular ligaments

A

Iliofemoral
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral

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2
Q

HIp joint BS

A

circumflex (medial and lateral femoral)

branch of obturator artery

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3
Q

LCL AI

A

lateral epicondyle of femur to the head of fibula

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4
Q

MCL AI

A

Medial epicondyle to the medial surface of the shaft of the tibia
Attaches to the medial meniscus

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5
Q

ACL AI

A

Anterior part of the intercondylar area of tibia to the lateral condyle of the femur
APEX

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6
Q

PCL AI

A

Posterior part of the intercondylar area of tibia to the medial condyle of the femur
PAIN

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7
Q

Gluteus maximus N

A

inferior gluteal

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8
Q

Gluteus medius N

A

Sup gluteal

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9
Q

Gluteus minimus N

A

sup gluteal

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10
Q

Superficial gluteal muscles

A

Gluteus maximus, medius, minimus

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11
Q

Gluteus maximus fxn

A

hip extension

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12
Q

gluteus medius fxn

A

hip abduction

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13
Q

gluteus minimus fxn

A

hip abduction

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14
Q

Tensor fascia lata N

A

sup gluteal

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15
Q

tensor fascia lata fxn

A

medial rotator of hip joint

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16
Q

Ant compartment muscle

A 
Sartorius
Quadriceps (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis)
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17
Q

Ant compartment nerve

A

Femoral

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18
Q

Ant compartmetn exception

A

Sartorius - femoral N but flexes the hip and knee joints

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19
Q

Medial compartment muscle

A

Gracilis

Adductors: adductor longus, brevis, magnus

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20
Q

Medial compartment n

A

obturator

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21
Q

Medial compartment exception

A

Hamstring part of the adductor magnus is innervated by the sciatic nerve

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22
Q

Posterior compartment muscles

A

biceps femoris
semitendinosus
semimembranosus

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23
Q

Post compartment N

A

Sciatic (tibial)

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24
Q

Posterior thigh fxn

A

knee flexion

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25
Sciatic n course
Passes through the greater sciatic foramen, enters gluteal region Enters the back of the thigh at the lower border of the gluteus maximus RUns down to popliteal fossa where it divides into tibial and common fibular nerves
26
Sacral plexus components
L4, L5, S1, 2, 3, part of S4
27
Sacral plexus main branches
Sciatic (L4 - S3) Superior gluteal (L4 - S1) inferior gluteal (L5 - S2) Nerve branches for deep gluteal
28
Superior gluteal N course
Enters through greater sciatic foramen, passes above the piriformis Along with sup. gluteal artery
29
Inferior gluteal N
enters through greater sciatic foramen, passes below the piriformis Along with inferior gluteal artery
30
sup gluteal artery
branch of internal iliacenters through G. sciatic foramen above piriformis
31
inf gluteal artery
branch of internal iliacenters through G> sciatic foramen below piriformis
32
Posterior thigh arterial supply
perforating branches of the deep femoral artery
33
Main contents of popliteal fossa
Popliteal artery (genicular branches) and vein TIbial nerve + branches Common fibular (peroneal) nerve + branches popliteal lymph nodes, fat
34
Lumbar plexus components
Ventral rami of L1-L4
35
Lumbar plexus main branches
Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh (L2-L3) Femoral nerve (L2-L4) Obturator (L2-L4)
36
Lateral cutaneous N supply
skin on anterolateral side of the thigh
37
Femoral nerve course
Deep to the inguinal ligament
38
Femoral N supply
all anterior thigh musclesskin of the anterior and medial thigh longest sensory branch: Saphenous - supplies skin on medial side of the leg & foot
39
Obturator N supply
chief nerve o the medial compartment of the thigh | all hip adductor muscleship + knee joints
40
Obturator N course
through obturator canal
41
Superficial veins of the lower limb
Great saphenous vein | small saphenous vein
42
Great saphenous v course
Runs upwards from dorsum of foot anterior to medial malleolus, along medial side of the leg and knee opens into the femoral vein in the upper part of the thigh
43
Small saphenous v course
Runs upwards, posterior to the lateral malleolus, drains into popliteal vein
44
Ant compartment fxn
knee extension (except sartorius)
45
Medial compartment fxn
hip adduction
46
Posterior compartment fxn
knee flexion
47
Vastus medialis OI
femur to quadriceps femoris tendon (tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament)
48
Vastus intermedius OI
femur to quadriceps femoris tendon(tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament)
49
Vastus laterals OI
femur to quadriceps femoris tendon (tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament)
50
Rectus femoris OI
hip bone to tibia via quadriceps tendon
51
Sartorius OI
hip bone to tibia (Pes Anserine)
52
Sartorius fxn
hip and knee flexion
53
Pectineus OI
hip bone to femur
54
Adductor longus OI
hip bone to femur
55
Adductor brevis OI
hip bone to femur
56
Adductor magnus OI
hip bone to femur
57
Gracilis OI
hip bone to Tibia (Pes Anserine)
58
Pectinius N
femoral
59
Pecteneus fxn
hip adduction
60
Adductor hiatus
opening in the aponeurosis of the adductor magnus leading from the ant compartment into the popliteal fossa transmits the femoral vessels
61
Femoral triangle
Triangular depression on the front of the upper part of the thigh immediately below the inguinal ligament Bounded by thigh muscles +inguinal ligament Contains (medial to lateral) Femoral Vein, Artery, Nerve (NAVI)
62
Pes Anserinus
"Say Grace before Tea" (medial to lateral) | Sartorius, Gracilis and semiTendinosus attach to the tibia Anserine bursa between this tendon and knee joint capsule
63
Femoral artery course
continuation of external iliac passes under inguinal ligament enters femoral trianglepasses through adductor hiatus becomes popliteal artery in the p. fossa
64
Main branches of the femoral artery
Profunda femoris artery (deep artery of thigh) | muscular branches to the extensor and adductor muscles
65
Profunda femoris artery branches
Lateral circumflex femoral artery Medial circumflex femoral artery (maj artery of the head of the femur) Perforating branches (supply the back of the thigh)
66
Obturator artery
branch of the internal iliac | Supplies tissue around obturator foramen and the head of the femur
67
L1 dermatome
inguinal ligament
68
L2 derm
upper thigh
69
L3 derm
medial knee
70
L4 derm
medial malleolus
71
L5 derm
1st web space
72
S1 derm
lateral heel
73
Hip flexion spinal nerves
L2 3
74
Knee extension spinal nerves
L3 4
75
Dorsiflexion spinal nerves
L4 5
76
Knee flexion spinal nerves
L5 S1
77
Hilton's law
a nerve that innervates the joint also tends to innervate the muscles that move the joint
78
Medial meniscus
semicircular peripheral margin adhered to the deep part of the MCL less mobile than the lateral meniscus - more susceptible to injury
79
Lateral meniscus
almost circular separated from the LCL by the tendon of the popliteus muscle and the capsule more mobile than medial meniscus, less suceptible to injury
80
Meniscus fibrocartilage
poor blood supply, limited healing aids in stability of knee joint helps with load distribution and weight bearing called labrum in the shoulder

MSK Anatomy (4 decks)

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