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General Orthopedics > Hip Joint > Flashcards

Hip Joint Flashcards

1
Q

Hip joint pain location

A

Anteriorly or medially around groin

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2
Q

Trochanteric injury or lumbar referred pain location

A

Lateral pain

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3
Q

SIJ, piriformis syndrome, lumbar referred pain location

A

Posterior pain

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4
Q

Hip pain location

A

Inferiorly or superiorly

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5
Q

What is Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease

A

Necrosis of femoral head in pediatric patients

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6
Q

What are the radiographic findings of Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease

A
  • increase density of femoral capital epiphysis
  • femoral head flattening
  • demineralization of the meaphysis
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7
Q

What is slipped capital femoral epiphysis?

A

Wearing of the epiphyseal plate at the junction of femoral head and neck

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8
Q

What happens to the femoral head in slipped capital femoral epiphysis

A

Slips posterior, medial and inferior in relation to the femoral neck

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9
Q

What are the symptoms of slipped capital femoral epiphysis

A
  • groin, hip, knee pain of insidious onset
  • limited ROM: IR, flexion
  • antalgic gait
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10
Q

What are the common intracapsular Fracture sites in a proximal femur fracture

A
  • capital
  • subcapital
  • transcervical
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11
Q

What are the common extracapsular fracture sites in proximal femur fracture

A
  • intertrochanteric
  • subtrochanteric
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12
Q

What is the typical MOI for fracture to ilium, ischium or pubis

A

MVA, fall

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13
Q

What is the common MOI for acetabulum fracture

A

MVA, fall from significant height - often co-occurring with damage to other boney structures or soft tissue around hip and pelvis

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14
Q

MOI for pelvic stress fracture

A

repetitive high impact activity, osteoporosis

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15
Q

What are the gold standard sets for hip fracture diagnosis

A

Radiographs and CT scan

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16
Q

What is the patellar pubic percussion test

A

Clinical test for femur fracture diagnosis
- form of osteophony or auscultatory percussion
- bell of stethosocpe placed on ipsilateral pubic bone, examiner taps the patella
Neg test = sharp, distinct sound
Pos test = dissipated sound

17
Q

What are some of the pathology we see in hip OA

A
  • loss of hyaline cartilage
  • subchondral bone sclerosis
  • joint space narrowing
  • osteophyte formation
18
Q

What is one of the hallmark clinical symptoms of hip OA

A

Pain and stiffness in the morning or after prolonged periods of rest and improves with movement

19
Q

`What is the scale used to describing Hip OA

A

Kellgran-Lawrence scale

20
Q

Grade 0 on Kellgran-Lawrence scale

A

No OA

21
Q

Grade 1 on kellgran-Lawrence scale

A

Doubtful - possible narrowing of joint space medially

22
Q

Grade 2 on kellgran-Lawrence scale

A

mild - definite narrowing of joint space inferiorly

23
Q

Grade 3 on kellgran-Lawrence scale

A

Moderate - marked narrowing of joint space

24
Q

Grade 4 on kellgran-Lawrence scale

A

Severe - gross loss of joint space with sclerosis ad cysts

25
Q

What grade of kellgren-Lawrence was predictive of progression of symptomatic hip OA

A

Grade 2

26
Q

What is ACR diagnostic criteria for hip OA cluster 1

A
  • pain reported in the hip
  • less than 115 deg hip flexion
  • less than 15 deg hip IR
27
Q

What is ACR diagnostic criteria for hip OA test cluster 2

A
  • pain with hip internal rotation
  • more than 60 minutes morning stiffness
  • grater than 50 years of age
28
Q

What are some functions of the labrum

A
  • enhances joint stability
  • deepens acetabulum
  • acts as a seal to maintain negative intra-articular pressure
29
Q

What is femoroacetabular impingement (FAI)

A

Abnormal morphology of proximal femur and/or acetabulum
- results in increased hip contact forces in flexion

30
Q

What are the symptoms of FAI

A

Increased pain with hip flexion, IR, abduction (ie squat)

31
Q

What is Cam impingement

A

Femoral head enlarged compared to acetabulum

32
Q

What is pincer impingement

A

Acetabulum enlarged with overcoverage of the femoral head

33
Q

What direction is traumatic tears versus degenerative tears

A

Traumatic - vertical
Degenerative - horizontal

34
Q

What location of the labrum is usually torn

A

Anterior superior, or posterior superior margins of labrum

35
Q

Symptoms of labrum tears

A
  • increased pain with sitting and climbing stairs
  • possible clicking, locking and/or giving way during WB activities
  • pain located in groin, buttock , trochanteric region, thigh
  • pain/limitation during passive internal rotation with hip flexed but not extended
36
Q

What type of imaging is used for labral tears

A

MRI

37
Q

What type of clinical tests are used for labral tears

A
  • FADIR
  • FABER
  • log roll
38
Q

What type of surgical invention is used for labral tears

A

Debridement - minimally invasive procedure to trim torn or weaker area
Labral repair - repaired with sutures, may have better outcomes and patient less likely to have total hip replacement
- surgical interventions are arthrosscopically done

General Orthopedics (5 decks)

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