Hip & Pelvis Anomalies & Variants Flashcards
What are phleboliths?
Calcified venous thrombi
What is the clinical significance of phleboliths?
None
How are phleboliths differentiated from kidney stones?
- kidney stones = above ischial spine + painful
- phleboliths = below ischial spine + low pain
What are paraglenoid sulci?
Notches next to SI joints that occur primarily in females (rare)
What is developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)?
ranges from shallow acetabulum to fully dislocating
What is Putti’s Triad?
Used to determine DDH:
- shallow acetabulum
- small femoral head
- lateral displacement of femur
What orthopedic tests are used to test for DDH in infants?
Ortolani & Barlow
What is the clinical significance of DDH?
concern for AVN & premature hip DJD
(management is conservative to operative)
What pathologic gait may a patient with DDH present with?
Trendelenburg gait
What is coxa vara?
femoral neck shaft angle = <120 degrees
(lowercase “r”)
What is coxa valga?
femoral neck shaft angle = >130 degrees
(lowercase “l”)
What is the term for the Y-shaped epiphyseal plate at junction of ilium, ischium, and pubis in the immature skeleton?
Triradiate cartilage
What is Fong syndrome?
Isolated finding of iliac horns found on posterior
What diagnosis is associated with Fong syndrome?
Nail-Patella syndrome
(abnormal finger/toenails + hypoplastic laterally displaced patella)
What is an ischial apophysis?
curved secondary apophysis of the ischial tuberosity, seen between 12-16 yrs
What is an iliac apophysis?
secondary ossification center along wing of ilium
What is Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome (FAI)?
abnormal shape of FA joint resulting in mechanical impingement + pain
How is FAI diagnosed?
clinical Dx (shape + Sx)
NOT Dx with imaging
What are the types of FAI?
Cam
Pincer
(can also have mixed)
What is Cam type FAI?
oblong protrusion on femoral neck
What is Pincer type FAI?
deep acetabular socket
What is an Os Acetabuli?
accessory ossicle of acetabular margin, with smooth, well-rounded, corticated margins (not a Fx)
What is the clinical significance of an Os acetabuli?
not clinically significant (can be asymptomatic -> FAI)
What is another name for Femoral Herniation Pits?
Pitt Pits
What are Femoral herniation pits?
cyst-like lesions;
another clue to labral problems secondary to FAI
What is Ward triangle?
radiolucent area between trabecular patterns in the femur
What are the 3 trabecular patterns in the femur?
- principle compressive
- secondary compressive
- primary tensile
What is the diagnosis?
Phleboliths
What is the diagnosis?
Paraglenoid sulci
What is the diagnosis?
DDH
What is the diagnosis?
Coxa vara
What is the diagnosis?
DDH
What is the diagnosis?
Coxa valga
What is the diagnosis?
Fong syndrome
Assuming this patient is symptomatic, what is the diagnosis?
FAI Cam type
Assuming this patient is symptomatic, what is the diagnosis?
FAI Pincer type
What is the diagnosis?
Os acetabuli
What is the diagnosis?
Os acetabuli
Name 2 diagnoses.
Femoral neck Fx
Pitt pits
What is the diagnosis?
Pitt pits
