Hip, Knee and Ankle assessments Flashcards
What is the process for Hip assessment, and talk about each individual stage?
Observation
– Bruising
– Swelling
– Muscle bulk
Touch
– Hot - Acute inflammatory response
– Cold - Problem with circulation or sympathetic nervous system
– Sweaty - Decreased blood supply or sympathetic nervous system
– Dry - Steroid use or sympathetic nervous system
Active
– Looking for Range of motion
– Looking for Pain
– Looking for Quality of contraction
– Flexion
– Extension (with knee extended and flexed)
– Abduction
– Adduction
– Internal rotation (2 positions)
– External rotation (2 positions)
Overpressure
– Same as active
– Looking for end feel (want it to be springy)
Passive
– Same as Active
– Looking for Laxity
– Looking for Pain
– Looking for end feel (want it to feel springy)
Accessory Movements
– Does it provoke pain
– Quality of movement
– Range of movement
- The joints:
– Coxal Joint
— Caudad
—Cephlad
— AP
— PA
— Lateral distraction
Muscle tests
– Looking for strength
– Compensating
– Looking for pain
– Looking for control
– Rectus Femoris
– Ilipsoas
– Adductor brevis
– Adductor longus
– Adductor magnus
– Glute med/min
– Glute Max
– Tensor fascia lata (TFL)
– Hamstring as a group
– Hamstrings - straight leg
– Bicep Femoris
– Semimembranosus/Semitendinosus
Ligament tests
– Looking for pain
– Looking for laxity
–
Neurological tests
– SLR
– Slump
– Femoral Slump
Special Tests
– Quadrant test
– Ober test
– FABER test
– FADIR test
– Squeeze test
– Modified Thomas test
– Seated piriformis test
– Trendelenburg sign
– Resisted sit up
Palpation
Joints above and below
Functional Movement
What is the process for Knee assessment, and talk about each individual stage?
Observation
– Bruising
– Swelling
– Muscle bulk
Touch
– Hot - Acute inflammatory response
– Cold - Problem with circulation or sympathetic nervous system
– Sweaty - Decreased blood supply or sympathetic nervous system
– Dry - Steroid use or sympathetic nervous system
Active
– Looking for Range of motion
– Looking for Pain
– Looking for Quality of contraction
– Knee Flexion
– Knee extension
Overpressure
– Same as active
– Looking for end feel (want it to be springy)
Passive
– Same as Active
– Looking for Laxity
– Looking for Pain
– Looking for end feel (want it to feel springy)
Accessory Movements
– Does it provoke pain
– Quality of movement
– Range of movement
–
- The joints:
– Tibiofemoral
— AP
— PA
— Caudad
— Cephlad
— Medial Movement
— Lateral Movement
– Superior tib/fib joints:
— AP
— PA
— Compression
— Caudad
— Cephlad
—
– Patellofemoral joint:
— Caudad
— Cephlad
— Medial Movement
— Lateral Movement
— Compression
Muscle tests
– Looking for strength
– Compensating
– Looking for pain
– Looking for control
– Quads as a group
– Vastus Medialis
– Tensor Fascia Lata (TFL)
– Rectus femoris
– Hamstrings as a group
– Bicep Femoris
– Semimembranosus
– Semitendinosus
– Popliteus
– Gastrocnemius
Ligament tests
– Looking for pain
– Looking for laxity
– Anterior cruciate ligament
– Posterior cruciate ligament
– Medial cruciate ligament
– Lateral cruciate ligament
Neurological tests
– SLR
– Femoral slump
– Slump
Special Tests
– Apley’s Grind
– McMurray’s
– Thessaly’s
– Lachman’s
– Lever sign
– Thomas test
– Ober’s
– Sag sign
– Sweep test
Palpation
Joints above and below
Functional Movement
What is the process for ankle assessment, and talk about each individual stage?
Observation
– Bruising
– Swelling
– Muscle bulk
Touch
– Hot - Acute inflammatory response
– Cold - Problem with circulation or sympathetic nervous system
– Sweaty - Decreased blood supply or sympathetic nervous system
– Dry - Steroid use or sympathetic nervous system
Active
– Looking for Range of motion
– Looking for Pain
– Looking for Quality of contraction
– Dorsi Flexion
– Dorsi Inversion
– Dorsi Eversion
– Plantar flexion
– Plantar Inversion
– Plantar Eversion
Overpressure
– Same as active
– Looking for end feel (want it to be springy)
Passive
– Same as Active
– Looking for Laxity
– Looking for Pain
– Looking for end feel (want it to feel springy)
Accessory Movements
– Does it provoke pain
– Quality of movement
– Range of movement
- The joints:
– Inferior Tib/Fib joint
— AP
— PA
— Caudad
— Cephlad
— Compression
– Subtalar joint
— AP
— PA
— Lat/Med rotation
–Talocrural joint
— AP
— PA
— Caudad
— Cephlad
— Lat/Med rotation
Muscle tests
– Looking for strength
– Compensating
– Looking for pain
– Looking for control
– Gastrocnemius (medial/lateral belly)
– Soleus
– Plantaris
– Tibialis anterior (TOM)
– Tibialis posterior (TOM)
– Extensor/Flexor digitorum longus (DICK)
– Extensor/Flexor hallucis longus (HARRY)
– Peroneals (Longus, Brevis, Tertius)
Ligament tests
– Looking for pain
– Looking for laxity
– Anterior Talo-fibular ligament (ATFL)
– Calcaneo-fibular ligament (CFL)
– Posterior Talo-fibular ligament (PTFL)
– Deltoid Ligament
Neurological tests
– Looking for reflexes
- Neural tension tests -
– SLR
– Slump
Special Tests
– Anterior Draw
– Kleigers
– Calf endurance
– Proprioception
– Thompsons
– Ottawa
– Knee to wall
Palpation
Joints above and below
Functional Movement
