hip joints [and tendons]

Question 1

anteriorly

Answer 1

two pelvic bones join to form symphysis pubis, amphiarthrodial

Question 2

posteriorly

Answer 2

sacrum is between the 2 pelvic bones and forms the sacroiliac joints

Question 3

pelvic bones

Answer 3

ilium [upper, largest], ischium, lower back [sit bones], pubis [lower front, smallest]

Question 4

sacroiliac joints [posteriorly]

Answer 4

strong ligaments unite these bones to form rigid, slightly movable joints

Question 5

walking

Answer 5

minimal oscillating-type movements occur in sacroiliac joints, hip flexion and extension occur with pelvic girdle rotation, forward in hip flexion and backward in hip extension

Question 6

jogging

Answer 6

faster movements and greater range of movement, pelvic rotation increases the length of stride in running; in kicking it results in a greater distance or more speed to the kick

Question 7

body movements

Answer 7

usually involve entire pelvic girdle and hip joints

Question 8

acetabulofemoral joint

Answer 8

most mobile joints of body (except glenohumeral)
multiaxial arrangement
bony architecture provides stability, relatively few hip joint subluxations & dislocations, enarthrodial-type joint , femoral head inserting into acetabulum
reinforced by extremely strong and dense ligamentous capsule, especially anteriorly

Question 9

Iliofemoral or Y ligament

Answer 9

y shaped, has split, located anteriorly, prevents hyperextension
very strong
helps with extension, and helps prevent over outward rotation

Question 10

pubofemoral ligament

Answer 10

located anteromedially and inferiorly
helps with adduction
helps with preventing excessive extension
helps with preventing excessive abduction

Question 11

teres ligament

Answer 11

attaches from deep in acetabulum to a depression in femoral head, slightly limits adduction

Question 12

acetabular labrum

Answer 12

acetabulum is lined around most of its periphery with a labrum to enhance stability and provide some shock absorption, can be torn from a variety of injuries

Question 13

ischiofemoral ligament

Answer 13

located posteriorly, extends from ischium to trochanteric fossa of femur, limits internal rotation

Question 14

3 main hip ligaments

Answer 14

iliofemoral ligament, pubofemoral ligament, ischiofemoral ligament

Question 15

hip flexion

Answer 15

0-130 degrees, higher with bent knee [hamstrings not involved]

Question 16

hip extension

Answer 16

0-30 degrees

Question 17

hip abduction

Answer 17

0-35 degrees

Question 18

hip adduction

Answer 18

0-30 degrees

Question 19

internal rotation at hip

Answer 19

0-45 degrees

Question 20

external rotation at hip

Answer 20

0-50 degrees