Hip/Thigh

Question 1

transverse acetabular ligament

Answer 1

inferior acetabulum notch, ligament bridges inferior labrum

Question 2

neck and shaft angle of the femur

Answer 2

normal 125
NSA can be higher or lower
children start with a greater angle and it decreases with development

Question 3

ligamentum teres

Answer 3

function: bridge for obturator artery to head of the femur at the fovea

Question 4

blood supply of the hip

Answer 4

medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries
extracapsular arteries
femoral neck fractures can disrupt blood supply and lead to avascular necrosis of the femoral head

Question 5

capsular ligaments of the acetabulum

Answer 5

iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral
fibers orient in a spiral so they tighten in extension, limiting motion

Question 6

open pack position of hip

Answer 6

flexion, abduction, slight ER
flex and abduct to about 30 degrees each

Question 7

iliofemoral ligament

Answer 7

prevent hyperextension and limit ER

Question 8

pubofemoral ligament

Answer 8

limit hyperextension and abduction

Question 9

ischiofemoral ligament

Answer 9

limit hyperextension and IR

Question 10

Innervation of the thigh compartments

Answer 10

posterior: sciatic nerve
anterior: femoral nerve
medial: obturator nerve

Question 11

femoral triangle

Answer 11

femoral nerve, artery, vein, and lymphatic vessels pass through
NAVEL
formed by inguinal ligament, sartorius, adductor longus

Question 12

iliopsoas

Answer 12

formed by two muscles, psoas major and iliacus

Question 13

psoas major

Answer 13

origin: T12-L5 intervertebral discs
insertion: lesser trochanter
innervation: L1-L3 spinal nerves
action: flex thigh and trunk

Question 14

iliacus

Answer 14

origin: iliac fossa
insertion: lesser trochanter
innervation: femoral n
action: flex thigh and trunk

Question 15

psoas syndrome

Answer 15

pulling of psoas muscle on lumbar spine, increasing lordosis
cause low back pain in upright posture standing

Question 16

sartorius

Answer 16

origin: ASIS
insertion: pes anserinus
innervation: femoral n
action: flex thigh and leg

Question 17

rectus femoris

Answer 17

origin: AIIS
insertion: quad tendon
innervation: femoral n
action: flex thigh and extend leg

Question 18

vastus lateralis

Answer 18

origin: greater trochanter
insertion: quad tendon
innervation: femoral n
action: extend leg

Question 19

vastus medialis

Answer 19

origin: intertrochanteric line and linea aspera
insertion: quad tendon
innervation: femoral n
action: extend leg

Question 20

vastus intermedius

Answer 20

origin: intertrochanteric line of femur, superior, anterior surface of femur
insertion: quad tendon
innervation: femoral n
action: extend leg

Question 21

vascular supply of posterior thigh

Answer 21

perforating arteries of profunda femoris

Question 22

biceps femoris

Answer 22

origin: long head: ischial tuberosity; short head: linea aspera
insertion: lateral tibia and head of fibula
innervation: long, tibial n, short common fibular n
action: extend hip, flex knee

Question 23

semitendinosus and semimembranosus

Answer 23

origin: ischial tuberosity
insertion: semi T, pes anserinus; semi M medial condyle of tibia
innervation: tibial n
action: extend hip and knee flex

Question 24

vascular supply of medial thigh compartment

Answer 24

obturator artery and perforating branches of profunda femoris

Question 25

adductor longus

Answer 25

origin: pubis, close to symphysis
insertion: linea aspera
innervation: obturator n
action: thigh adduction, hip IR

Question 26

adductor brevis

Answer 26

origin: inferior pubic ramus, close to symphysis
insertion: upper linea aspera
innervation: obturator n
action: adduct thigh

Question 27

adductor magnus

Answer 27

origin: inferior ramus of pubis, ischium, and ischial tuberosity
insertion: linea aspera and supracondylar line
innervation: obturator n and branches of sciatic
action: adduct thigh

Question 28

gracilis

Answer 28

origin: inferior pubic ramus
insertion: pes anserinus
innervation: obturator n
action: adduct thigh, flex leg

Question 29

pectineus

Answer 29

origin: superior ramus of pubis
insertion: pectineal line of femur
innervation: femoral n (bc close to femoral n)
action: adduct and flex hip
*shares innervation and action of the anterior thigh compartment

Question 30

Pes anserinus

Answer 30

3 muscles - semitendinosus, gracilis, sartorius