Hip Joint Flashcards
What type of joint is the hip joint?
Ball-and-socket joint
What is the primary function of the hip joint?
Stability needed for a weight-bearing joint
What is the acetabular labrum?
A strong ring of fibrocartilage that connects to the edge of the acetabulum
What does the acetabular labrum do?
Gives the socket greater depth and helps hold the head of the femur in the socket
Name three ligaments that support the hip joint.
- Ischiofemoral ligament
- Iliofemoral ligament
- Pubofemoral ligament
What is the role of the ligament of the head of the femur?
Joins the head of the femur to the acetabulum
What is a bursa?
A fluid-filled sac that prevents friction and allows easy movement of joints.
Bursae are found in various joints throughout the body.
What is the function of the ischial bursa?
Prevents friction between the gluteus maximus muscle and the ischial tuberosity.
The ischial bursa helps facilitate movement in the hip area.
What does the iliopectineal bursa separate?
The anterior hip joint capsule from the iliopsoas muscle.
This separation helps reduce friction during hip movements.
What is the role of the trochanteric bursa?
Prevents friction between the greater trochanter and the gluteus maximus muscle.
This bursa is important for smooth hip joint function.
How many bursae are mentioned in relation to the hip joint?
Several bursae.
Specific bursae include the ischial bursa, iliopectineal bursa, and trochanteric bursa.
What is the definition of congruency in the context of joints?
The concept of ‘fitting well together’
This refers to how well the surfaces of a joint align and interact with each other.
How does the femoral head relate to the acetabulum when standing erect?
The femoral head is not completely covered by the acetabulum; the anterosuperior aspect is exposed.
What type of joint is the hip?
Ball and socket joint.
What does incongruity imply regarding the hip joint surfaces?
Limited contact between the two surfaces, especially under low loading conditions.
What happens to the area of contact between the hip joint surfaces with increasing load?
The area of contact gradually increases.
Fill in the blank: Although the articular surfaces are curved, the hip joint consists of two slightly _______ shapes.
incongruent
What determines the congruity of the hip joint?
The congruity of the hip joint is determined by an arched acetabulum and a rounded femoral head which generally speaking ‘fit well’
This refers to the anatomical structure and relationship between the acetabulum and femoral head.
How can the coincidence of the articular surfaces be achieved in the hip joint?
By flexing the hip to 90 degrees, abducting by 5 degrees, and laterally rotating by 10 degrees
This position maximizes the contact area between the articular surfaces.
What is the open pack position in joints?
The open pack position is the position of most stability/congruency for all joints
It refers to a position where the joint surfaces are not maximally compressed, allowing for slight movement.
What occurs in the position where optimal articular contact happens?
Optimal articular contact occurs in the open pack position
This position allows for maximum stability and minimizes the risk of injury.
What is the relationship between the femur and the pelvis in terms of congruency?
The superior surface of the head of the femur and that of the acetabulum generally sustain the greatest pressures.
Where is the articular cartilage thicker in the hip joint?
In the regions of the femoral head and acetabulum that sustain the greatest pressures.
Under what condition does the anteromedial region of the acetabulum become involved in weight-bearing?
When the hip joints are in extreme flexion, such as during squatting.
True or False: The anteromedial region of the acetabulum is always involved in weight-bearing.
False
Fill in the blank: The articular cartilage is thicker in regions that sustain the greatest _______.
pressures
What part of the femoral head articulates with the inferior part of the acetabulum during extreme flexion?
The anteromedial region of the acetabulum.
What is one of the main activities that causes a loss of hip joint congruency?
Walking, running etc.
What does the loss of congruency in the hip joint potentially affect?
Its stability.
In which directions does the acetabulum of the pelvis face?
Laterally, anteriorly, and inferiorly.
In which directions does the femoral neck face?
Medially, anteriorly, and superiorly.
What is the angle between the acetabulum and the femoral neck?
30 to 40°.
Fill in the blank: The anterior part of the femoral head articulates with the _______.
joint capsule.
True or False: The acetabulum and femoral neck align perfectly during all activities.
False.
What is the consequence of the angle between the acetabulum and femoral neck?
It affects the congruency of the hip joint.
What is one of the main activities that causes a loss of hip joint congruency?
Walking, running etc.
What does the loss of congruency in the hip joint potentially affect?
Its stability.
In which directions does the acetabulum of the pelvis face?
Laterally, anteriorly, and inferiorly.
In which directions does the femoral neck face?
Medially, anteriorly, and superiorly.
What is the angle between the acetabulum and the femoral neck?
30 to 40°.
Fill in the blank: The anterior part of the femoral head articulates with the _______.
joint capsule.
True or False: The acetabulum and femoral neck align perfectly during all activities.
False.
What is the consequence of the angle between the acetabulum and femoral neck?
It affects the congruency of the hip joint.
