Hip Anatomy Flashcards
Gluteus Minimus
Origin: External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
Insertion: Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur
Nerve: Superior Gluteal Nerve (L5, S1)
Action: Abduct and medically rotate thigh; keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing and advance opposite (unsupported) side during its swing phase
Quadratus Femoris
Origin: Lateral border of Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Quadratus tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur and area inferior to it
Nerve: Nerve to Quadratus femoris (L5, S1)
Action: Laterally rotates thigh; steadies femoral head in acetabulum
Inferior Gemellus
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur
Nerve: Nerve to Quadratus Femoris (L5, S1)
Action: Laterally rotates thigh when extended; abducts thigh when flexed; steady femoral head in acetabulum
Superior Gemellus
Origin: Ischial spine
Insertion: Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur
Nerve: Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)
Action: Laterally rotates thigh when extended; abducts thigh when flexed; steady femoral head in acetabulum
Gluteus Maximus
Origin: Ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line; dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament.
Insertion: Most fibers end in iliotibial tract, which inserts into lateral condole of tibia (at Gerdy’s tubercle); some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity.
Nerve: Inferior Gluteal Nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Action: Extends thigh (especially from flexed position) and assists in its lateral rotation; steadies thigh and assists in rising from sitting position
Gluteus Medius
Origin: External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
Insertion: Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
Nerve: Superior gluteal nerve (L5, S1)
Action: Abduct and medically rotate thigh; keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing and advance opposite (unsupported) side during its swing phase
Obturator internus
Origin: Internal surface of obturator membrane and margins of obturator foramen
Insertion: Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur
Nerve: Nerve to Obturator Internus (L5, S1)
Action: Laterally rotates thigh when extended; abducts thigh when flexed; steady femoral head in acetabulum
Obturator Externus
Origin: External surface of obturator membrane and margins of obturator foramen
Insertion: Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur
Nerve: Obturator Nerve (L3, L4)
Action: Laterally rotates thigh; steadies femoral head in acetabulum
What muscles are innervated by the Superior Gluteal Nerve (L5, S1)?
Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus, Tensor Fasciae Latae
Piriformis
Origin: Anterior surface of sacrum; sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: Superior border of greater trochanter of femur
Nerve: Nerve to piriformis (S1, S2)
Action: Laterally rotates thigh when extended; abducts thigh when flexed; steady femoral head in acetabulum
“Abduct and medically rotate thigh; keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing and advance opposite (unsupported) side during its swing phase” is the action of what muscle(s)?
Gluteus medius, Gluteus minimus, Tensor fasciae latae (also assists in flexion of thigh)
What innervates the Gluteus Maximus?
Inferior Gluteal Nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Tensor Fasciae latte
Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine, anterior part of iliac crest
Insertion: Iliotibial tract, which attaches to lateral condole of tibia (at Gerdy’s tubercle)
Nerve: Superior Gluteal Nerve (L5, S1)
Action: Same as gluteus medius/minimus; also assists in flex ion of thigh
What muscles insert at the “Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur?
Superior Gemellus
Obturator Internus
Inferior Gemellus
Obturator Externus
Which muscles “Laterally rotates thigh when extended; abducts thigh when flexed; steady femoral head in acetabulum”?
Piriformis
Superior Gemellus
Inferior Gemellus
Obturator internus
