General Lower Limb (Muscles, Origins, Insertions, Ligaments, ...)

Question 1

Rectus Femoris

Answer 1

Muscle group - Quadriceps
Origin - Anterior Inferior Illiac Spine (AIIS)
Insertion - Tibial Tuberosity

Question 2

What is the grading system for BAMIC?

Answer 2

Graded from 0-4 -
- 0 means muscles soreness (e.g., DOMS)
- 4 A complete tear to the muscle or tendon

Additional classification -
- a - Myofascial injury
- b - Muscle tendon junction injury (MTJ)
- c - Extends to the tendon

Additional description -
- Proximal third
- Central third
- Distal third

Question 3

Vastus Lateralis

Answer 3

Muscle group -Quadriceps
Origin - Greater Trochanter
Insertion - Tibial Tuberosity

Question 4

Vastus Intermedialis

Answer 4

Muscle group - Quadriceps
Origin - Anterolateral Femur
Insertion - Tibial Tuberosity

Question 5

Vastus Medialis

Answer 5

Muscle group - Quadriceps
Origin - Anteromedial Femur
Insertion - Tibial Tuberosity

Question 6

Popliteus

Answer 6

Origin - Lateral femoral condyle
Insertion - posterior tibia

Question 7

Gastrocnemius

Answer 7

Lateral belly -
Origin - lateral femoral condyle
Insertion - calcaneus

medial belly -
Origin - medial femoral condyle
Insertion - calcaneus

Question 8

Semitendinosus

Answer 8

Muscle group - Hamstring
Origin - ischial tuberosity
Insertion - pes anserine

Question 9

Semimembranosus

Answer 9

Muscle group - Hamstring
Origin - ischial tuberosity
Insertion - medial epicondyle (tibia)

Question 10

Bicep Femoris (short head)

Answer 10

Muscle group - Hamstring
Origin - linea aspera
Insertion - head of fibula

Question 11

Bicep Femoris (long head)

Answer 11

Muscle group - Hamstring
Origin - ischial tuberosity
Insertion - head of fibula

Question 12

Adductor Magnus

Answer 12

Muscle group - Hip Adductors
Origin - Pubis/Ischial tuberosity
Insertion - Adductor tubercle

Question 13

Adductor Longus

Answer 13

Muscle group - Hip Adductors
Origin - Pubis
Insertion - Linea aspera

Question 14

Adductor Brevis

Answer 14

Muscle group - Hip Adductors
Origin - Pubis
Insertion - Linea aspera

Question 15

Gracilis

Answer 15

Muscle group - Hip Adductors
Origin - Pubis
Insertion - Pes anserine

Question 16

Sartorius

Answer 16

Muscle group - Hip Adductors
Origin - Anterior Superior Illiac Spine (ASIS)
Insertion - Pes anserine

Question 17

Psoas Major

Answer 17

Muscle group - Hip Flexors
Origin - Transverse process T12-L5
Insertion - Lesser trochanter

Question 18

Iliacus

Answer 18

Muscle group - Hip Flexors
Origin - Upper 2/3 of illiac fossa
Insertion - Lesser trochanter

Question 19

Glute Max

Answer 19

Muscle group - Gluteals
Origin - Posterior ilium/Sacrum
Insertion - Gluteal tuberosity

Question 20

Glute Med/Min

Answer 20

Muscle group - Gluteals
Origin - Posterior ilium
Insertion - Greater trochanter

Question 21

Piriformis

Answer 21

Origin - Sacrum
Insertion - Greater trochanter

Question 22

Tensor Fascia Lata (TFL)

Answer 22

Origin - Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
Insertion - Iliotibial tract

Question 23

Soleus

Answer 23

Origin - Upper posterior tibia and fibula
Insertion - Calcaneus (via the achilles)

Question 24

Plantaris

Answer 24

Origin - Lateral femoral condyle
Insertion - Medial side of calcaneus (not via achilles tendon)

Question 25

Tibialis posterior

Answer 25

Origin - - Lateral Posterior tibia - Upper 1/2 of fibula Insertion - -Navicular, cuboid, cuneiforms (medial, intermedial, and lateral) - 2nd, 3rd and 4th metatarsals (plantar surface) - Calcaneus (plantar surface)

Question 26

Tibialis anterior

Answer 26

Origin - Upper of lateral tibia Insertion - - Medial Cuneiform - Base of Metatarsal of great toe

Question 27

Peroneus longus

Answer 27

Muscle - - Peroneals Origin - - Upper 2/3 of lateral fibula Insertion - - Medial Cuneiform - Base of metatarsal of great toe

Question 28

Peroneus brevis

Answer 28

Muscle - Peroneals Origin - Lower 2/3 of lateral fibula Insertion - Base of 5th metatarsal

Question 29

Peroneus tertius

Answer 29

Muscle - Peroneals Origin - Distal anterior fibula Insertion -Base of 5th metatarsal (dorsal surface)

Question 30

Extensor digitorum longus

Answer 30

Origin - - Upper 2/3 of anterior fibula - Lateral tibial condyle Insertion - - Middle and distal phalange of 2nd-5th toes (dorsal surface)

Question 31

Extensor hallucis longus

Answer 31

Origin - Mid 1/2 of anterior fibula Insertion - Distal phalange of the great toe (dorsal surface)

Question 32

Flexor digitorum longus

Answer 32

Origin - - Medial posterior tibia Insertion - - Distal phalange of the 2nd-5th toes (plantar surface)

Question 33

Flexor hallucis longus

Answer 33

Origin - Lower 2/3 of posterior fibula Insertion - Distal phalange of the great toe (plantar surface)

Question 34

What are the ligaments of the foot?

Answer 34

- Anterior Talo-fibular ligament (ATFL) - Anterior Inferior tibiofibular joint (AITFL) - Calcaneo-fibular ligament (CFL) - Posterior Talo-fibular ligament (PTFL) - Deltoid Ligament - Calcanea cuboid ligament

Question 35

Name all of the muscles in the foot?

Answer 35

- Gastrocnemius (medial/lateral belly) - Soleus - Plantaris - Tibialis anterior (TOM) - Tibialis posterior (TOM) - Extensor/Flexor digitorum longus (DICK) - Extensor/Flexor hallucis longus (HARRY) - Peroneals (Longus, Brevis, Tertius)

Question 36

Name all the quadricep muscles?

Answer 36

Rectus Femoris Vastus Medialis Vastus Intermedialis Vastus Lateralis

Question 37

Name all the Hamstring muscles

Answer 37

Bicep Femoris (long and short head) Semimembranosus Semitendinosus

Question 38

Name all the Hip Flexor?

Answer 38

Psoas Iliacus Tensor fascia lata (TFL) Adductor Longus Rectus Femoris

Question 39

What are all the Hip abductors?

Answer 39

Glute med/min Tensor fascia latae (TFL)

Question 40

What are all the Hip adductors?

Answer 40

Adductor Magnus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Gracilis Sartorius

Question 41

Name all 9 special tests for the knee:

Answer 41

Apleys grind McMurrays Thessalys Lever sign Sag sign Sweep test Obers test Thomas test Lachmans

Question 42

Name all the components in the knee:

Answer 42

MCL LCL ACL PCL Lateral/Medial Meniscus Fat Pad Patella/Patella Tendon