Hip Joint Flashcards
Describe the vascular supply to the head of femur
Minor, insufficient supply from artery to head of femur within ligament of head of femur.
Retinacular arteries branching from medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries (intracapsular)
Why is the head of femur prone to avascular necrosis in cases of intracapsular fractures of the neck of femur?
Minor, insufficient supply from artery to head of femur within ligament of head of femur.
Retinacular arteries branching from medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries (intracapsular) disrupted.
What is the acetabulum?
Articulating depression in the hip. Composed of converging ilium, ischium and pubis (separated by triradiate cartilage up to 25 years)
Name the 3 ligaments of the hip joint
Iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament?
Prevents hyperextension of hip
What is the function of the pubofemoral ligament?
Prevents excessive hip abduction
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament?
Limits hip extension
Which muscles perform hip Flexion?
Anterior thigh muscles (iliopsoas, sartorius, pectineus and rectus femoris)
Which muscles perform hip extension?
Posterior thigh muscles “hamstrings”(Biceps femoris, Semimembranosus and Semitendinosus)
and gluteus maximus
Which muscles perform hip abduction?
Superficial and deep Gluteals
Except gluteus maximus
Which muscles perform hip adduction?
Medial thigh muscles (adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, gracilis and obturator externus)
And pectineus
Which muscles perform external rotation at the hip?
Anterior thigh muscles (except pectineus)
Iliopsoas and sartorius
Which muscles perform internal rotation at the hip?
Medial thigh muscles (except obturator externus)
(3 adductors and gracilis)
And pectineus
