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Clinical Skills > Hip Exam > Flashcards

Hip Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What type of joint is the hip

A

Ball and socket joint

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2
Q

What three ligaments are involved in the hip joint

A

Iliopubic
Iliofemoral
Pubofemoral

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3
Q

What kind of hip dislocation is most common

A

Posterior

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4
Q

What muscles internally rotate the hip

A

Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Gracilis

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5
Q

What muscles externally rotate the hip

A

Gluteus Maximus

Lateral rotators: 
Superior gemellus
Inferior gemellus
Obturator internus
Obturator externus
Piriformis
Quadratus femoris
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6
Q

What muscles abduct the hip

A

Gluteus Minimus
Gluteus Medius

Assist:
Piriformis
Sartorius
Tensor fasciae latae

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7
Q

What muscles extend the hip

A 
Gluteus maximus
Hamstrings:
- Semimembranosus
- Semitendinosus
- Biceps femoris
Adductor Magnus
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8
Q

What muscles adduct the hip

A

Adductor Magnus
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Gracilis

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9
Q

What muscles flex the hip

A 
Iliopsoas muscle (psoas major & iliacus)
Rectus femoris
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10
Q

What do assess during gait

A

Gait cycle
Symmetry and turning
Any signs of discomfort

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11
Q

What do you inspect for on general observation
front
Side
Behind

A

front:
Scars
Pelvic tilt
Quadriceps wasting

Side:
Lumbar lordosis
Knee flexion
foot arches

Behind:
Scoliosis
Iliac crest alignment
Gluteal muscle bulk

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12
Q

What do you assess during palpation of the tissue around hip joint

A

Tenderness and warmth

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13
Q

What can tenderness on palpation of the greater trochanter suggest

A

Trochanteric bursitis

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14
Q

What is normal ROM of hip flexion

A

120 degrees

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15
Q

What is normal ROM of internal hip rotation

A

40 degrees

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16
Q

What is normal ROM of external hip rotation

A

45 degrees

17
Q

What is normal ROM of hip adduction

A

30 degrees

18
Q

What is normal ROM of hip abduction

A

45 degrees

19
Q

What is normal ROM of hip extension

A

10 - 20 degrees

20
Q

What is a positive Thomas’ test and what does it indicate

A

If the contralateral leg raises of the bed it is a positive sign

This suggests there is a fixed flexion deformity in the affected hip

21
Q

What is a positive Trendelenbergs Sign

A

If the pelvis drops of the side of the lifted leg it indicates weak hip abductors on the contralateral side of the pelvis

22
Q

What is a positive sign in straight leg test

A

If there is a shooting pain down the back of the patients leg when you passively raise it

23
Q

What further examinations could you do to complete findings

A

Spine examination
Knee examination
Lower limb neurovascular examination
Review any available imaging

Clinical Skills (14 decks)

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