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Bristol Rovers Revision > General Lower Limb (Muscles, Origins, Insertions, Ligaments, ...) > Flashcards

General Lower Limb (Muscles, Origins, Insertions, Ligaments, ...) Flashcards

Muscles of the hip, knee, ankle and foot With mentions of BAMIC

1
Q

What does BAMIC stand for?

A

British Athletic Muscle Injury Classification

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2
Q

Rectus Femoris

A

Muscle group - Quadriceps
Origin - Anterior Inferior Illiac Spine (AIIS)
Insertion - Tibial Tuberosity

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3
Q

What is the grading system for BAMIC?

A

Graded from 0-4 -
- 0 means muscles soreness (e.g., DOMS)
- 4 A complete tear to the muscle or tendon

Additional classification -
- a - Myofascial injury
- b - Muscle tendon junction injury (MTJ)
- c - Extends to the tendon

Additional description -
- Proximal third
- Central third
- Distal third

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4
Q

Vastus Lateralis

A

Muscle group -Quadriceps
Origin - Greater Trochanter
Insertion - Tibial Tuberosity

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5
Q

Vastus Intermedialis

A

Muscle group - Quadriceps
Origin - Anterolateral Femur
Insertion - Tibial Tuberosity

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6
Q

Vastus Medialis

A

Muscle group - Quadriceps
Origin - Anteromedial Femur
Insertion - Tibial Tuberosity

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7
Q

Popliteus

A

Origin - Lateral femoral condyle
Insertion - posterior tibia

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8
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Lateral belly -
Origin - lateral femoral condyle
Insertion - calcaneus

medial belly -
Origin - medial femoral condyle
Insertion - calcaneus

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9
Q

Semitendinosus

A

Muscle group - Hamstring
Origin - ischial tuberosity
Insertion - pes anserine

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10
Q

Semimembranosus

A

Muscle group - Hamstring
Origin - ischial tuberosity
Insertion - medial epicondyle (tibia)

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11
Q

Bicep Femoris (short head)

A

Muscle group - Hamstring
Origin - linea aspera
Insertion - head of fibula

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12
Q

Bicep Femoris (long head)

A

Muscle group - Hamstring
Origin - ischial tuberosity
Insertion - head of fibula

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13
Q

Adductor Magnus

A

Muscle group - Hip Adductors
Origin - Pubis/Ischial tuberosity
Insertion - Adductor tubercle

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14
Q

Adductor Longus

A

Muscle group - Hip Adductors
Origin - Pubis
Insertion - Linea aspera

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15
Q

Adductor Brevis

A

Muscle group - Hip Adductors
Origin - Pubis
Insertion - Linea aspera

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16
Q

Gracilis

A

Muscle group - Hip Adductors
Origin - Pubis
Insertion - Pes anserine

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17
Q

Sartorius

A

Muscle group - Hip Adductors
Origin - Anterior Superior Illiac Spine (ASIS)
Insertion - Pes anserine

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18
Q

Psoas Major

A

Muscle group - Hip Flexors
Origin - Transverse process T12-L5
Insertion - Lesser trochanter

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19
Q

Iliacus

A

Muscle group - Hip Flexors
Origin - Upper 2/3 of illiac fossa
Insertion - Lesser trochanter

20
Q

Glute Max

A

Muscle group - Gluteals
Origin - Posterior ilium/Sacrum
Insertion - Gluteal tuberosity

21
Q

Glute Med/Min

A

Muscle group - Gluteals
Origin - Posterior ilium
Insertion - Greater trochanter

22
Q

Piriformis

A

Origin - Sacrum
Insertion - Greater trochanter

23
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata (TFL)

A

Origin - Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
Insertion - Iliotibial tract

24
Q

Soleus

A

Origin - Upper posterior tibia and fibula
Insertion - Calcaneus (via the achilles)

25
Q

Plantaris

A

Origin - Lateral femoral condyle
Insertion - Medial side of calcaneus (not via achilles tendon)

