Hip and Posterior Thigh Muscles

Question 1

Gluteus Maximus

Answer 1

O: Posterior Gluteal Line, Posterior Sacrum and Coccyx, Sacrotuberous Ligament

I: Gluteal Tuberosity of the Femur, IT Band

A: Hip Extension, External Rotation, Abduction

N: Inferior Gluteal (L5 - S2)

Question 2

Gluteus Medius

Answer 2

O: Outer surface of the Ilium, Anterior and Posterior Gluteal Line

I: Lateral surface of the Greater Trochanter

A: Hip Abduction, External Rotation (post. fibers)

N: Superior Gluteal
(L4 - S1)

Internal Rotation (ant. fibers)

Question 3

Gluteus Minimus

Answer 3

O: Outer surface of the Ilium between the anterior and inferior Gluteal Lines

I: Anterior border of the Greater Trochanter

A: Abduction, Internal Rotation

N: Superior Gluteal
(L4 - S1)

Question 4

Piriformis

Answer 4

O: Anterior Sacrum, Sacrotuberous Ligament

I: Greater Trochanter

A: External Rotation,
Horizontal abduction when hip flexed to 90⁰

N: Nerve to Piriformis
(L5 - S2 – Superficial Peroneal)

Question 5

Obturator Externus

Answer 5

O: External Pubis and Ischium, Obturator Foramen Margin, Obturator Membrane

I: Trochanteric Fossa of the Femur

A: External Rotation

N: Obturator Nerve (L3-L4)

Question 6

Superior Gemellus

Answer 6

O: Outer surface of the Ischial Spine

I: Greater Trochanter

A: External Rotation,
Horizontal abduction when hip flexed to 90⁰

N: Nerve to Superior Gemellus
(L5 - S2 – Same as Superficial Peroneal)

Question 7

Inferior Gemellus

Answer 7

O: Upper part of the Ischial Tuberosity

I: Greater Trochanter

A: External Rotation,
Horizontal abduction when hip flexed to 90⁰

N: Nerve to Inferior Gemellus
(L5 - S2 – Same as Superficial Peroneal)

Question 8

Quadratus Femoris

Answer 8

O: Ischial Tuberosity

I: Quadrate Tubercle of the Femur

A: External Rotation

N: Nerve to Quadratus Femoris (L5 - S1)

Question 9

Obturator Internus

Answer 9

O: Pelvic surface of the Obturator Membrane, Obturator Foramen

I: Greater Trochanter

A: External Rotation,
Horizontal abduction when hip flexed to 90⁰

N: Nerve to Quadratus Femoris (L5 - S1)

Question 10

Biceps Femoris

Answer 10

O: Long Head:
Ischial tuberosity

Short Head:
Lower ½ of Linea Aspera

I: Head of the fibula, Lateral Condyle of the Tibia

A: Extension (hip), Flexion (knee),
External Rotation (knee)

N: Long Head:
Tibial Nerve (L5 - S2)

Short Head:
Superficial Peroneal Nerve (L5 - S2)

Question 11

Semimembranosus

Answer 11

O: Lateral Ischial Tuberosity

I: Posterior Medial Condyle of the Tibia, Oblique Popliteal Ligament

A: Extension (hip), Flexion (knee), Internal Rotation (knee)

N: Tibial Nerve
(L5 - 2)

Question 12

Semitendinosus

Answer 12

O: Ischial tuberosity

I: Upper medial aspect of tibia

A: Hip extension,
Knee flexion, Internal Rotation

Question 13

Popliteus

Answer 13

O: Lateral Condyle of the Femur, Posterior Lateral Meniscus

I: Posterior surface of the Tibia above the Soleus

A: Flexion (knee), Internal Rotation (knee) in Open Chain

N: Tibial Division of Sciatic Nerve
(L4 - S1)