Hip/Thigh Flashcards
transverse acetabular ligament
inferior acetabulum notch, ligament bridges inferior labrum
neck and shaft angle of the femur
normal 125
NSA can be higher or lower
children start with a greater angle and it decreases with development
ligamentum teres
function: bridge for obturator artery to head of the femur at the fovea
blood supply of the hip
medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries
extracapsular arteries
femoral neck fractures can disrupt blood supply and lead to avascular necrosis of the femoral head
capsular ligaments of the acetabulum
iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral
fibers orient in a spiral so they tighten in extension, limiting motion
open pack position of hip
flexion, abduction, slight ER
flex and abduct to about 30 degrees each
iliofemoral ligament
prevent hyperextension and limit ER
pubofemoral ligament
limit hyperextension and abduction
ischiofemoral ligament
limit hyperextension and IR
Innervation of the thigh compartments
posterior: sciatic nerve
anterior: femoral nerve
medial: obturator nerve
femoral triangle
femoral nerve, artery, vein, and lymphatic vessels pass through
NAVEL
formed by inguinal ligament, sartorius, adductor longus
iliopsoas
formed by two muscles, psoas major and iliacus
psoas major
origin: T12-L5 intervertebral discs
insertion: lesser trochanter
innervation: L1-L3 spinal nerves
action: flex thigh and trunk
iliacus
origin: iliac fossa
insertion: lesser trochanter
innervation: femoral n
action: flex thigh and trunk
psoas syndrome
pulling of psoas muscle on lumbar spine, increasing lordosis
cause low back pain in upright posture standing
sartorius
origin: ASIS
insertion: pes anserinus
innervation: femoral n
action: flex thigh and leg
rectus femoris
origin: AIIS
insertion: quad tendon
innervation: femoral n
action: flex thigh and extend leg
vastus lateralis
origin: greater trochanter
insertion: quad tendon
innervation: femoral n
action: extend leg
vastus medialis
origin: intertrochanteric line and linea aspera
insertion: quad tendon
innervation: femoral n
action: extend leg
vastus intermedius
origin: intertrochanteric line of femur, superior, anterior surface of femur
insertion: quad tendon
innervation: femoral n
action: extend leg
vascular supply of posterior thigh
perforating arteries of profunda femoris
biceps femoris
origin: long head: ischial tuberosity; short head: linea aspera
insertion: lateral tibia and head of fibula
innervation: long, tibial n, short common fibular n
action: extend hip, flex knee
semitendinosus and semimembranosus
origin: ischial tuberosity
insertion: semi T, pes anserinus; semi M medial condyle of tibia
innervation: tibial n
action: extend hip and knee flex
vascular supply of medial thigh compartment
obturator artery and perforating branches of profunda femoris