26
Q

Tibialis posterior

A

Origin -
- Lateral Posterior tibia
- Upper 1/2 of fibula
Insertion -
-Navicular, cuboid, cuneiforms (medial, intermedial, and lateral)
- 2nd, 3rd and 4th metatarsals (plantar surface)
- Calcaneus (plantar surface)

27
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Origin - Upper of lateral tibia
Insertion -
- Medial Cuneiform
- Base of Metatarsal of great toe

28
Q

Peroneus longus

A

Muscle -
- Peroneals
Origin -
- Upper 2/3 of lateral fibula
Insertion -
- Medial Cuneiform
- Base of metatarsal of great toe

29
Q

Peroneus brevis

A

Muscle - Peroneals
Origin - Lower 2/3 of lateral fibula
Insertion - Base of 5th metatarsal

30
Q

Peroneus tertius

A

Muscle - Peroneals
Origin - Distal anterior fibula
Insertion -Base of 5th metatarsal (dorsal surface)

31
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

A

Origin -
- Upper 2/3 of anterior fibula
- Lateral tibial condyle
Insertion -
- Middle and distal phalange of 2nd-5th toes (dorsal surface)

32
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

A

Origin - Mid 1/2 of anterior fibula
Insertion - Distal phalange of the great toe (dorsal surface)

33
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

A

Origin -
- Medial posterior tibia
Insertion -
- Distal phalange of the 2nd-5th toes (plantar surface)

34
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

A

Origin - Lower 2/3 of posterior fibula
Insertion - Distal phalange of the great toe (plantar surface)

35
Q

What are the ligaments of the foot?

A
  • Anterior Talo-fibular ligament (ATFL)
  • Anterior Inferior tibiofibular joint (AITFL)
  • Calcaneo-fibular ligament (CFL)
  • Posterior Talo-fibular ligament (PTFL)
  • Deltoid Ligament
  • Calcanea cuboid ligament
36
Q

Name all of the muscles in the foot?

A
  • Gastrocnemius (medial/lateral belly)
  • Soleus
  • Plantaris
  • Tibialis anterior (TOM)
  • Tibialis posterior (TOM)
  • Extensor/Flexor digitorum longus (DICK)
  • Extensor/Flexor hallucis longus (HARRY)
  • Peroneals (Longus, Brevis, Tertius)
37
Q

Name all the quadricep muscles?

A

Rectus Femoris
Vastus Medialis
Vastus Intermedialis
Vastus Lateralis

38
Q

Name all the Hamstring muscles

A

Bicep Femoris (long and short head)
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus

39
Q

Name all the Hip Flexor?

A

Psoas
Iliacus
Tensor fascia lata (TFL)
Adductor Longus

40
Q

What are all the Hip abductors?

A

Glute med/min
Tensor fascia latae (TFL)

41
Q

What are all the Hip adductors?

A

Adductor Magnus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Longus
Gracilis
Sartorius

42
Q

What is syndesmoses?

A

A rupture of the AITFL

43
Q

What can happen if someone has forced ankle eversion

A

rupture of deltoid ligaments, AITFL rupture and distal fibula break

44
Q

What is spondylithesis?

A

A forward slip of the vertebrae, found mainly in the Lx section of the spine

45
Q

Name all the special test for the knee:

A

Apleys grind
McMurrays
Thessalys
Lever sign
Sag sign
Sweep test
Obers test
Thomas test
Lachmans

46
Q

What are the 4 types of medial gastrocnemius?

A

Type 1 – myoaponeurotic injury without aponeurotic defect

Type 2 – myoaponeurotic injury with aponeurotic defect (two grades, measured in ultrasound in transversal plane, 2A is < 50% broke, 2B is > 50% broken)

Type 3 – Medial gastroc free aponeurosis injury – considered to be a tendon injury due to the way it attaches to the muscle

Type 4 – mixed injury – mixture between type 2B and type 3

Bristol Rovers Revision (5 decks)

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